番茄的应用价值及其转基因工程研究进展

介绍了番茄的生物学特征和应用价值,并且阐述了其转基因工程的研究进展。     

Ionized Hypocalcemia in Critically Ill Dogs

Background: Ionized hypocalcemia (iHCa) is a common electrolyte disturbance in critically ill people, especially those with sepsis. The cause of the iHCa is not entirely understood and is likely multifactorial. Critically ill people with iHCa have longer hospital stays and higher mortality rates compared to people with normocalcemia. There are no published clinical studies evaluating the incidence and impact of iHCa in critically ill dogs.
Hypothesis: iHCa occurs in critically ill dogs, is more prevalent in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis, and is associated with longer hospital stays and higher mortality.
Animals: One hundred and forty-one client-owned dogs admitted to a companion animal intensive care unit (ICU) in a veterinary teaching hospital.
Methods: Prospective observational study of sequentially enrolled dogs. Blood was collected and analyzed within an hour of admission from all dogs presented to the ICU that met study inclusion criteria.
Results: The incidence of iHCa (iCa < 1.11 mmol/L) was 16%. The presence of iHCa was associated with longer ICU ( P = .038) and hospital ( P = .012) stays but not with decreased survival ( P = .60). Dogs with sepsis as defined by ≥3 SIRS criteria and a positive culture were more likely to have iHCa ( P = .050).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: In dogs not previously treated with fluids or blood products intravenously, the finding of iHCa upon admission to the ICU predicted a longer duration of ICU and hospital stay. Septic dogs with positive cultures were more likely to have iHCa.     

Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in a dog with septic shock

Objective – To describe a case of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in a dog with septic shock.
Case Summary – A dog with aspiration pneumonia developed septic shock with pressor-refractory hypotension. A standard ACTH stimulation test was performed that showed a blunted cortisol response consistent with CIRCI. Reversal of shock was achieved within 2 hours of hydrocortisone administration, and complete weaning from pressors was accomplished over the subsequent 8 hours. The patient recovered and was discharged from the hospital. An ACTH stimulation test performed 1 month after hospital discharge showed normal adrenal responsiveness consistent with resolution of CIRCI.
New or Unique Information Provided – This case is the first published report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog.     

A comparison of total calcium,corrected calcium,and ionized calcium concentrations as indicators of calcium homeostasis among hypoalbuminemic dogs requiring intensive care

Objective – (1) To evaluate whether total calcium (tCa) correlates with ionized calcium (iCa) in hypoalbuminemic dogs; (2) to evaluate whether calcium adjusted for albumin (Alb), or total protein (TP), or both accurately predict iCa concentrations and hence can be used to monitor calcium homeostasis in critically ill hypoalbuminemic dogs; and (3) to evaluate factors associated with any potential discrepancy in calcium classification between corrected total and ionized values. Design – Prospective observational clinical study. Setting – Small animal intensive care unit in a veterinary medical teaching hospital. Animals – Twenty‐eight client‐owned dogs with hypoalbuminemia. Interventions – None. Measurements and Main Results – iCa was determined using ion‐specific electrode methodology, on heparinized plasma. The tCa concentration was adjusted for Alb and TP using published equations. In total 29% (8/28) of the hypoalbuminemic, critically ill dogs in this study were hypocalcemic at intensive care unit admission, as determined by iCa measurement. Corrected calcium values failed to accurately classify calcium status in 67.9% and 64.3% of cases, according to whether the Alb‐adjusted or TP‐adjusted values, respectively, were used. The sensitivity and specificity of the tCa to evaluate hypocalcemia was 100% and 47%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the correction formulae were 37.5% and 79% for the Alb‐adjusted values and 37.5% and 74% for TP‐adjusted values. tCa overestimated the presence of hypocalcemia and underestimated the presence of normocalcemia, while corrected calcium values overestimated the presence of normocalcemia and underestimated the presence of hypocalcemia. Conclusions – Calcium homeostasis in hypoalbuminemic critically ill dogs should be evaluated by iCa concentrations rather than tCa or calcium adjusted for Alb or TP. Given that tCa has 100% sensitivity for detecting hypocalcemia in this population it is recommended that all hypoalbuminemic and critically ill patients with low tCa should be evaluated with an iCa measurement.     

Seasonal movements of silver kob, Argyrosomus inodorus, (Griffiths and Heemstra) in Namibian waters

A seasonal migration pattern for silver kob, Argyrosomus inodorus (Griffiths & Heemstra) is elucidated based on tag-recapture data. Spawning adults start migrating southwards against the north-westerly surface currents at the beginning of the austral summer from the northern end of their distributional range to their spawning grounds, Sandwich and Meob Bays, at the southern end of their distributional range. It is suggested that after spawning larvae drift north with the current to the nursery areas, the West coast Recreational area (WCR). When juveniles reach the age of approximately 2 years they will gradually move north towards the adult feeding ground, the Skeleton Coast Park (SCP) waters. At the end of the spawning season when the surf-zone water temperature decreases to about 15 °C adult silver kob complete their spawning cycle by returning to the adult feeding ground, probably moving slightly offshore and with the current.     

情感体验型竹家居产品设计实践

随着体验经济时代的到来,人们越来越注重家居产品的情感体验效果与情感疗愈价值,以人为本、以情感为导向的体验式家居产品设计已成为当前的设计趋势。文章分析了家居情感化设计的表现形式、设计方法以及情感化家居产品的特征,并开展了基于情感体验的竹家居产品创意设计实践。     

完善新型农村合作医疗制度几个关键问题

作为农村医疗保障制度的初级形式——新型农村合作医疗制度,是现阶段实现社会公平,保障农村居民的基本健康权益的重要形式。从新型农村合作医疗制度的基金运行管理,自愿与逆向选择问题入手,提醒我们要重视医疗救助制度及宣传力度,建立完善的新型农村合作医疗制度,并使其实施更为有效,符合农民的意愿。     

农村贫困老年人精准健康扶贫现状、问题及对策

随着经济发展,农村老年人生活水平不断提高,但农村因病致贫、因病返贫人口依然存在,精准健康扶贫仍然面临着严峻任务。为精准把控农村贫困老年人精准健康扶贫现状和问题,采取实地和在线调查相结合的方式,对河北、山东、湖南等省部分地区农村老年人开展调查分析。研究发现,农村贫困老年人精准健康扶贫中,存在农村贫困老年人对健康扶贫缺乏了解、健康扶贫工作精准性不够、体制机制不完善等突出问题。需要进一步创新健康扶贫的做法,构建多元化、多层次的农村贫困老年人精准健康扶贫路径,以有效、科学、有序地化解精准健康扶贫的问题。     

山东沂水奶牛产后代谢病调查与原因分析

奶牛分娩后其生理代谢发生巨大变化,由于体能的消耗,其抗病力也相对较低,若产后护理不当容易出现代谢性疾病。本文通过实地走访、座谈方式对沂水县奶牛产后代谢病进行调查,对当地奶牛产后代谢疾病的发病率、易发牛群和发病症状进行总结,并从分娩时体能损耗、运动量、饲喂方式、营养搭配、应激和病理因素分析沂水县奶牛产后代谢病的发病原因,提出科学分娩与接产、适量运动、合理搭配日粮、定时定量饲喂、预防应激、做好产后护理等措施,促进奶牛产后体能和体质恢复,为减少产后代谢病发生提供参考依据。