胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球对苹果渣多酚的吸附条件优化

为分离苹果渣中的多酚物质,研究壳聚糖磁性材料对多酚物质提取的影响。采用化学共沉淀法制得Fe3O4磁核,反相悬浮交联法制得磁性壳聚糖微球,并进行胺基化改性;利用扫描电镜、激光粒度仪对微球进行表征。采用单因素试验和响应曲面法对磁性微球吸附分离苹果渣多酚的吸附条件进行了工艺优化。结果表明:胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球吸附苹果渣多酚工艺参数对多酚吸附率有显著影响,因素影响主次顺序为微球用量>摇床转速>吸附温度;胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球吸附苹果渣多酚的工艺参数为:微球用量0.25g/mL,吸附温度45℃,摇床转速127r/min,吸附率可达81.58%。壳聚糖与Fe3O4磁性物质相结合,对多酚物质具有良好的吸附性能,可以对多酚物质进行快速分离,解析后多酚得率可达78.73%。研究结果为磁性材料吸附分离多酚类物质提供了理论参考。     

镂空方型增殖礁上升流特性的粒子图像测速试验

利用粒子图像测速技术（particle image velocimetry）对镂空方型增殖礁单体礁和组合礁的上升流流场特性进行分析,按照海区实测流速和礁区选址要求,设定5个不同的来流速度0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 m/s,并计算出试验流速分别为0.045、0.090、0.135、0.180、0.225 m/s。结果表明：单体礁在任何一种迎流方式下,上升流的规模都随来流速度的增加而增大;而相同来流速度下,主视面90o迎流时,上升流规模最大;单体俯视面45o迎流时,上升流规模最小;礁体横向组合排列时,礁体间距在0.5L～1.0 L时所产生的上升流规模最大,礁体间的协同作用最强;礁体纵向组合排列时,在0.5L～1.5 L倍的间距时,礁体间的相互作用较强,形成的上升流规模最大。     

采收期对榨菜空心率和氮磷钾及内源激素含量的影响

以易空心的Ｔ８４－６６和不易空心的Ｔ８４－６１两个榨菜品种为材料进行试验。结果表明，从产量和瘤状茎品质方面看，４月３日至４月８日为适宜采收期；在瘤状茎开始膨大到充分膨大期间，叶片内Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ含量基本呈下降趋势，且低于瘤状茎内的含量。Ｎ含量较高则瘤状茎的空心率较低，而Ｐ和Ｋ含量与瘤状茎空心率的关系不明显，瘤状茎空心发生后，ＩＡＡ水平呈上升趋势，而ＺＴ及ＡＢＡ含量变化不大；ＩＡＡ含量与空心率存在显著的正相关。随着植株的抽薹，瘤状茎内的ＣＡ３含量迅速上升。     

Testing Method and Heat insulating Principle of the Thermal Insulation Coatings for External Wall

Abstract：In the modern society due to the increasingly high requirements on the environment circumstances, it is imperative to study the insulation coating.This paper introduces the testing method and heat insulating principle of the building external wal     

生物膜-人工湿地组合工艺处理城镇生活污水的研究

采用以天然植物中空纤维作为填料的生物质-生物膜反应器(BBFR)串联复合垂直流人工湿地(IVCW)的组合工艺处理系统,研究了5种不同的运行工况,即不同的停留时间、水力及污染负荷条件下对城镇生活污水的处理效果.结果表明,5种工况下组合系统的出水均能达到一级排放标准,COD、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到89.86%、93.5%和74.78%.各工况条件下因为装置控制参数和稳定程度的不同,各运行阶段下的净化效果也有一定的差异.通过探讨BBFR和IVCW的最佳耦合模式,即系统处理效果达到最佳时的运行参数,实现了BBFR和IVCW二者间的优势互补.     

Alginate Microsphere Encapsulation of Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles: A Novel Strategy for Intraperitoneal Drug Delivery

Alginate hydrogels have been broadly investigated for use in medical applications due to their biocompatibility and the possibility to encapsulate cells, proteins, and drugs. In the treatment of peritoneal metastasis, rapid drug clearance from the peritoneal cavity is a major challenge. Aiming to delay drug absorption and reduce toxic side effects, cabazitaxel (CAB)-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanoparticles were encapsulated in alginate microspheres. The PACAlg alginate microspheres were synthesized by electrostatic droplet generation and the physicochemical properties, stability, drug release kinetics, and mesothelial cytotoxicity were analyzed before biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy were studied in mice. The 450 µm microspheres were stable at in vivo conditions for at least 21 days after intraperitoneal implantation in mice, and distributed evenly throughout the peritoneal cavity without aggregation or adhesion. The nanoparticles were stably retained in the alginate microspheres, and nanoparticle toxicity to mesothelial cells was reduced, while the therapeutic efficacy of free CAB was maintained or improved in vivo. Altogether, this work presents the alginate encapsulation of drug-loaded nanoparticles as a promising novel strategy for the treatment of peritoneal metastasis that can improve the therapeutic ratio between toxicity and therapeutic efficacy.     

陶粒混凝土空心砌块的特点和应用

本文对陶粒混凝土空心砌块的特点及陶粒混凝土空心砌块应用中存在的问题进行了分析，并对陶粒混凝土空心砌块的应用前景做一概述。     

星点设计-效应面法优化硫氰酸红霉素肺靶向明胶微球的配方

用星点设计-效应面法优化硫氰酸红霉素明胶微球的处方,以期得到分散性好、粒径符合要求的明胶微球。本研究采用乳化-化学交联法制备,以明胶浓度、油水比例、乳化剂浓度为自变量,微球的平均粒径、载药量、包封率、跨距为因变量对自变量的各水平进行多元线性回归和二项式拟合。根据因变量效应面法选取较佳工艺,并在此基础上制备了硫氰酸红霉素微球,且进行了优化处方的验证。结果显示,二项式模型拟合效果较多元线性回归要好,最佳优化处方为明胶浓度0.156g/mL、油水比例12∶2、乳化剂浓度0.03g/mL,根据优化工艺制备的微球分散性好,平均粒径、载药量、跨距、包封率分别为12.51μm、21.28%、1.51和84.39%。体外释药特性研究表明,该微球符合一级方程规律,具有明显的缓释效果。通过星点设计-效应面法成功建立了处方优化模型,且预测性良好。     

Improved biological effects of uniconazole using porous hollow silica nanoparticles as carriers

BACKGROUND: The aim of this work is to prepare a controlled‐release formulation of uniconazole using porous hollow silica nanoparticles (PHSNs) as carrier, and to investigate the biological effects on rice growth. RESULTS: PHSNs with a shell thickness of ～15 nm and a particle size of 80–100 nm were synthesised through a sol–gel route using nanosized calcium carbonate particles as templates. Simple immersing (SI) and supercritical fluid drug loading (SFDL) technologies were employed to load uniconazole into PHSNs with loading efficiencies of ～22 and ～26% respectively. The prepared uniconazole‐loaded PHSNs (UCZ‐PHSNs) by SI and SFDL both demonstrated sustained release properties, and the latter showed better controlled release ability with a slower release rate. Compared with free uniconazole, UCZ‐PHSNs exhibited a weaker growth retardation effect in the early stage but more significant retardation ability in later stages for agar‐cultured rice seedlings. For the rice that grew in clay, UCZ‐PHSNs demonstrated a weaker plant height retardation effect than free uniconazole at the early jointing stage by foliar spraying, but exhibited a stronger retardation capacity than free uniconazole by being applied into soil before seedling transplantation. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the prepared UCZ‐PHSNs possessed good controlled‐release properties and had improved retardation effects on rice growth. It is recommended that UCZ‐PHSNs be applied into soil before seedling transplantation rather than administered by foliar spraying at the early jointing stage. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于磁性微球的基因组核酸提取及其在中药材真伪鉴别和亲缘关系分析中的应用

为从分子水平上对中药材质量进行控制,基于磁性微球对中药材核酸进行纯化及后续生物鉴定,采用磁分离技术提取高纯度的核酸模板,以高磁响应性、粒径均一的超顺磁性四氧化三铁微球为固相载体,在聚乙二醇和氯化钠等的协同作用下,对根、茎、叶、花、果实、种子类中药材基因组核酸进行提取;分别提取丹参和柴胡的基因组核酸,并对其进行聚合酶链式反应扩增(PCR)和随机扩增多态性分析(RAPD),用于对丹参的真伪鉴别和对柴胡进行亲缘关系分析.结果表明:经提取,获得了纯度较高(OD260 nm/OD280 nm介于1.6~2.0)的中药材核酸模板;通过扩增叶绿素rpl16基因片段,可有效鉴别丹参及其伪品牛蒡;采用3个有效随机引物,可从基因水平上分析4个柴胡品种的亲缘关系远近