基于平衡策略的支持向量机在电力系统中期负荷预测的应用

针对电力负荷中期预测比较困难并且存在较大误差的问题,提出了基于径向基核函数与基于平衡策略的Sequential minimal optimization(SMO)改进算法相结合的负荷中期预测方法,结合EUNITE网络提供的实际数据,研究了日最大负荷的前后期关系、日最大负荷与节假日的关系和当日与对应星期数的相关性,建立了相应的电力负荷中期预测模型。并对预测结果进行了分析。算例表明,该算法具有运算速度快、精度较高的优点。     

基于粒子群复形法优化复垦土地结构

针对我国人多地少、土地破坏的严重性，特别在矿区，破坏更为严重，及时恢复被破坏土地的使用价值对保持经济的持续发展是很必要的。在资金有限的情况下，如何合理地规划复垦土地的结构，一方面使土地复垦得以顺利地进行，另一方面又使经济效益达到最大化，是管理者所面临的问题。通过数学建模，这是一个带有约束条件的优化问题，针对这一问题，本文通过惩罚函数法把它化为无约束的优化问题，最后提出用粒子群算法改进的复形法进行求解。实例分析表明算法的有效性与简洁性，为复垦土地的结构优化提供一条有效的解决途径，增加规划的科学性、现实性和可操作性。     

基于Snake模型的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法的研究

[目的]建立基于Snake模型的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法.[方法]在matlab编程环境下,以3种常见水稻灯诱害虫（大螟、二化螟和直纹稻弄蝶）不同姿态图像为研究对象,提出了基于贪婪算法的Snake模型水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法.[结果]首先选择不同姿态害虫的初始轮廓和能量权重;其次采用贪婪算法成功提取不同种类、不同姿态的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓;最后设计了GUI操作界面.[结论]该模型为带有虫体残缺、姿态各异的灯诱害虫形态特征提取提供了参考.     

双向链表人口迁移算法

最短路径搜索是路径分析中的热点问题.将双向链表和人口迁移算法的智能进化体制相结合,提出一种新的启发式智能仿生优化算法——双向链表人口迁移算法,并用于求解最短路径问题.仿真实验结果表明：双向链表人口迁移算法求解最短路径搜索问题是可行、有效的.     

基于改进粒子群算法的烧结配料预测模型

针对烧结配料系统中的非线性、复杂性和相关性,基于BP神经网络建立烧结配料的预测模型,并采用粒子群算法对预测模型参数进行优化。为了克服粒子群算法的局部收敛性,在迭代过程中,根据迭代次数对惯性权重进行动态非线性调整,从而提高算法的搜索能力。仿真结果表明,所提出的改进粒子群算法与传统的粒子群算法比较,收敛速度快、迭代次数少、具有较强的全局寻优能力。     

First application of PCR-Luminex system for molecular diagnosis of fungicide resistance and species identification of fungal pathogens

Fungicide resistance in plant pathogens is often caused by a single point mutation in a gene encoding fungicide target proteins. Such is the case for resistance to MBI-D (inhibitors of scytalone dehydratase in melanin biosynthesis) fungicides in rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae), which is caused by a mutation in the scytalone dehydratase gene that results in a replacement of valine with methionine at codon 75 of the fungicide target protein. PCR-Luminex, a novel system developed for high-throughput analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was successfully introduced to diagnose MBI-D resistance using specific oligonucleotide probes coupled with fluorescent beads. The PCR-Luminex system was further tested for its potential in identifying species causing Fusarium head blight on wheat. Four major pathogens, Fusarium graminearum (=F. asiaticum), F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Microdochium nivale, known to cause the disease, were tested, and the species were identified using the PCR-Luminex method. So far, this report is the first on the application of the DNA-based PCR-Luminex system in the area of crop protection and/or agricultural sciences.     

基于改进神经网络的农村电力系统短期负荷预测

为进一步提高农村电力系统短期负荷预测模型的性能,实现准确与快速预测农村电力系统短期负荷的目的,采用基于优化理论的Levenberg-Marquardt算法来改进传统的BP算法,并构造电力系统负荷预测模型。结果表明,基于L-M算法的神经网络预测模型具有较高的预测精度,在农村电力系统短期负荷预测方面具有较高的使用价值。     

Automated identification of sugar beet diseases using smartphones

Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) poses a high economic risk to sugar beet production due to its potential to greatly reduce yield and quality. For successful integrated management of CLS, rapid and accurate identification of the disease is essential. Diagnosis on the basis of typical visual symptoms is often compromised by the inability to differentiate CLS symptoms from similar symptoms caused by other foliar pathogens of varying significance, or from abiotic stress. An automated detection and classification of CLS and other leaf diseases, enabling a reliable basis for decisions in disease control, would be an alternative to visual as well as molecular and serological methods. This paper presents an algorithm based on a RGB‐image database captured with smartphone cameras for the identification of sugar beet leaf diseases. This tool combines image acquisition and segmentation on the smartphone and advanced image data processing on a server, based on texture features using colour, intensity and gradient values. The diseases are classified using a support vector machine with radial basis function kernel. The algorithm is suitable for binary‐class and multi‐class classification approaches, i.e. the separation between diseased and non‐diseased, and the differentiation among leaf diseases and non‐infected tissue. The classification accuracy for the differentiation of CLS, ramularia leaf spot, phoma leaf spot, beet rust and bacterial blight was 82%, better than that of sugar beet experts classifying diseases from images. However, the technology has not been tested by practitioners. This tool can be adapted to other crops and their diseases and may contribute to improved decision‐making in integrated disease control.     

基于模糊神经算法的区域地下水盐分动态预测

为探讨前馈型人工神经网络BP-ANN(back propagation artificial neural network)和模糊神经NF(neuro-fuzzy)2种神经网络算法在区域地下水盐分动态预测中的应用过程与效果,首先通过经典统计分析确定区域地下水盐分动态的主要驱动因子以及可用的模型输入因子组合,采用"试错法"确定神经网络模型的最优结构,进而开展地下水盐分中长期动态的有效模拟预测。结果表明,在长江河口寅阳和大兴地区以降水动态为单输入的NF(5-gbellmf-160)和以降水与内河水盐分动态为双输入的NF(4-gaussmf-100)为最优预测模型。研究表明神经网络模型对地下水盐分动态的预测精度优于常规线性模型,其中,NF、BP-ANN、线性模型在寅阳测点的预测相关系数分别为0.565、0.445、0.261,在大兴测点的预测相关系数分别为0.886、0.784、0.543。与BP-ANN、线性模型相比,基于模糊神经算法的NF模型具有更好的误差纠错和仿真能力,在寅阳和大兴测点的预测误差分别降低了30%以上和50%以上。相关研究结果在区域水盐动态科学预警研究领域有较好地应用前景。     

自然环境下重叠果实图像识别算法与试验

针对非结构化自然环境中光照变化和对象重叠特征等外界因素给图像处理带来的难题,提出了一种自然环境下重叠果实的图像识别与边界分割的组合优化算法。该组合优化算法首先对原始图像进行噪声滤波处理,然后利用Sobel算子以及改进算子的最大类方差法(OTSU)来辨识重叠果实目标;接着采用K-means算法对重叠目标的像素进行聚类得到单个目标位置,再结合边缘检测结果的连通域分析及区域生长获得单个目标边界的大致区域;最后利用基于限制区域的分水岭算法,得到目标的精确边界。为了验证所提算法的有效性和适应性,进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:所提出的组合优化算法不仅可以在自然环境下从重叠物体图像背景中识别出重叠目标,而且还可以从重叠目标中分割出单个目标的精确边界。