基于时序归一化植被指数的冬小麦收获指数空间信息提取

为获取农作物收获指数（HI）空间分布信息,该研究充分利用遥感技术,以冬小麦为例,利用时序归一化植被指数NDVI构成的作物生长过程曲线提取MODIS NDVI阶段性累积特征参数,并用生殖生长关键阶段和营养生长关键阶段对应的NDVI累积参数比值HINDVI_SUM构建了用于反演冬小麦收获指数的参数,并建立了参数HINDVI_SUM与冬小麦实测收获指数的定量关系,利用上述定量关系实现作物收获指数空间信息的提取。经过对反演冬小麦收获指数的精度验证,结果表明,利用构建参数HINDVI_SUM在区域范围内反演冬小麦收获指数取得了较好的效果。其中,冬小麦收获指数预测的平均相对误差为2.40%,均方根误差（RMSE）为0.02,证明了该研究利用时序NDVI构建参数HINDVI_SUM反演区域冬小麦收获指数空间信息的方法准确性和可行性。     

濉溪县玉米收获机械化存在的问题及对策

总结了濉溪县玉米收获机械化的现状,分析其存在的问题,并提出相应的对策,以期为该县的玉米生产提供参考。     

采收期对澳洲青苹苹果采后品质及虎皮病的影响

研究了在常温（20±1）℃和冷藏（0±0.5）℃条件下澳洲青苹苹果不同采收期对果实采后品质、生理和虎皮病发病率的影响。结果表明,晚采果实的品质和风味相对较好。常温贮藏条件下,晚采果实的乙烯跃变出现时间较早,但采收期对乙烯峰值的大小影响不大,直至果实严重腐烂也未发生虎皮病;冷藏条件下,延迟采收期能明显抑制和延缓澳洲青苹苹果虎皮病的发生,保持果实较高的可溶性固形物含量;贮藏后期早采果实的腐烂率急剧升高是由极其严重的虎皮病造成的。但果实采收越晚,耐贮性越差,腐烂率高而且腐烂出现的时间早,不宜长期贮藏。因此,综合上述因素,建议辽西地区澳洲青苹苹果贮藏果实应于生长发育后期（163～170 d）的10月中下旬采收,常温20℃条件下贮藏30～40 d,冷藏0℃条件下贮藏180 d内,虎皮病发病率低,可保持良好的品质与风味。     

论翻译的专业性

通过对翻译行业内的一些现象进行分析,指出翻译作为一种职业,具有较高的专业性要求,并从专业知识要求、专业技能要求和专业精神三个方面对翻译的专业性进行详细说明。     

芒果采后及贮藏生理研究进展

芒果是跃变型水果。采收后果实品质和代谢生理等发生重大变化,笔者从芒果果实的采后品质变化、呼吸强度、乙烯代谢、活性氧代谢、Ca2+对果实后熟的影响、逆境生理及不同采后处理对芒果采后生理的影响等方面,阐述了芒果采后和贮藏过程中的主要生理变化的研究进展,并指出了今后芒果采后保鲜的研究方向和研究内容。     

集雨节灌种植技术对夏玉米光合特性及产量的影响

以沟灌、水平畦灌为对照,通过2年大田试验分析了在关中灌区集雨节灌种植技术对夏玉米功能叶片的光合参数、荧光参数、叶绿素含量及产量的影响。结果表明,在同期灌溉处理中,集雨节灌处理各测定时期的最大荧光（Fm）、可变荧光（Fv）、最大光能转换效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）和叶绿素含量显著高于沟灌、畦灌。集雨节灌处理的籽粒产量在播前灌1水处理下较沟灌、畦灌和沟垄集雨种植分别提高4.9%（P<0.05）、8.5%（P<0.05）和2.2%,在开花期灌1水处理下提高6.0%（P<0.05）、8.3%（P<0.05）、1.3%;在播前和开花期均灌1水处理下提高7.0%（P<0.05）、11.2%（P<0.05）和7.2%（P<0.05）。不同灌溉时期集雨节灌处理的净光合速率（Pn）和叶片瞬时 水分利用效率（WUE）均在灌浆期显著高于畦灌,对基础荧光（Fo）和蒸腾速率（Tr）的影响不明显。除开花期灌1水处理外,其它灌水时期下的集雨节灌处理百粒重显著高于沟灌、畦灌处理。研究表明,集雨节灌可以显著提高叶片光合性能,增强PSⅡ反应中心的电子传递、光合化学效率和潜在活性,且产量显著高于传统沟灌、水平畦灌处理。     

施肥期和收获期对扁穗冰草种子产量的影响

以生长2 a的扁穗冰草为试验材料,研究施肥期、收获期二因素对扁穗冰草种子产量、发芽率和千粒重的影响。结果表明:在盛花后25 d时收获种子,不同施肥期的扁穗冰草种子产量最高,盛花后30 d时收获种子,不同施肥期的扁穗冰草种子发芽率最高;返青期施肥,不同收获期种子扁穗冰草种子产量和发芽率均最高;施肥期、收获期二因素对扁穗冰草千粒重影响不大。     

Effects of maturity genes E2 and E3 on yield formation in soybean cultivar Enrei in warm region,Fukuyama in Japan

ABSTRACT

Understanding how maturity genes affect soybean yield formation will provide important information for crop management decisions. This study aimed to reveal how maturity genes E2 and E3 in the soybean cultivar ‘Enrei’ affect yields and yield formation in warm regions of Japan. ‘Enrei’ (e2e3) and three near-isogenic lines of ‘Enrei’ (e2E3, E2e3, and E2E3) were cultivated in 2016 and 2017 in Fukuyama, Japan (34°30′N, 133°23′E). Two sowing dates were set in each year (June sowing and July sowing). E2 extended the period from emergence to R1 and also the period from R1 to R7, whereas E3 extended only the period from emergence to R1. Interaction between E2 and E3 did not affect duration of the period from emergence to R1, but did affect the period from R1 to R7. Although seed yield did not differ between genotypes in the June sowings, the effects of E2 and E3 on seed yield in July sowing were both significant and interaction between E2 and E3 also observed. The total number of nodes increased in E3 genotypes in both sowing dates, especially in E2E3. Pod-set ratio was lower in E2 and E3 genotypes than in e2 and e3 genotypes in the June sowings, but did not differ between genotypes in the July sowings. The high yield of E2E3 genotypes in the July sowings was attributed to increased number of nodes and flower production while maintaining pod-set ratio. Appropriate choice of sowing date is suggested to be essential when using E3 genotypes.Abbreviations: HI: harvest index; NIL: near-isogenic line; RUE: radiation use efficiency; TDM: total above-ground dry matter; TRI: total solar radiation intercepted     

广西引种菜用黄麻试验初报

通过对福建农林大学提供的15份菜用黄麻品系进行对比试验,从生长发育特性、鲜茎叶和种子产量以及鲜茎叶采收进程等方面进行研究．结果显示,14个参试品系鲜茎叶及种子的产量均高于对照品种MC2,鲜茎叶增产幅度在0．43％-26．07％,其中MC5（14013．25kg／hm2）比对照MC2增产26．07％,达极显著水平,MC7、MC10比对照增产12.37％、14．11％,品质优良,产量构成因素匹配较好,适合在广西推广种植;鲜茎叶采收重量呈现出低-高-高-低-高的趋势。     

Quantitative dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass Morone saxatilis

Two feeding trials of 8 and 10 weeks each were conducted to quantify the dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Diets in both experiments contained approximately 420 g crude protein kg^–1 and 13.4 MJ digestible energy (DE) kg^?1. L ‐Lysine‐HCl was added to the basal diet to yield five and six treatments in the two experiments. Diets in the first experiment were determined to contain 9.2, 14.1, 14.6, 19.9 and 21.0 g available lysine kg^?1 on a dry‐matter basis. Diets in the second experiment were determined to contain 14.8, 18.1, 21.3, 24.5, 27.6 and 30.9 g available lysine kg^?1 on a dry‐matter basis. Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and apparent nitrogen utilization (ANU) were significantly (P < 0.05) improved by increasing dietary lysine concentrations to approximately 20 g kg^?1 of diet. Least‐squares regression analysis of weight gain and SGR in the first experiment indicated a minimum dietary lysine requirement of 20.1 ± 2 g kg^?1 dry diet. Least‐squares regression analysis of the same criteria measured in the second experiment yielded the following estimates of dietary lysine requirements (g kg^?1 dry diet): 19.8 ± 2.3 for weight gain, 21.7 ± 1.5 for SGR, 23.7 ± 3.5 for FCR and 18.6 ± 1.3 for ANU. From these results the minimum recommended dietary lysine requirement for optimal growth of juvenile striped bass is approximately 21 g kg^?1 dry diet which equates to 49 g kg^?1 dietary protein or 1.57 mg kJ^?1 DE. Although higher than that reported for hybrid striped bass, this requirement level is similar to those reported for many other fish species.