芷江县林地保护利用探讨

通过对芷江县林地保护利用现状进行分析,提出合理规划林地,做好长远征占用林地和补充林地规划,并对林地实行分区、分级加以管护,严格林地用途管制。     

广州石门国家森林公园维管植物资源调查

对广东省广州市石门国家森林公园维管植物资源进行调查,结果表明,石门国家森林公园共有维管植物181科599属1 096种,其中蕨类植物33科55属106种,裸子植物5科6属8种,被子植物143科538属982种。这些植物中,国家重点保护野生植物10种,珍稀濒危植物9种;药用植物717种,观赏植物377种,用材树种176种,纤维植物106种,油脂植物101种,水果植物83种,鞣料植物72种,有毒植物66种,饲料植物56种,芳香植物52种,农药植物43种,野菜植物41种,保健饮料植物32种,淀粉植物31种,染料植物23种,蜜源植物18种。并对石门森林公园植物资源的保护和利用提出建议。     

柴河林业局野生动物资源及其保护利用

文章通过柴河林业局野生动物资源现状,分析了保护管理工作存在主要问题,最后提出野生动物资源保护与合理利用的措施。     

伊犁绢蒿的生态学特性及利用和保护研究进展

伊犁绢蒿是菊科绢蒿属多年生超旱生半灌木,主要分布在北疆各山地山前砂砾质冲积平原、洪积扇到前山、低山丘陵区中,在新疆各类草地中有2个草地类、3个草地亚类、7个草地组和9个草地型,面积约600万hm2,是这些草地的建群种、优势种或主要伴生种。伊犁绢蒿解剖结构、电镜扫描结构、生理生态特性及种群遗传多样性均表明其具有较强的抗逆性(耐旱、耐热)和耐牧性;种子具有极强的吸水、保水性能,萌发迅速,发芽率较高。伊犁绢蒿构件特征、种群分布格局、幼苗分布格局、土壤种子库和繁殖分配格局的研究结果表明,其种群采取的是胁迫耐受对策,种群更新受到放牧、气候变化和空间尺度等因素的影响。伊犁绢蒿具有明显的中亚荒漠植物生长发育的节律性,与土壤水分密切相关,春秋2季形成产量高峰,夏季休眠,在利用上成为连接夏、冬牧场的时间与空间纽带。针对伊犁绢蒿草地退化严重的现状,从合理利用和生态恢复2个方面探讨其可持续管理的对策。     

我国草原法律体系的完善

草原在我国生态安全和农牧业发展中具有举足轻重的作用,加强草原立法,完善草原法律体系,保护建设和合理利用草原是我国草原工作的重中之重。本文主要分析我国草原法律体系的内容和存在的主要问题,提出了完善措施,以期为后续草原法律体系的完善提供依据。     

关于黑龙江省森林食品资源开发利用的思考

通过对黑龙江省森林食品资源及产业现状的优势分析,提出了森林食品产业发展的措施及建议,以期为促进森林食品资源的合理开发利用,调整森林食品产业结构,增加林区经济收入提供参考。     

牧草-鹅-鲜食葡萄循环生态种养模式的构建与实践

为了提高葡萄园资源利用率和综合效益,构建了牧草-鹅-鲜食葡萄循环生态种养体系。实践表明,在设施葡萄园推广套种牧草养鹅、鹅粪生产有机肥料、有机肥料种植葡萄和牧草等高效配套技术,取得了良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。实施牧草-鹅-鲜食葡萄循环生态种养是江苏沿海地区发展现代农业的一种有效生产模式。     

论酒泉市农作物秸秆资源饲料化利用的现实与前景

农作物秸秆资源具有重要的饲料价值,该文以酒泉市秸秆饲料化利用为切入点,探究农作物秸秆饲料化利用前景,为酒泉市构建生态循环农业和资源节约型社会提供新的视角和思路。     

The effects of feeding frequency on waiting time,milking frequency,cubicle and feeding fence utilization for cows in an automatic milking system

Abstract

In this trial, the effects of the forage feeding frequency on the waiting time prior to milking and the cowshed facility utilization by cows milked in an automatic milking unit (AMU) were studied. The feeding frequency was increased from two times per day to six times per day. It was found that the average waiting time per visit for cows using the AMU was reduced from 755 s to 351 s when the feeding frequency was increased. The daily number of visits (milking visit, failed milking visit and not qualified visit) to the AMU was not affected by the change in feeding frequency. It was also found that increasing the feeding frequency had a positive effect on utilization of the cowshed facilities, such as the occupation of the feeding fence, and on the cowshed facilities in the waiting area (cubicles) of the AMU.     

The effect of stocking rate and calving date on grass production,utilization and nutritive value of the sward during the grazing season

A 2‐year whole‐farm system study compared the accumulation, utilization and nutritive value of grass in spring‐calving grass‐based systems differing in stocking rate (SR) and calving date (CD). Six treatments (systems) were compared over two complete grazing seasons. Stocking rates used in the study were low (2·5 cows ha^?1), medium (2·9 cows ha^?1) and high (3·3 cows ha^?1), respectively, and mean CDs were 12 February (early) and 25 February (late). Each system had its own farmlet of eighteen paddocks and one herd that remained on the same farmlet area for the duration of the study. Stocking rate had a small effect on total herbage accumulation (11 860 kg DM ha^?1 year^?1), but had no effect on total herbage utilization (11 700 kg DM ha^?1 year^?1). Milk and milk solids (MS; fat + protein) production per ha increased by 2580 and 196 kg ha^?1 as SR increased from 2·5 to 3·3 cows ha^?1. Milk production per ha and net herbage accumulation and utilization were unaffected by CD. Winter feed production was reduced as SR increased. Increased SR, associated with increased grazing severity, resulted in swards of increased leaf content and nutritive value. The results indicate that, although associated with increased milk production per ha, grazed grass utilization and improved sward nutritive value, the potential benefits of increased SR on Irish dairy farms can only be realized if the average level of herbage production and utilization is increased.