Protein Phosphorylation and Protein Patterns in Developing Endosperms of Barley

The SDS-soluble protein-fractions of barley endosperms (2 and 3 weeks after anthesis) were compared using 1-D SDS-PAGE and 2-D IEF/SDS-PAGE. Similar procedures have been followed after in vivo phosphorylation of isolated endosperm with ³²PO₄.Protein patterns were similar when 1-D SDS-PAGE was used. On the other hand, 2-D IEF/SDS-PAGE revealed several major differences, the most important being the appearance of a major protein of Mr about 40,000 in the 3-weeks old endosperm. By contrast, the patterns of phosphorylated proteins, with both methods, were relatively simple. Only two phosphorylated bands showed up in the 3-weeks old endosperm: a highly labelled band of Mr about 65,000, and a band of about 75,000. In the case of 2-weeks old endosperm, where the phosphorylation was more active, these and several others were also labelled, but the Mr 75,000 band was labelled more intensely.     

日本设施果树的树形结构与光能利用研究进展

通过留学期间对日本设施果树树形结构与光能利用特性的调查分析与研究 ,结果表明 :日本设施果树的树形结构研究始终是围绕高光效、高质量、易管理这三个中心 ,生产上重点在推广单层薄叶幕结构的平棚树形 ,X形、H形、Y形和三主肋骨形及其改良形等高效优产树形已在不同果树上广泛应用。其中Y形非常适合乔木果树的集约化矮密植栽培 ,符合优质、高产、高效农业的发展方向 ,有广泛普及价值 ,未来可能成为除葡萄外多种果树的的通用树形。此类树形结构的突出特点是 :枝叶单层水平分布 ,叶幕薄 ,离地高 ,生态环境优越 ,通风透光好 ,病虫害少。结果均匀整齐 ,下垂果多。果实形正、色佳、味甜、质量好 ,商品档次高。树冠覆盖率和有效生产区高达10 0 %。枝叶生长缓和 ,树势容易控制 ,枝梢夏季管理省工。各器官生长发育状态与节奏好 ,长停交替按次有序 ,营养分配协调合理。而且作业空间大 ,机械行走方便。建议我国因地制宜研究选用     

针刺法防治玉环柚采前裂果的效应研究

对用针刺法防治玉环柚采前裂果的效应进行了研究，结果针刺损伤对减少玉环柚采前裂果效果明显，处理时期以果实膨大期为宜，冰冻切片观察，针刺后，果顶端白皮层增厚，刺痕细胞木质化程度显著增加，木质素沉积，周边细胞组织致密，机械强度相应增强。     

Character Associations Among Grain Yield, Biological Yield and Harvest Index

The harvest index Z is defined, for example for cereals, as the ratio between grain yield X and biological yield Y: Z = X/Y. In this paper the character associations among biological yield, grain yield and harvest index have been investigated theoretically by calculating the covariances and correlation coefficients between harvest index and grain yield and, additionally, between harvest index and biological yield. Explicit formulae are derived for these covariances and correlation coefficients and conclusions are derived and discussed. Many facts and relations among these characters which are well-known and frequently established by many experimental studies with quite different crops can be obtained and characterized by these theoretical investigations as necessary implications of the underlying statistical relationships.
Finally, all the theoretical studies and results are demonstrated and applied to a numerical example of winter-rapeseed data.     

The Influence of Genotype–Environment Interaction on the Grain Yields of 10 Pigeonpea Cultivars Grown in Kenya

To study the importance of the effects of genotype–environment interactions on the yield of pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.), 10 early-maturing genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a total of seven environments spread over five regions of Kenya between 1987 and 1988. Results indicated the presence of a substantial genotype–environment interaction effect on grain yield. The observed significant genotype–environment interaction effect is discussed in relation to its importance in pigeonpea grain yield evaluation studies. It is noted that the best genotype in one environment is not always so in other environments. Results from regression analysis indicated that this method of analysis is appropriate for describing the response of pigeonpea genotypes grown in a number of locations. Analysis of variance showed significant additive and multiplicative genotype–environment interaction effects. Only the first interaction principal component axis (IPCA) was found to be important in describing the multiplicative interaction effects. The additive main effects and multiplicative effects (AMMI) model allowed the partitioning of interaction variance into agronomically important sources (genotype groups), and the specific genotype × environment patterns that are the basis of these sources of variance were examined.     

籽粒苋籽实粉作为肉仔鸡日粮组分的营养价值评定

通过梯度饲养、消化代谢和比较屠宰试验,综合评定了籽粒苋籽实粉对星布罗(Star-bro)肉仔鸡的营养价值和对日粮氨基酸利用率的影响.结果测得籽粒苋籽实粉含可消化粗蛋白质132.75g/kg,表观代谢能13.44MJ/kg;日粮中纳入16％苋籽实粉,显著提高了氨基酸利用率和血浆游离赖氨酸、亮氨酸及甘氨酸浓度,日粮粗蛋白质和能量代谢率分别提高6.91％和5.33％,日粮中营养物质转化为胴体蛋白质、脂肪的效率及料肉比均得到改善.     

金樱子果生长发育期维生素C等物质变化研究

对金樱子果生长发育期维生素C等物质进行分析测定,结果表明,其维生素C及可溶性糖含量均于10月中旬达到高峰,是适宜的采收期;长果型金樱子的VC含量及可食部分比例均为最高,属优良类型;随着果实成熟度增加,其呼吸强度及酶活性逐步下降,表明其生理代谢发生由强而弱的变化,根据上述结果,对开发利用金樱子提出了若干建议。     

Effects of Late Nitrogen Application on Nitrogen Translocation and Protein Fractions of Wheat Genotypes Differing in Protein Content

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＬａｔｅＮｉｔｒｏｇｅｎＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｎＮｉｔｒｏｇｅｎＴｒａｎｓｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＰｒｏｔｅｉｎＦｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＷｈｅａｔＧｅｎｏｔｙｐｅｓＤｉｆｆｅｒｉｎｇｉｎＰｒｏｔｅｉｎＣｏｎｔｅｎｔＬｉｕＸｉａｏｂｉｎ...     

果树小叶病发生原因及小叶病果园综合管理措施

小叶病是果树普遍发生的一种生理性病害，主要是由于土壤缺锌以及树体内锌和磷的营养比例失调所致。小叶病严重影响果树的生长发育、产量和品质的提高。介绍了苹果、桃、葡萄、核桃、梨等果树的小叶病症状，并论述了小叶病发生的原因，提出了小叶病果园的综合管理措施，即应在改良土壤、增施有机肥的基础上，通过增施锌肥、合理浇灌、适当修剪来根治果树小叶病。