淹水对水稻乳苗撒播成苗的影响

不同灌溉方式下水稻乳苗撒播成苗情况研究结果表明,无水层带泥浆撒播处理,根系发育与茎叶生长比较协调,成苗率迭90．7％,秧苗综合性状好于其他处理,是水稻乳苗抛秧的首选方式;淹水48h后落干处理,有利于发根和扎根立苗,成苗率达92．7％,秧苗综合性状较好,是水稻乳苗抛秧应采用的第2种方式。     

六盘山地区气候因子对树木年轮生长的影响

为研究干旱半干旱地区气候因子对树木生长的影响,以六盘山地区4个主要树种(落叶松、白桦、椴树、辽东栎)为研究对象,在树干解析的基础上,依据年轮指数,采用相关函数和响应面函数分析了树木生长与气候因子的关系.结果表明:六盘山地区不同树木的生长趋势存在差异,对环境因子的敏感度较高;树木生长受制于生长期的2个气候因子--温度和降水.其中降水和树木生长呈正相关,随着降水量的增加,树木生长量也随之增加;一定程度的高温会促进树木生长,但高温少雨会抑制树木生长.在温度适宜树木生长的条件下,温度和降水这2个气候因子,在某种程度上可以认为是通过对土壤含水量的制约,从而影响树木的生长速度.     

粘胶涂干防治榆紫叶甲试验

为了阻止榆紫叶甲成虫上树为害,采用无毒粘胶涂干方法对害虫进行了防治试验,并与采用无公害农药——触破进行涂毒环和直接喷洒百虫杀两种防治方法的效果进行了比较。结果显示:粘胶涂干法的防治效果最好,其防治率可达90%以上,明显高于涂毒环的防治率(32.63%)和喷药的防治率(68.90%);且粘胶涂干法的有效防治期长,在整个春季对越冬代成虫都有持续的阻隔上树作用;涂粘胶的最佳宽度为5cm,其防治率可达89.57%。     

南京市不同环境树木年轮重金属元素含量对比分析

[目的]弄清南京市城市主干道重金属元素污染状况的动态变化,为南京市环境重金属元素污染防治提供科学依据。[方法]对南京市区主要城市干道行道树和作为对照组的南京林业大学校园内的雪松、法国梧桐和水杉3个对应树种树木年轮重金属元素Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Eb、Ti、Zn含量进行了测试和对比分析。[结果]分析发现,自20世纪60年代以来,南京市行道树年轮重金属元素含量均呈现出明显的上升趋势,且上升速度在近几个年轮段时期内明显加快。对比还发现,校园组树木年轮重金属元素含量明显低于行道树组,且上升速度大大低于行道树组,甚至校园组某些元素含量随时间无明显的上升趋势。这说明南京市交通主干道的重金属元素污染程度和污染的上升速度明显高于非交通干道区域,这一快速上升的特点与南京市机动车拥有量快速增长相一致。[结论]研究得出,机动车暴发式增长是造成南京市主干道重金属元素污染的主要原因。     

耐辐射球菌抑菌圈试验过程中出现的问题与分析

[目的]分析耐辐射球菌抑菌圈试验过程中出现的问题并提出解决方法。[方法]采用已发表的基因组序列作参考,对来自于耐辐射球菌的所有菌株均用TCY培养基或者TGY平板在30℃条件下进行培养,参照Debabrota等的方法进行抑菌茵圈试验,所用突变体源于以前的试验。[结果]分析认为,在做耐辐射球菌抑菌圈试验的过程中,首先需要注意的是严格灭菌,每次重新拿到超净工作台上的离心管和钢圈都要进行严格的灭菌处理。试验前对上清液要进行高速离心,以防止在上清液中混有菌体,从而造成结果不准确。最好在进行抑菌圈试验以前,先对上清液中是否含有菌体做一个前期试验,以免造成后面不必要的麻烦。[结论]该研究所提出的解决方法对做好以后的试验具有借鉴意义.     

气缸套变形与活塞环摩擦功关系的研究

为了降低发动机摩擦损失,提高机械效率,重点研究缸套变形对活塞环与气缸套摩擦副的影响。首先,对两种不同状态的缸套进行有限元分析,找出缸套变形规律;然后,根据这些规律计算出活塞环与缸套润滑表面的油膜压力和油膜厚度;最后,将计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证了该方法的正确性。研究结果表明,缸套变形的椭圆度直接影响摩擦功和机油消耗率的大小。     

豇豆轮纹病病原鉴定及其室内药剂筛选

从海南三亚豇豆设施棚内采集具典型轮纹病病斑的豇豆叶片,采用组织分离法分离到1株致病菌,根据病害症状特点、病原菌形态特征、培养性状、ITS序列分析,鉴定豇豆轮纹病的病原菌为多主棒孢霉[Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curst.) Wei];利用生长速率法,对12种药剂进行室内筛选,结果表明：10%苯醚甲环唑(WP,可湿性粉剂)和50%异菌脲(WP)对病原菌具有强烈抑制作用,其EC50分别为2.709 46和9.093 27 mg/L,而75%百菌清(WP)和50%多菌灵(W     

环鄱阳湖地区生态旅游开发研究

分析了环鄱阳湖地区生态旅游开发的优势以及鄱阳湖旅游业的发展现状,并在此基础上提出了环鄱阳湖地区生态旅游开发的对策。     

Automatic counting of annual rings on Pinus sylvestris end faces in sawmill industry

One of the essential requirements of current agricultural practice is the need to evolve towards crop techniques that make better use of productive factors behaving in sustainable and environmentally respectful ways. Pest control is one of the most important problems to take into account, due to the significant production losses that pests may cause. The Integrated Production for olive crop defines a set of rules that has to be followed in order to ensure a production of higher quality, and promotes an environmentally respectful model of Olive cultivation. This work presents SAIFA (spanish acronym for Sistema de Alerta e Información Fitosanitaria Andaluz - Andalusian Phitosanitary Information and Alert System) a web-based information system which allows monitoring the Integrated Production for the olive crop in Andalusia, Spain. SAIFA has been built as a tool to assist agricultural technicians to comply with the quality standards of Integrated Production, and to help decision makers to choose the actions to be performed in the crop. Also, it assists coordinators to choose an Integrated Production strategy applicable for the whole region with the main objective of ensuring the safety of crops and reporting the current phitosanitary state to the authorities.     

Factors influencing the association between active ingredient and adjuvant in the leaf deposit of adjuvant-containing suspoemulsion formulations

BACKGROUND: For an oil adjuvant to enhance uptake of a particulate active ingredient (AI), it is hypothesised that closer association between the two should result in higher uptake. Accordingly, factors important for the spray deposit size on grapevine leaves have been investigated for a series of model suspoemulsion formulations containing colloidal crystalline AI or fluorescent pigment particles and an emulsion of an oil adjuvant with different degrees of wetting and different spray volumes. RESULTS: Low spray volumes (<100 L ha(-1)) produced small deposits with high particle-adjuvant association. Complementary uptake studies showed increased uptake with decreasing deposit size, in agreement with the above hypothesis. Higher spray volumes produced larger deposits that consisted of annuli formed by pinning of the contact line by particles. Low surfactant concentrations favoured particles in the annulus and adjuvant separated in the centre. Intermediate surfactant concentrations produced annuli containing both particles and adjuvant, while with high surfactant concentrations the deposits were large with few annuli.CONCLUSIONS: Small deposits result in high AI-adjuvant association. With larger deposits, annulus structures allow for enhanced AI-adjuvant association (5-20 times greater). The formation of annuli appears to be important in enhancing the biodelivery of particulate AIs in adjuvant-containing suspoemulsion formulations at intermediate spray volumes.