磷化铝仓外投药环流熏蒸杀虫试验

在仓房具有良好密闭条件和地上笼机械通风设施的前提下，将磷化铝药剂施入固定隧道式装置中进行环流熏蒸。试验表明：采用此种方法，能加速磷化氢气体的渗透和在粮堆各部位的均匀分布，获得了较好的杀虫效果，对操作人员安全，节约了费用。     

农业绿色发展长期固定观测试验数据平台设计与开发

[目的]农业绿色发展已成为我国乃至全球可持续发展的重大战略方向,建立集长期观测、科学研究、试验示范和决策支撑为一体的农业绿色发展固定观测体系,有利于积累农业绿色发展的第一手资料、分析农业生产发展与生态环境变化间的规律、总结农业绿色发展模式、提高农产品全供应链绿色服务能力.[方法]文章针对农业绿色发展数据支撑体系中存在的...     

中国湖南省主要水稻土类型的氨固定

The contents, affecting factors, seasonal changes and availability of fixed ammonium in major types ofpaddy soils derived from different parent materials in Hunan Province, China, were studied using the Silva-Bremner method by laboratory and pot experiments. Results showed that the content of fixed ammoniumin the plough horizons ranged from 88.3 mg kg-1 to 388.1 mg kg-1, with 273.2 ± 77.7 mg kg-1 on average,accounting for 11.2% of total soil N on average. Content of fixed ammonium decreased in the order of newlylacustrine clayey paddy soil ＞ alluvial sandy paddy soil ＞ purple clayey paddy soil ＞ newly alluvial sandypaddy soil ＞ yellow clayey paddy soil ＞ reddish-yellow clayey paddy soil ＞ granitic sandy paddy soil. Therewere four distribution patterns of fixed ammonium in the profiles to 1-m depth, i.e., increase with the depth,decrease with increasing depth, no distinct change with the depth, and abrupt increase or decrease in somehorizon. Percentage of fixed ammonium in total N increased with the depth in most of the soils. Fixationof NH4+ by soil was higher at 30 ℃ than at 20 ℃ and 40 ℃, and continuous submergence benefited thefixation of NH4+ in newly alluvial sandy paddy soil, purple clayey paddy soil and alluvial sandy paddy soil,while alternating wetting and drying contributed to the fixation of NH4+ in yellow clayey paddy soil mostly.Fixed ammonium content in the test paddy soils was significantly correlated with ＜ 0.01 mm clay content(P ＜ 0.05), but not with ＜ 0.001 mm clay content, total N, organic N and organic matter. Fixed ammoniumcontent varied with rice growth stages. Application of N fertilizer promoted fixation of NH4+ by soil, and Nuptake by rice plant promoted release of fixed ammonium from the soil. Recently fixed ammonium in paddysoil after N fertilizer application was nearly 100% available to rice plant, while native fixed ammonium wasonly partly available, varying with the soil type and rice type.     

农业保险面源污染治理效应的理论逻辑与实证检验

我国30个省份2007—2019年面板数据的固定效应和中介效应实证检验表明：农业保险是影响化肥施用的重要因素；农业保险对化肥减量施用具有显著的总效应和总间接效应，且农业保险对化肥减施主要发挥间接作用；农业保险对化肥减施存在显著的规模效应和结构效应，说明农业保险不仅可以引导规模经营、调整种植结构，而且可以通过中介效应来减少化肥施用，而收入效应表现为减量但不显著。建议在坚持"保主粮"为主、兼具"保特色"的承保方针基础上，通过加强对规模经营主体的保费补贴力度、提高保障水平、转变财政支农方式等措施加强农业保险推动农业面源污染治理。