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11.
浅析真空转鼓过滤机的过滤效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍大庆石化公司硫氰酸钠回收装置真空转鼓过滤机的结构及工作原理,重点讨论影响过滤效果的主要因素,针对进料、预涂效果和真空度等方面的影响,提出所采取的措施,来保证真空转鼓过滤机的过滤效果。 相似文献
12.
玉米收获机低损变径脱粒滚筒设计与试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对华北地区玉米收获时籽粒含水率较高、籽粒直收破碎率较高的问题,设计了一种变径脱粒滚筒。滚筒前端直径渐变增大直至与脱粒分离段等径,通过提高滚筒变径段果穗容纳能力,增强果穗之间柔性接触,有效“松散”籽粒之间及籽粒-芯轴之间作用力,使果穗更易于脱粒,从而实现籽粒与芯轴的快速分离,有效提高了脱粒速度,降低了籽粒破碎率。对果穗与脱粒元件受力进行分析,研究变径段锥度对果穗受力的影响。基于动力学仿真试验,分析了果穗与脱粒元件之间的接触力以及果穗-果穗和果穗-脱粒装置之间的接触频次,结果表明,变径滚筒提高了果穗之间的接触频次,降低了脱粒元件与果穗的直接接触,即变径滚筒中果穗之间接触揉搓作用更强。以滚筒转速、凹板间隙及籽粒含水率为试验因素进行了三因素四水平正交试验,确定最优组合为籽粒含水率26%、滚筒转速350 r/min、凹板间隙50 mm,此时籽粒破碎率为4.13%、籽粒未脱净率为0.34%。在籽粒含水率为27%时与等径滚筒进行了对比脱粒试验,按籽粒的完整性将破损籽粒分为全碎籽粒、裂纹籽粒、破皮籽粒及顶部破碎籽粒,结果表明,变径滚筒的籽粒总破碎率为4.64%,比等径滚筒的总破碎率降低19.16%,破损籽粒中全碎籽粒、裂纹籽粒及破碎籽粒所占比例均明显降低;变径滚筒未脱净率为0.42%,比等径滚筒的未脱净率降低51.72%,证明变径滚筒能够有效降低籽粒破碎率及未脱净率。 相似文献
13.
Eric Saillant Liang Ma Xiaoxue Wang Delbert M Gatlin III & John R Gold 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(8):781-788
Heritability of juvenile growth rate was estimated for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), an economically important sciaenid fish in the southern USA. Thirty‐eight families were generated via ‘natural’ spawning of multiple sets of five breeders (three dams × two sires) in individual brood tanks. Offspring were individually tagged with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags and mixed for grow‐out in replicate ‘common‐garden’ tanks. Juvenile growth was followed from 166.4±18.6 to 254.0±27.0 mm (total length). Offspring were assigned a posteriori to individual brood fish (dam and sire) based on genotypes at nuclear‐encoded microsatellites. Heritability (h2) of a thermal growth coefficient was estimated using an animal‐additive model and a restricted maximum‐likelihood algorithm. Estimates of h2 were 0.33±0.08 and 0.31±0.08 for thermal growth coefficient based on length and weight respectively. These results indicate a significant genetic component in juvenile growth rate in red drum. Estimates of h2 for condition coefficient (K) at various measurement dates averaged 0.38, suggesting a genetic component to shape in juvenile red drum. 相似文献
14.
Peng Li Gary S Burr Jonathan Goff Kasey W Whiteman Kenneth B Davis Robert R Vega William H Neill & Delbert M Gatlin III 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(11):1120-1127
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with brewers yeast (Brewtech®) and nucleotides (Optimûn), either singularly or in combination, on red drum growth, body composition, stress responses and possible resistance to Amyloodinium ocellatum infection. Juvenile red drum (~1 g initially) fed practical fish‐meal‐based diets for 6 weeks had similar weight gain regardless of whether the diet was unsupplemented (basal) or supplemented with brewers yeast (2% of diet), nucleotides (Optimûn at 0.2% of diet) or both brewers yeast (2% of diet) and nucleotides (Optimûn at 0.2% of diet). Dietary effects on hepatosomatic index, intraperitoneal fat ratio or whole‐body composition were not significant, except that fish fed the singular nucleotide supplement had a significantly higher whole‐body lipid content compared with fish fed the basal diet. No significant dietary effects on cortisol response were observed after a 15 min confinement stress test perhaps because of the extreme variation among individual fish. Subsequently, in situ challenge by co‐habitation with A. ocellatum caused 100% mortality regardless of dietary treatment within a 48 h period. It is concluded that dietary supplementation of brewers yeast and nucleotides did not promote enhanced growth or improved cortisol response and resistance to uncontrolled amyloodiniosis in juvenile red drum, at least at the tested dosages. 相似文献
15.
Steroid profiles of cultured and captive red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus L.) were investigated to evaluate the potential use of circulating sex steroid levels as a tool for gender identification in this species. Cultured 18‐month‐old fish were maintained on a 120‐day shortened photothermal cycle to induce precocious maturation. Additionally, wild‐caught fish were maintained in captivity under simulated natural photothermal conditions from late spring to early fall. Circulating 11‐ketotestosterone (11‐KT) levels were significantly higher in males compared with females during the early stages of gonadal growth in both cultured and captive fish. Plasma testosterone (T) levels showed a similar trend; however, the differences were significant only when males were already producing sperm. 17β‐estradiol (E2) concentrations were low in males and females before gonadal recrudescence but increased significantly with the progression of vitellogenesis in females. These results show that a test using a minimum concentration of circulating 11‐KT could be developed to differentiate between sexes in the early stages of gonadal maturation in red drum. Moreover, plasma E2 concentrations could be used to identify vitellogenic females. The two steroids considered together could help avoid possible error in gender identification due to unusually high levels of certain steroids encountered in some individuals. 相似文献
16.
HaeYoung Lee Moon Duncan S. MacKenzie Delbert M. Gatlin III 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1994,12(5):369-380
Four separate 8-week feeding trials were conducted to assess the effects of supplementing semipurified diets with either triiodothyronine
(T3) or thyroxine (T4) at 0, 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg on growth and body composition of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) held in artificial brackish water (6‰) and artificial seawater (32‰). At both levels of salinity, increasing doses of T3 resulted in fish with reduced weight gain, feed efficiency, condition factor (weight × 100/length3), and muscle ratio (muscle weight × 100/body weight), as well as a lighter body color. Significant (p < 0.05) effects of
T3 on the proximate composition of whole body, liver, and muscle were variable, generally reflecting decreased lipid and protein
storage in liver and muscle, respectively. The two highest doses of T3 given to seawater adapted fish increased survival. Dietary T4 supplementation had no distinctive effects on appearance, growth or proximate body composition. These results indicate that
whereas T3 may function to regulate protein and lipid metabolism in red drum, dietary supplementation with T3 leads to a hyperthyroidism-induced catabolic state. The elevated endogenous thyroid hormone levels found in fish fed optimal
diets may thus adequately supply tissue needs during juvenile growth. 相似文献
17.
This study evaluated various by‐catch and by‐product meals of marine origin with red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus L.). Four different kinds of by‐catch or by‐product meals [shrimp by‐catch meal from shrimp trawling, Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)) processing waste meal, red salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum)) head meal, and Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus (Ayres)) meal] were substituted for Special Select? menhaden fish meal at 33% or 67% of crude protein in diets formulated to contain 40% crude protein, 12% lipid, and 14.6 kJ digestible energy g?1. Each of these diets and three additional diets consisting of shrimp processing waste meal formulated on a digestible‐protein basis and two Pacific whiting diets containing reduced levels of ash were also evaluated in two 6‐week feeding trials with juvenile red drum (initial weight of 4–5 and 1–2 g fish?1 in trials 1 and 2). Red drum fed by‐catch meal at either level of substitution performed as well as fish fed the control diet; whereas, fish fed shrimp processing waste meal diets had significantly (P≤0.05) reduced weight gain and feed efficiency ratio values compared with the controls, even when fed on a digestible‐protein basis. The diets containing Pacific whiting at either levels of substitution and regardless of ash level supported similar performance of red drum as those fed the control diet. Fish fed the red salmon head meal diet fared poorly, probably owing to an excessive amount of lipid in the diet that became rancid. Overall, by‐catch meal associated with shrimp trawling and Pacific whiting appear to be suitable protein feedstuffs for red drum. 相似文献
18.
Effect of triploidy on quality traits of shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.) until the second rearing year
Severino Segato Luca Fasolato Daniela Bertotto Angelo Libertini Stefania Balzan Adolfo Corato & Enrico Novelli 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(1):59-65
Carcass and flesh morphometric, reological and chemical traits of triploid (3n) and diploid (2n) shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.) were evaluated through 7 months. Three age groups, 17‐, 21‐ and 24‐month‐old fish, were investigated. The effects of ploidy were statistically evaluated and the weight of fish was included in the model as a covariate because triploids grew less than diploids. As expected, fish weight was found to be significantly correlated with all the investigated morphometric traits, but showed a negative correlation with some chemical (pH) and colour traits (lightness) of raw fillet. In comparison with controls, triploid shi drums were characterized by different morphological traits that involved a slender body shape. In triploids, a reduction in condition factor, backbone weight, dressing index and an increase in the agility index were also recorded. When the commercial size (i.e. over 300 g) was achieved, triploids exhibited larger coelomatic and fillet (dorsal white muscle) fat deposition than diploids. Among reological traits, colour and texture were affected by ploidy; raw fillet lightness and cooked flesh tenderness were higher among triploids in all the investigated age groups. As fish were fed with a restricted feeding regimen, fillet fat deposition was supposed to be limited. Thus, the effects of ploidy on reological traits may be only partially explained by lipid fillet amount and are supposed to be more related to different fibre muscle architecture. 相似文献
19.
联合运输机设计忽视的因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
联合运输机组的滚筒出河机在设计,试验研究过程中都忽视了原木重心与原木形心位置不一致的因素。它促使较在径级原木在滚筒出河机上打横,造成停机。 相似文献
20.
解决动力偏低是小动力拖拉机配套联收机的关键问题,为寻求降低脱粒、分离部件功耗的途径,本研究设计了专用试验台架,用正交试验法,就脱粒滚筒的结构、工作参数优化等问题,进行了两年的室内试验。结果表明,当喂入量在0.75kg/s时,脱粒、清选全部功耗可控制在4.4kW以下。文中对根据试验结果研制的飞龙-0.75联收机的功耗、性能、田间实测情况也作了简要介绍。 相似文献