石塘镇牛品改工作现状及整改措施

据笔者在石塘镇水产畜牧兽医站工作十余年,本文对石塘镇牛品改工作存在的问题及整改措施进行了分析,只有剖析与解决了制约牛品改工作发展的不利因素,才能促进石塘镇牛品改工作的顺利发展,提高广大养殖户的经济收入。     

地衣芽孢杆菌De株对黄鳍鲷生长及其养殖池塘主要环境因子的影响

运用综合对比分析法,对黄鳍鲷（Sparuslatus）养殖中定期泼洒地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus lichenformis）De的应用效果进行了探讨。结果表明,施用地衣芽孢杆菌De可在一定程度上优化水体环境和养殖生产性能,使养殖黄鳍鲷的成活率、体长增长率和体质量增长率分别提高18．2％、21．0％和312％;显著降低水中氨氮（NH3-N）、亚硝酸盐（NO2^-N）、活性磷酸盐（PO;一一P）质量浓度及底泥中有机碳的质量分数（P〈0．05）,其中养殖前、后期的底泥有机碳质量分数分别较对照组降低49．77％和22．63％,NO2^-N、PO4^3-P质量浓度则总体较对照组降低25．82％和41．00％,NH3-N质量浓度在养殖前、中和后期较对照组降低36．33％、18．10％和14．28％;水体中弧菌数量在养殖后期较对照组降低61．76％,底泥中的总异养细菌数量在养殖中、后期较对照组提高38．61％,整个养殖期间水体及底泥中的芽孢杆菌数量分别较对照组提高15．34％和26．37％。     

祁连山东段不同放牧强度下高原鼢鼠栖息地选择分析

本研究以祁连山东段高寒草甸栖息的高原鼢鼠为研究对象,探讨不同放牧强度下高原鼢鼠栖息地特征及选择因素,为合理控制草原鼠害及保护草地生物多样性提供科学依据。本研究选择4个不同放牧强度小区,调查每个小区的高原鼢鼠相对种群密度、土壤紧实度和容重、植物学组成、植物物种丰富度、地上生物量、可食牧草产量及各植物功能群产量,并分析高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与这些要素之间的关系。结果表明,放牧强度与高原鼢鼠相对种群密度有正相关关系但不显著(P>0.05),重度放牧区下高原鼢鼠相对种群密度最高,禁牧区高原鼢鼠相对种群密度最低;高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与土壤紧实度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与土壤容重和地上生物量呈负相关但不显著(P>0.05);高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与杂类草产量有正相关关系但不显著(P>0.05),与可食牧草产量、禾草产量和物种丰富度有负相关关系但不显著(P>0.05);多元线性回归方程表明影响高原鼢鼠栖息地选择的主要因素是土壤紧实度(Y=205.36-0.145X₁,X₁为土壤紧实度)。     

Utilization of electron beam irradiated Jatropha kernel meal in the diet of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

Defatted Jatropha kernel meal (DJKM) was irradiated through electron beam radiation at 25 kGy (IJKM). After irradiation, PEs and phytate were decreased by 36.67% and 55.27%, respectively, with slight reduction in total hydrolysed amino acids in IJKM. A 45‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the utilization of irradiated Jatropha kernel meal (IJKM) in the diet of rohu (Labeo rohita) fingerlings. Five isonitrogenous (300 g/kg CP) and isoenergetic (15 MJ/kg GE) diets such as T0 (control, without IJKM), T5 (50 g/kg IJKM), T10 (100 g/kg IJKM), T15 (150 g/kg IJKM) and T20 (200 g/kg IJKM) were prepared and fed to fish of respective treatments. Fish fed diets containing T15 and T20 groups exhibited significantly lower (p < .05) weight gain, FCE, PER, ANPU, HSI, ISI, survival rate, nutrient and energy digestibility, than the other groups. Fish of higher IJKM fed groups (T15 and T20) also showed lower muscle moisture, protein, ash and higher muscle lipid content. The liver catalase and SOD activities significantly decreased in the higher IJKM fed groups. It is concluded that IJKM (irradiated by 25 kGy electron beam) can be incorporated up to 100 g/kg in carp feed with the replacement of 33% soybean meal and 28% ground nut oil cake without compromising growth performances of Labeo rohita.     

Genetic Analysis of Fruit Body Color in a Hybrid Strain of Flammulina velutipes

A series of hybrid Flammulina velutipes dikaryons were obtained by crossing yellow and white monokaryons.The color of fruit bodies generated from these dikaryons,and the ratio between dark-colored stipe regions and the entire stipe of individual fruit bodies,were determined.Our data suggest that the expression of fruit body color in the hybrid dikaryons was under the control of factors present in both the white and yellow parent monokaryons,and that multiple alleles exist in both white and yellow color-controlling factors.     

辣椒疫病发病主导因素及综合防治技术研究

通过3a在多年辣椒重茬地的田间试验及调查研究,基本明确了辣椒疫病发生与灌水方法、栽培方式、降水、中心病株的出现等主导因素的关系。提出了栽培防病、化学治疗的综防技术,达到控病增产的目的。     

四川地震灾区农村劳动力非农就业影响因素分析——基于四川省5县23个村的问卷调查

基于对地震灾区5个县23个村的问卷调查,建立Probit模型深入探析了灾区农村劳动力非农就业倾向和就业途径选择的影响因素。研究结果表明,年龄的增长降低了灾区农村劳动力从事非农就业尤其是外出务工的可能性;文化程度越高者非农就业的可能性越大,且更倾向于留在本地就业;拥有技能和培训经历、社会关系网络发达的灾区农村劳动力通常选择外出务工;此外,家庭劳动力越多、非农收入比重越高、实际经营农地面积越少,地区非农产业发展水平越高的灾区农村劳动力非农就业可能性越大。     

青海高原东部农业区建设用地扩张驱动力分析

利用土地利用现状调查与变更调查统计数据,结合历年统计年鉴的社会经济数据,分析了青海高原东部农业区1996-2005年建设用地扩张过程与特点,定量分析建设用地变化的驱动因素。研究结果表明：建设用地的外延扩张迅速,非农建设占用耕地的现象较为突出。各类社会经济驱动因素中,逐步上升的二三产业比重、不断增长的人口压力和城镇化水平...     

胰岛素样生长因子及其受体mRNAs在绵羊生殖系统中的表达和分布

为检测胰岛素样生长因子（IGFs）及其受体（IGFR）mRNAs在绵羊发情周期早期卵巢、子宫和输卵管中的表达,探讨绵羊胚胎早期发育过程中其发育环境——生殖道中生长因子的表达、分泌及其作用,取绵羊发情周期早期卵巢、子宫和输卵管,经固定、切片、免疫染色,观察IGFs mRNAs的表达和分布情况。同时用RT-PCR技术研究了各组织中IGF-Ⅰ、IGF-Ⅱ、IGF-ⅠR、IGF-ⅡR mRNAs的表达情况。结果表明,IGFs mRNAs在绵羊发情周期早期的卵巢、子宫和输卵管中都有表达,4种因子表达模式相似：在卵巢中,IGFs主要定位于卵泡颗粒细胞,间质细胞亦有少量表达。在输卵管中,上皮细胞免疫染色呈阳性;在子宫中,腺细胞及上皮细胞的阳性信号强于固有层。RT-PCR检测表明IGFs mRNAs在3种组织中均有表达。     

Karanj protein isolate prepared from karanj seed cake: Effect on growth,body composition and physiometabolic responses in Labeo rohita fingerlings

A protein isolate was prepared from karanj seed (KPI) with 921.2 g protein/kg seed, which contained a negligible amount of anti‐nutritional factors and a balanced amino acid composition, especially rich in methionine. For 60‐day feeding trial, five isonitrogenous (300 g/kg CP) and isocaloric (15 MJ DE/kg) diets were formulated by replacing soybean protein isolate (SPI) on protein equivalent basis, KPI‐0 (control, 0 g/kg KPI); KPI‐25 (replacing 250 g/kg SPI protein with KPI); KPI‐50 (replacing 500 g/kg SPI protein with KPI); KPI‐75 (replacing 750 g/kg SPI protein with KPI) and KPI‐100 (replacing 1,000 g/kg SPI protein with KPI) for the feeding of L. rohita. The weight gain percentage, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were not significantly (p > .05) varied among the KPI fed and control groups. A significantly higher hepatosomatic index was recorded in the control and KPI‐25 groups compared with other groups. The whole‐body compositions, except ether extract, did not differ significantly (p > .05) among the groups. Digestive (amylase, protease, lipase and alkaline phosphatase) and metabolic enzyme activities (hexokinase, transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase) and glycogen stores were not significantly affected, whereas intestinal alkaline phosphatase differed significantly (p < .05). The RNA–DNA ratio was significantly (p < .05) higher in the KPI‐75 group. Thus, the study revealed that KPI can completely replace SPI protein at 191 g/kg inclusion level in the diets of L. rohita fingerlings.