连续式弹簧刷去鳞机的研制与试验

为了满足淡水鱼批量去鳞加工的需要,以前期对去鳞方法的研究结果为依据,经过方案论证,研制出了连续式弹簧刷淡水鱼去鳞机。该设备首次将弹簧去鳞刷应用于去鳞设备中,采用了两对压辊和去鳞辊组合的设计方案,实现了连续式的去鳞加工。对体长500 mm的鲢鱼去鳞,其理论生产率达到2 941尾/h,理论度电产量达到1 540尾/(kW.h)。去鳞效果试验结果表明,对鲢鱼的去鳞率平均值为61.7%,对鳊鱼为65.7%,对鲫鱼为72.2%。     

新疆阿勒泰地区阿勒泰羊毛绒品质分析

 对新疆阿勒泰地区富蕴县、福海县阿勒泰羊毛绒品质进行了分析,结果表明阿勒泰羊毛绒含绒率高,并且在细度、长度、色度等方面均比较优良,应加以合理的开发利用,并对今后阿勒泰羊育种提出了建议。     

The ACVIM consensus statement definition of left ventricular enlargement in myxomatous mitral valve disease does not always represent left ventricular enlargement

ObjectiveTo determine how frequently the current criteria for left ventricular enlargement in dogs misclassify healthy dogs as having left ventricular enlargement; to examine the effect of breed on diastolic left ventricular normalized dimensions (LVIDDN); to propose appropriate scaling exponents and reference limits for dogs.AnimalsEchocardiographic data from 1,124 healthy adult dogs, including 454 dogs weighing <20 kg.MethodsWe calculated power regression parameters (allometric scaling), including exponents and proportionality constants, for various subsets of the dogs (all dogs, dogs < 20 kg, generic dogs, and individual breeds with >10 observations) and derived upper reference limits for LVIDDN. We determined the proportions of dogs that would be identified as having left ventricular enlargement with each regression model compared to previously published reference limits or guidelines. We then identified breeds failing to conform to generic dog models.ResultsThe American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine-recommended scaling exponent (0.294) and criterion for identifying left ventricular enlargement (1.7) identified >10% of apparently healthy dogs as having left ventricular enlargement, with specific breeds being misclassified up to 50% of the time. However, with a scaling exponent of 0.33, a constant of 1.7 represented a normal left ventricular size in 97.5% of healthy dogs in both generic and non-conforming breeds.ConclusionsLeft ventricular internal dimension in diastole normalized to bodyweight is breed-dependent. A constant of 1.7 with a scaling exponent of 0.294 does not always represent ventricular enlargement; a scaling exponent of 0.33, with breed-specific reference limits for breeds that fail to conform to allometric models of generic dogs, reduces the misclassification of healthy dogs as having left ventricular enlargement.     

大兴安岭林区伐区风倒风折原因探讨

大兴安岭是全国重点林区之一,素有"绿色宝库"之称。但是,由于40多年开发建设的采伐和自然灾害的影响,目前已经陷入资源枯竭境地,成熟林和过熟林资源所剩无几。分析认为,在现实调查设计规程和实际林木采伐过程中,由于对主伐的采伐强度限制过宽,从而造成"采一片,倒一片"的局面,资源浪费严重。同时为森林火灾和森林病虫害发生、发展和漫延创造了条件。建议林业法规制定部门,能够根据林业当前实际情况,结合林业生态发展战略,修改制定符合现代林业发展规律的法律法规,使森林资源最大限度得以保护。     

循环水结垢和腐蚀的机理及其控制

从理论上论述了循环水系统水垢的形成和水对循环系统的腐蚀机理，指出，当循环水系统普遍存在结垢时，由于水垢隔绝了金属与水的接触，腐蚀不会发生；而当水垢倾向于溶解时就会发生腐蚀，水垢的形成主要是由于循环水中含有碳酸钙。     

Field-simulator studies of insecticide resistance to dimethylcarbamates and pyrethroids conferred by metabolic- and target site-based mechanisms in peach-potato aphids,Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

A range of insecticides was applied at recommended application rates against populations of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) carrying various combinations of three insecticide resistance mechanisms (carboxylesterase-based metabolic resistance and two target-site mechanisms, known as MACE and kdr), supported on either Chinese cabbage or potatoes in field simulator cages. Patterns of response were similar on both host species. MACE conferred extreme resistance to pirimicarb and triazamate (dimethylcarbamate insecticides). The kdr mechanism was associated with resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin (pyrethroid insecticides). A mixture of pirimicarb plus lambda-cyhalothrin was only effective against M persicae not carrying kdr or carrying kdr and low carboxylesterase-based resistance. None of the insecticides tested was effective against M persicae carrying both MACE and kdr resistance. The implications of these findings for the formulation of control strategies, based on regular monitoring of resistance genotype frequencies, are discussed.     

绒山羊同期发情的药物处理方法

做好绒山羊秋季集中发情工作,有利于人工集中冻精配种,节约液氮用量和人力,提高养羊经济效益。重点介绍前列腺素法、促性腺激素法、孕酮与孕马血促性腺激素配合使用法、营养调控刺激法、公羊刺激法、光照刺激法等6种刺激方法的使用时间、方法、用量及效果,以使母羊较好地集中发情,提高配种受胎率。     

Occurrence of killer whales in Scottish inshore waters: temporal and spatial patterns relative to the distribution of declining harbour seal populations

• 1. Sightings of killer whales around Shetland were recorded between 1991 and 2006 and for the whole of Scotland for 2007. The data were used to investigate temporal patterns in killer whale occurrence around Shetland and spatial patterns in occurrence around Scotland.
• 2. There was a strong seasonal peak in sightings around Shetland during June–July, coinciding with the harbour seal pupping season.
• 3. There was no clear trend in annual sightings around Shetland between 1991 and 2006.
• 4. Killer whales were sighted most frequently around Shetland and the Pentland Firth as well as around Mull and the Treshnish Isles.
• 5. These findings are discussed in terms of potential impacts upon local declining harbour seal populations and future research requirements.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

作物气孔导度模型研究进展及应用现状

旨在为作物耗水和碳水交换相关研究的模型选择提供理论指导,本研究归纳了气孔导度对单一和综合环境因子的响应情况;对现有气孔导度模型进行了分类和比较,包括基于Jarvis模型建立和改进的经验模型、基于BWB模型建立和改进的半经验模型、基于ABA调控建立和改进的模型、基于保卫细胞膨压控制理论建立和改进的模型;并概述了气孔导度模型在作物水分利用研究领域的应用,以叶片气孔导度和冠层导度的定量关系为切入点建立多尺度联合的机理模型将是未来作物耗水尺度拓展研究的热点。