GVF Snake模型在木材表面缺陷分割的应用研究

针对木材表面存在纹理、凹凸结构、边缘颗粒和弱边缘等特点,对其直接运用Snake模型进行分割难以得到有效边缘提取,因此提出运用改进的GVF Snake模型和维纳滤波相结合对其进行分割。首先对木材图像进行维纳滤波使得纹理变得平缓,同时可以使得缺陷边缘得到有效保留,再对其进行GVF Snake模型分割。该算法对初始轮廓的选择敏感度降低,拓展性增强,可以使得轮廓曲线更加快速地收敛到缺陷边缘,避免陷入局部最优现象,提高对弱边缘和凹凸图像分割效果,分割结果更加清晰、连贯,具有良好的实时性。为木材表面缺陷的分割提供一种更为有效的方法,拓宽了snake模型的应用范围。     

人工神经网络在木材缺陷检测中的应用

采用射线作为检测手段，对木材进行无损检测。在无损检测信号处理和特征构造的基础上。运用特征参数建立了缺陷识别的数学模型，针对无损检测信号的特征，构造了人工神经网络。选用反向传播神经网络模型（BP网络），网络识别所需要的特征参数能够反映木材缺陷的全部特征。     

图像分割技术在木材表面缺陷识别中的应用

阐述了图像分割技术在图像处理及分析中重要意义,以及主要的图像分割技术。以木材表面缺陷为主要研究对象,利用微分算子边缘检测、最优迭代阈值分割及形态学方法针对具有代表性缺陷死节和虫眼进行分割处理。     

Locating and identifying sound knots and dead knots on sugi by the rule-based color vision system

Knowledge of the occurrence of sound and dead knots on the surface of sugi is important for the classification and application of the material. This study examined a color vision system for detecting sound and dead knots on sugi. The system can be conceptually divided into three components: a CCD-camera scanning system, an image-segmenting module, and a rule-based defect identifying module. The results showed that the potential defect regions could be located by Otsus threshold algorithm in conjunction with t-test analysis. The accuracies of locating sound knots and dead knots were 92.6% and 97.1%, respectively. The rule-based approach was used to identify sound and dead knots and the identifying accuracies for sound knots and dead knots were 92.0% and 94.1%, respectively. The overall detection accuracy of the system was 87.6%. The results indicated that the rule-based color vision system is an efficient means of detecting sound knots and dead knots on sugi.     

铁木豆干燥基准的初步研究

研究了铁木豆的干燥特性,根据干燥缺陷等级试验确定出了适合铁木豆的干燥基准,结果表明：铁木豆的主要干燥缺陷为初期开裂、截面变形,此外,铁木豆的初期开裂、截面变形、内部开裂、扭曲变形的等级分别为5、3、1、2级,铁木豆属于难干木材。     

天津地区荷斯坦公牛CVM、DUMPS和CN遗传缺陷检测

本文旨在研究天津地区中国荷斯坦公牛脊椎畸形综合征（Complex vertebral malformation,CVM）、尿苷酸合酶缺乏症（Deftciencv of uridine monophospham synchase,DUMPS）和瓜氨酸血症（Citrullinemia,CN）3种遗传缺陷的携带者比率及系谱来源。通过PIRA—PCR和PCR—RFLP方法分别对天津奶牛发展中心参加全国青年公牛联合后裔测定和国家良种补贴项目的110头荷斯坦公牛进行了CVM、DUMPS和CN三种遗传缺陷检测。共发现6头CVM隐性有害基因携带公牛,携带者比例为5．45％,隐性有害等位基因频率为2．72％。经过系谱分析,其中4头CVM携带者均为美国公牛Carlin—MIvanhoeBell的后代,另外2头因系谱不完整而无法查询。未检测到DuMPs和CN隐性有害基因携带者。基于此,我国有必要尽快建立荷斯坦牛隐性遗传缺陷监控体系并进行系谱标注,避免携带公牛进入后裔测定和良种补贴项目,以逐步降低我国奶牛群体中遗传缺陷隐性等位基因频率。     

杨木干燥研究综述

杨木是我国重要的速生林树种之一,但杨木在干燥过程中容易产生翘曲、皱缩、开裂等缺陷,严重影响了杨木干燥的质量和利用率。为了改善杨木干燥缺陷,从干燥基准、干燥工艺、干燥预处理和干燥方法等几方面,介绍了近年来我国杨木干燥研究的进展情况,这些研究为提高杨木干燥质量、减少杨木干燥缺陷提供了重要的理论依据。     

仿真教学在现阶段数控编程课程教学中的优缺点

文章依托仿真教学的方法对当前数控编程的课程教学进行探讨。介绍了现阶段数控编程教学中,如何有效利用仿真教学法的工具(仿真软件)对学生进行数控编程方面的教学,分析了此种方法在实际教学中的应用效果及存在的问题,并提出了相对应的解决方案,和大家共同探讨。     

木材干燥产生缺陷的预防措施及补救方法

缺陷对木材的加工及使用影响很大 ,本文对木材干燥产生的缺陷及产生的原因进行了探讨 ,提出干燥引起缺陷的预防措施。     

The Effects of Trypanosomosis on Sperm Morphology in Zebu×Friesian Crossbred Bulls

Detailed studies of sperm morphological abnormalities were carried out on 12 Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls used in a study of the effects of trypanosomosis. Four bulls were infected with T. vivax, another four with T. congolense, while four served as controls. The infected bulls developed chronic trypanosomosis. All the bulls initially had very low sperm morphological abnormalities that were within acceptable limits for fertile animals. After infection there was a rapid and progressive increase in all sperm abnormalities. Spermatozoa of infected bulls were highly deformed with multiple morphological defects. Mean percentage pre-infection baseline values prior to infection for acrosomal, sperm-head, detached heads, proximal cytoplasmic droplets, distal cytoplasmic droplets, sperm-tail, midpiece and total sperm morphological defects ranged between 0.1 +/- 0.1 for acrosomal and 8.3 +/- 3.2 for total morphological abnormalities in the semen of the bulls. All the infected bulls developed sperm morphological abnormalities of more than a mean of 40.0% from the 4th week after infection until the end of the investigation and were considered unfit for breeding. At 7 weeks post-infection (PI) until the end of the study (12 weeks PI), the controls had a mean of less than 5% sperm morphological defects, while the infected bulls had 100%. Mean percentage values of sperm morphological defects throughout the duration of the investigation for control bulls were low and within the normal range for fertile bulls. These values differed significantly (p<0.001) from the elevated values of the infected bulls. The results show that trypanosomosis due to T. vivax or T. congolense infection can render Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls unfit for breeding within a very short time. The resultant infertility could be of economic importance in trypanosomosis-endemic sub-Saharan Africa where Zebu x Friesian crossbred bulls are kept.