家猪1号染色体微卫星标记与背膘厚的相关性

为了定位家猪背膘厚在1号染色体上的数量性状位点（QTL），检测和分析了一个复杂家猪系1号染色体上8个微卫星位点的基因型及其与背膘厚的相关性，结果表明，S0113与背膘厚的相关极显著，SW974与背膘厚的相关程度也达到极显著水准，说明两上相邻的标记区域可能存在显著影响背膘厚的大效基因，其余6个微卫星标记位点与背膘厚的相关均不显著。     

日本小麦精选系统中粒径分选机的精选效果

日本现行小麦精选系统的精选效果 ,因收获期小麦受雨害的程度而异。针对精选系统中粒径分选机的适用性 ,连续 3年在收获期小麦遭受雨害程度不同的情况下 ,对小麦内部品质与粒径的变化关系进行研究分析。明确了粒径分选机的适用与否 ,取决于收获期小麦的受雨害程度     

利用F2和F3群体定位水稻粒形和千粒重QTL

水稻籽粒的粒长、粒宽和粒厚共同塑成了水稻粒形,并决定水稻籽粒的千粒重及外观品质,而千粒重是决定水稻产量三要素之一。本研究以籼型温敏核不育系广占63-4S为母本,以大粒籼稻TGMS29为父本杂交衍生的F2和F3群体,对影响水稻籽粒粒形和千粒重的数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci, QTL)进行定位。2014年和2015年检测到影响籽粒粒长的QTL 5个,粒宽QTL 8个,粒厚的QTL 4个,千粒重QTL 4个。其中,两年重复检测到2个粒长QTL,分别位于第1染色体RM1和RM490之间,可解释的表型变异为21.3%、22%,和第2染色体RM240和RM208之间,可解释的表型变异为12.8%、15.7%。两年均被检测到的粒宽QTL位于第3染色体RM251和RM571之间,可解释表型变异分别为53.60%、55.00%。两年均被检测到的千粒重QTL位于第1染色体RM220和RM1之间,可解释表型变异分别为15.1%、15.4%。这些QTLs的鉴定为稻米粒形和千粒重的遗传研究提供了帮助,也为稻米品质和产量的改良提供了宝贵的基因资源。     

Porosity and capillarity of weft knitted spacer structures

A geometrical model of weft knitted spacer structures made with mono-filament yarn has been analysed to understand the spacer yarn path. Theoretical models have been created to predict the porosity and the radius of the capillaries of a knitted spacer structure depending on their geometrical parameters, such as course spacing, wale spacing, stitch length, fabric thickness, count of yarn and fibre density. Polyester knitted spacer fabrics were produced with different parameters; their porosity was determined by measuring the weight and compared with the theoretical porosity. The validity of the model was confirmed by experimental results. The porosity of knitted spacer structures made out of mono-filament yarn can be maintained above a certain level by adjusting the fabric parameters such as fabric thickness, course spacing and wale spacing.     

粳稻品种的粒厚特征及其对食味品质的影响

 以2006年收获的71份北方粳稻主栽品种为试材,研究了糙米粒厚的分布及粒厚与食味品质的相关性。结果表明,品种间糙米粒厚差异较大,变异系数为6.57%,粒厚在1.81~2.10 mm的品种占参试品种总数的78.88％。糙米粒厚与米饭食味评分呈极显著正相关。用粒厚分级机对其中5个粳稻品种进行粒厚分级,测定同一品种不同粒厚样品的米饭食味评分值、蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量和RVA谱特征值。结果表明,粒厚对稻米蛋白质含量、RVA特征值、米饭食味评分等指标有显著影响,同一品种随着粒厚的增加,食味品质得到改善。讨论了粒厚作为品种选育指标的必要性。     

不同类型牛舍保温性能的研究

通过对3种不同结构及墙壁厚度的牛舍保温对比试验,对牛舍保温性能影响最大的是墙壁厚度,在舍外气温为-20℃的情况下,与墙壁厚度24、37和50cm相对应的舍内最低温度分别为-6.97、-2.03和5.57℃,极差达12.5℃,其作用强度占全部因子作用总和的59.78%;棚顶类型是第二因素,极差为5.67℃,其影响强度占27.05%,其中以塑料膜暖棚顶(夜间加保温层)的保温效果最好;试验误差的影响很小,只占全部因素总和的3.96%。经方差分析检验,墙壁厚度对畜舍保温性能的影响显著。     

不同净能水平日粮对育肥猪生长性能、背膘厚度及眼肌面积的影响

试验研究不同净能水平日粮对育肥猪生长、背膘及眼肌面积的影响.选择420头(38.5±0.5) kg丹系三元育肥猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复14头猪,公、母各半.试验A、B、C、D、E组饲粮净能水平分别为9.84、10.05、10.26、10.46和10.67MJ/kg,预试期7d,正式试验期97 d.结果 ...     

Morphological Basis of Resistance in Cotton to the WhiteflyBemisia Tabaci

The morphological basis of resistance to the whiteflyBemisia tabaci Genn. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) was studied. The plant characters examined were leaf area, thickness of leaf lamina, hair density, hair length, angle of insertion of leaf hair, and density of gossypol glands. Hair density and leaf thickness were positively correlated with the population ofB. tabaci, and a positive correlation was obtained between the adult whitefly population and gossypol glands on stem internodes. Cotton genotype USA-22 (sparsely hairy) was found to be more tolerant toB. tabaci than was genotype USA-13 (velvety hairy). The use of thinner and glabrous leaved cotton varieties is suggested to minimize the whitefly menace in cotton.     

Effects of pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, on development of the mealworm, Tenebrio molitor

Pyriproxyfen, an analog of the juvenile hormone (JH) in insects, has been evaluated in vivo and in vitro on an important stored product pest, the mealworm Tenebrio molitor. On newly ecdysed pupae, this insect growth regulator (IGR) was applied topically (at 0.10 and 0.20 μg/insect). Enzyme immunoassay measurements showed a decrease of the ecdysteroid titer in the hemolymph of treated specimens. In addition, the treatment induced an increase of the protein concentration in the hemolymph, however, there was no significant effect on the protein band pattern. Using in vitro pupal integument explant cultures, pyriproxyfen (at 1 and 10 μM in the medium) caused a significant inhibition of ecdysteroid amounts and of the thickness of new cuticle secreted. These new results are discussed in relation to the physiology of this IGR with a JH action.     

大约克夏生长肥育期生长规律的研究

对60头大约克夏从70～190日龄,每隔15d测定体重和背膘厚,分析其生长发育规律。结果表明:①大约克夏生长肥育期的各阶段日龄与体重间的相关系数r≥0.67(P<0.0001)。②Logistic模型和Compertz模型均可拟合大约克夏在生长肥育期的生长曲线(P<0.0001),但Logistic模型(R2=0.9967)优于Compertz模型(R2=0.9694)。③大约克夏130￣160日龄间的背膘厚度与体重保持极小的比值(约0.11),160日龄前背膘厚的分化生长率小于1(0.2653￣0.7711);大约克夏190日龄时体重为119.31kg,背膘厚为14.59mm。