美国黑核桃实生苗、嫁接苗培育技术

美国黑核桃繁育与推广,关键在于优质苗木的培育。研究掌握黑核桃实生苗和嫁接苗的培育技术,能极大地提高苗木质量和生产效率,降低生产成本。实生苗培育方法和方块芽接技术的研究与具体应用,为黑核桃优质苗木的生产及黑核桃在甘肃省的普遍推广创出了一条行之有效的途径。     

黄瓜DNA的提取研究

报道提取黄瓜DNA的新方法以满足制备黄瓜DNA传感器之需要．提取黄瓜DNA的最优条件：细胞提取液为4．0mL，饱和KCl溶液为1．0mL，0．6倍样液体积的酚／氯仿／异戊醇溶液，0．6倍体积的氯仿／异戊醇溶液，0．55倍体积的异丙醇，黄瓜DNA的得率为0．36mg／g．     

提高旱农地区甘草田间出苗率的试验分析

通过随机区组田间试验的方法，对如何提高甘草田间出苗率进行了研究。试验证明：甘草的田间出苗率与播种深度呈负相关，若底墒好，播后不浇水，播深2．5－3．0cm，可提高其田间出苗率；若底墒差，播后浇水，播深1．5－2．0cm，亦能提高其田间出苗率。在新垦重盐碱地播种甘草，用生长素4号和1号拌种，可分别提高田间出苗率2．9倍和2．6倍。播后3d浇水比播后16d浇水的田间出苗率提高29．5％。     

黄瓜自根苗、嫁接苗根系活力、净光合速率和蛋白质表达差异研究

将黄瓜津优1号、津优1号与黑子南瓜的嫁接苗和黑子南瓜种在网室中的消毒泥炭钵内,用LI-6400光合系统和2D-E电泳技术分析了这3种处理的根系活力、净光合速率和蛋白质的表达差异。结果表明,黑子南瓜的根系活力强于嫁接苗黄瓜,嫁接苗黄瓜的根系活力又强于自根苗黄瓜。在光量子通量密度低于500μmol.m-2.s-1时,嫁接黄瓜和黑子南瓜的净光合速率高于自根苗黄瓜,当光通量子密度超过500μmol.m-2.s-1后,嫁接黄瓜和黑子南瓜的净光合速率则低于自根苗黄瓜。当CO2浓度低于400μmol.mol-1时,嫁接黄瓜与自根苗的光合速率相当,CO2浓度超过400μmol.mol-1后,嫁接黄瓜的光合速率超过了自根苗。黑子南瓜的光合速率在50~600μmol.mol-1的CO2浓度范围内最高,然后下降,并间于嫁接黄瓜和自根苗黄瓜之间。嫁接的津优1号黄瓜有5个蛋白质的表达量增强了,同时也产生了5个新的蛋白质。     

马占相思主伐后更新的研究

通过对9年生马占相思林采用不同采伐处理、不同炼山时间的成苗情况分析表明：主伐后只要炼山处理，其落地的种子发芽力强，成苗多，可 以达到更新的要求；不进行炼山处理的，种子不能发芽成苗。马占相思低伐根采伐，其萌芽力很差。     

大棚春黄瓜前期产量的确定方法

本文通过1985、1986两年对哈尔滨市新春乡39亩地春季大棚黄瓜实际产量资料的分析,推导出哈尔滨地区春季大棚黄瓜计算前期产量的理论日期为该年度理论产值正态曲线峰值出现的日期,其公式为:1.理论公式:x=1/b 1n a/(b+1nBb)/b-1nB式中,x——计算前期产量的理论日期;a、b——Logistic生长曲线公式中的经验常数,B——指数曲线方程 y=AB~x 中的常数。从始收日到 x 日产量的累积值为前期产量。2.实用公式:x=t-4式中,x——计算前期产量的理论日期;t——累积产量达总产量二分之一时的日期;4——常数。从始收日到 x 日产量累积值为前期产量。     

Interactions of fungicide-insecticide combinations against Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and in soil

The inhibition of mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro was strongest with pencycuron, followed by tolclofos-methyl, carboxin and thiabendazole. Against cowpea seedling rot in soil infested with R. solani, tolclofos-methyl was most effective, followed by pencycuron, thiabendazole and carboxin. Of nine insecticides tested, only parathion-methyl and quinalphos suppressed mycelial growth of R. solani in vitro, although their activity was much lower than that of the four tested fungicides. The inhibition of mycelial growth by fungicide-insecticide mixtures was antagonistic in only two out of 36 combinations; it was additive in most cases or synergistic, e.g. for most mixtures of pencycuron and insecticides. Quinalphos, applied to the soil, was the only insecticide which reduced cowpea seedling rot in soil infested with R. solani. Soil application of parathion-methyl, phorate, aldicarb or carbofuran and seed treatment with phosphamidon, monocrotophos, endosulfan or dimethoate had little or no effect on seedling rot. Carboxin gave better disease control when applied to the seed already coated with phosphamidon, monocrotophos, endosulfan or dimethoate and when carboxin-treated seeds were sown in soil treated with quinalphos, parathion-methyl, aldicarb or carbofuran. Efficacy of thiabendazole seed treatment was slightly higher in the presence of insecticides, particularly dimethoate. Pencycuron and tolclofos-methyl as seed treatment gave nearly 100% disease control both in the presence and absence of insecticides. The synergistic interactions detected between fungicides and insecticides represent interesting opportunities for the control of R. solani.     

土壤耕层积温对玉米根系及植株生长的影响

本文分析了地膜覆盖条件下,土壤耕层积温的变化对玉米根系及地上植株生长影响的生理基础.同时对传统的“蹲苗”措施进行了讨论.指出蹲苗是播种后土壤耕层温度持续偏低导致幼苗缓慢生长,不得已而采取的措施.实际上是延迟性冷害的表征.     

桉树容器快速育苗试验

桉树采用营养土容器育苗,能缩短苗期管理时间,减少苗期地下病虫危害,自播种后60～70d即可造林,并能提高造林成活率。     

The effect of temperature on formation and abortion of flower buds in gynoecious cucumber plants

Plants were grown at 15, 21 or 27°C. Fewer buds were formed at high than at low temperature. At all 3 temperatures, some of the buds aborted. However, the differences in numbers of buds between temperatures did not disappear. Transfer of the plants from 27 to 21°C did not raise the number of buds formed in nodes of which the leaf primordia had already been formed. Therefore, it is plausible that the number of flower buds is determined at a very early stage of node development.