Climate change,migration and human rights in Bangladesh: Perspectives on governance

Bangladesh experiences some of the most severe impacts of climate change, with impacts already evident in the coastal regions. Recent data shows that around 32% of the coastal communities in Bangladesh are affected by climate‐induced hazards each year. In 2011, 64% among them were displaced locally and 27% were displaced to other locations in Bangladesh. It requires comprehensive and viable polices and planning to meet the challenges of managing a large number of displaced people. In this context, this paper reviews and investigates the effectiveness of current governance frameworks to address migration of affected communities. It argues that migration can be an effective way to cope with environmental shocks. Finally, it discusses policy imperatives for effective protection of people displaced by climate risks with a special reference to adopting a human rights‐based approach in law and policy making for climate‐induced migration.     

Circuits of power: Environmental injustice from Bangkok's shopping malls to Laos’ hydropower dams

In what ways are lifestyles in urbanising Thailand, increasingly oriented towards shopping malls related to the threat to the wildlife and struggles for subsistence in distant Lao hinterlands? Our article answers this question by looking at the workings of electricity as the key infrastructure that connects these seemingly unrelated events and practices. We argue that the circulation of electricity flows along uneven channels, shifting injury and environmental harm across international borders. This circuit is perpetuating inequality and environmental injustice in the Lower Mekong. To demonstrate this claim, we analyse the electricity sector at numerous scales and locations – the urban scale in Bangkok, the country scale of Thailand and then Laos and the local community scale in Laos. We then discuss by what means various material and social processes and actors at these different scales form this circuit. Looking at circuits of power allows us to link the story of electricity consumption with that of production, with an emphasis on their extraterritoriality, multiplicity and boundaries. Our findings illustrate the effects of this circuit on spaces far from a thought‐of urban area. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ways in which these effects have produced inequality and injustice across borders.     

加强和规范中央级农业科研单位所办非企业法人单位财务管理的几点思考

非企业法人在我国高校、科研院所等领域广泛存在。中央级农业科研单位为加快自身发展举办非企业法人单位,取得了明显成效。由于这类法人单位的管理没有完备的制度体系作为依据,财务管理方面问题较多。文章从制度层面梳理了该类法人单位在财务管理方面存在的问题,从完善法人治理结构、强化监督管理、加强内部控制、明细财务管理模式等方面提出了加强管理的建议,为该类法人单位加强财务管理提供了借鉴和参考。     

构建智慧型科技管理体系的思考与初步探索

文章针对当前科技管理存在效率低、决策数据缺乏等短板问题,通过对智慧及智慧农业的认识和理解,提出了智慧型科技管理体系的内涵; 以面向科研人员科技创新精准服务的“资源供给能力、分析挖掘能力、数据治理能力、个性化服务能力”提升为目标,进行了体系构架思路、组成模块和全要素的分析、设计和思考; 并以团队近年来构建的“互联网+科技管理”的科研数据全程管理大数据综合服务平台和精准服务模式为实例,介绍了团队在智慧科管方面开展的相关探索工作和取得的成绩,为高校、科研院所开展相关管理工作、提升科研创新体系整体效能提供参考。     

社会工作在乡村治理中的角色与功能探析

推动乡村治理创新是实施乡村振兴战略的内蕴,乡村治理创新的目标与社会工作价值取向 具有紧密的关联性,成为推动实现自治、法治、德治相结合的治理格局创新的突破点。社会工作具有 高度专业性,在基层治理中可以提供技术层面的硬件支撑,在“三治融合”中发挥着桥梁和纽带的作 用。作为一项职业、一种制度、一项社会治理工程的社会工作扮演着服务式救助者、福利的传递者、政 策的推动者和弱势群体的使能者的角色,将会在乡村社会中发挥提升村民参与意识、扶持弱势群体、 推动乡村社会实现有效治理和实现乡村社会的有效整合的正功能。     

Evaluating fisheries systems: A comprehensive analytical framework and its application to the EU's Common Fisheries Policy

Despite regular reforms, problems under the EU's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) persist. In order to identify priorities for future reforms of the policy, we developed an analytical framework consisting of 17 criteria and specifying indicators, derived from scientific, wider fisheries, and common resources literature. We applied the framework to the CFP governance system, its regulations, institutions, and processes at EU as well as member state level. The results show that the CFP does not fully meet any of the 17 criteria for an effective resource policy. Its performance was assessed as “neutral” regarding 10 criteria and “negative” regarding seven criteria. Trend analysis shows that there is a slightly positive trend regarding the CFP's performance, with five criteria trending positively, 11 showing a neutral trend and only one criterion trending negatively (simplicity of rules). The analysis identified five criteria which are performing badly and have not improved over time: simplicity of rules, user‐pays principle, resource efficiency, accountability, and compliance mechanisms. Future reforms of the CFP should first and foremost address these criteria while continuing efforts to improve the CFP's performance regarding other criteria. The evaluation of the CFP demonstrates the applicability of the analytical framework which can also be applied to other multilevel fisheries governance systems. Moreover, the results can inform reforms of Regional Fisheries Management Organisations. Like the CFP, these institutions manage transboundary fisheries and have not effectively addressed the issues of resource rent capture and resource efficiency.     

The Global Ocean Biodiversity Initiative: Promoting scientific support for global ocean governance

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