4种皮燕麦在互助县区域试验比较研究

在互助县威远镇卓扎滩村,对4种皮燕麦进行的区域试验结果表明：4种皮燕麦中青引2号表现为较早熟,全生育天数114d;巴燕4号株高、籽实产量、开花期鲜草产量最高,分别达到了164．3cm、4853．3kg/hm2、62722．2kg/hm2,抗逆性较强的皮燕麦品种是林纳,从籽实产量、开花期鲜草产量、茎叶比等综合性状评价,巴燕4号都优于其他品种。     

Description of outcomes of experimental infection with feline haemoplasmas: Copy numbers, haematology, Coombs’ testing and blood glucose concentrations

The aim of this study was to compare blood copy, haematological and glucose values between cats experimentally infected with either Mycoplasma haemofelis (Group HF: 10 cats), ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ (Group HM: 3 cats) or ‘Candidatus M. turicensis’ (Group TU: 3 cats). Blood samples were collected regularly up to 85 days post-infection (DPI) for haemoplasma real-time quantitative PCR, haematology, Coombs’ testing and blood glucose measurement. Statistical analysis was performed using a general linear model (ANOVA) appropriate for a repeated measures experiment with significance set as P < 0.05. Cats in Group TU had significantly lower blood copy numbers than cats in Group HF (P < 0.001) and HM (P < 0.001). All Group HF cats developed anaemia (often severe), macrocytosis and evidence of erythrocyte-bound antibodies whereas Groups HM and TU cats did not. Group HF had significantly lower PCVs, haemoglobin concentrations and red blood cell counts, and significantly higher mean cell volumes, than Groups HM and TU. In Group HF, erythrocyte-bound antibodies reactive at 4 °C (both IgM and IgG) appeared between 8 and 22 DPI and persisted for two to four weeks, whereas those reactive at 37 °C (primarily IgG) appeared between 22 and 29 DPI and persisted for one to five weeks. In most cats antibodies appeared after the fall in haemoglobin started. Although Group TU had significantly lower glucose concentrations than Groups HF (P = 0.006) and HM (P = 0.027), mean blood glucose concentrations remained within the reference range in all groups. This study demonstrates that M. haemofelis infection, in contrast to ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ and ‘Candidatus M. turicensis’ infection, can result in a severe macrocytic anaemia and the development of cold and warm reactive erythrocyte-bound antibodies.     

凉州区奶牛乳房炎主要病原分离鉴定及药敏试验

乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病,随着奶牛产业的蓬勃发展,乳房炎已经成为制约该产业的瓶颈之一。从甘肃省武威市凉州区5个奶牛养殖场采集了1 000头荷斯坦奶牛共计3 991份奶样,对临床型和非临床型(隐性)乳房炎分别通过临床症状和兰州隐性乳房炎诊断液(LMT)进行诊断。结果显示:该地区奶牛临床型乳房炎发病率18.20%,亚临床型乳房炎发病率36.50%,总阳性率54.70%,总阳性乳区率54.72%。从阳性奶样中分离纯化得到的主要病原菌为链球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌,且在不同类型乳房炎中的分布情况不同,临床型中链球菌属最多(54.37%),亚临床型中金黄色葡萄球菌最多(48.56%)。对主要病原菌进行药敏试验,结果表明治疗凉州区奶牛乳房炎的最佳药物应为喹诺酮类和庆大霉素类。     

猪鸡致病菌β-内酰胺酶、超广谱β-内酰胺酶检测与药敏试验

 对分离的猪鸡致病菌，分别进行了?－内酰胺酶、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检测，并用试管二倍稀释法测定了β－内酰胺环类抗生素或β－内酰胺环类抗生素与抑制剂舒巴坦联用对非产酶菌、产?－内酰胺酶菌、产ESBLs菌的抗菌活性。结果表明，43株分离菌的大多数可产生?－内酰胺酶，3株鸡志贺氏菌为ESBLs阳性菌株。30株分离产酶菌均对阿莫西林、氨苄西林耐药（MIC≥32 ?g/ml），16株非产酶菌（标准菌株及分离株）中的15株对阿莫西林、氨苄西林敏感，只有一株非产酶分离菌耐药。氨苄西林与舒巴坦以2∶1、4∶1配比联用时，其对分离产酶菌的MIC值分别降低10~40倍、10~20倍。临床致病菌对三代头孢均敏感，与舒巴坦以2∶1、4∶1配比联用时，三代头孢的MIC值不变。当头孢噻呋、头孢曲松与舒巴坦以2∶1配比联用时，其对产ESBLs菌的MIC值降低2～4倍。     

Validation and standardization of virus neutralizing test using indirect immunoperoxidase technique for the quantification of antibodies to rabies virus

A virus neutralizing test using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique (VNT-IIP) for rabies has been developed for the titration of dog and cat serum samples in Japan. The VNT-IIP has the advantage that results obtained can be viewed by the naked eye. The purpose of this study was to validate the VNT-IIP and compare it with one of the international standard methods, the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVNT). The VNT-IIP showed satisfactory repeatability, high analytical specificity and good accuracy. Regarding the comparison between the VNT-IIP and the FAVNT, the VNT-IIP showed good agreement (91.9%), high sensitivity (92.8%) as well as specificity (87.0%) and good correlation (r = 0.92). As described above, the validation of the VNT-IIP was satisfactory and the performances of the test proved to be equivalent to those of an international standard method.     

Serological analysis of Chlamydophila abortus in Australian sheep and implications for the rejection of breeder sheep for export

Objective   To examine the incidence of positive results in a complement fixation test (CFT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Chlamydophila abortus in Australian sheep and how this incidence differs with state of origin, age, sex, breed and property. To examine the consequences in relation to rejection of breeder sheep for export.
Design   Collection of blood samples from 891 sheep on 109 properties in southern Australia. All samples had a unique, coded property identification.
Procedure   The samples were tested using the Institut Pourquier Chlamydophila abortus antibody ELISA (rELISA) and a CFT. Residual maximum likelihood analyses of the sample to positive ratio of the corrected optical density for the rELISA and generalised linear mixed model analyses of the CFT outcomes were carried out.
Results   The sample to positive ratio of the corrected optical density values of the rELISA did not differ between sex, age, breed or state of origin, but differed greatly between properties. The CFT outcome did not differ between age, breed or state of origin, but differed greatly between properties and was more often positive with rams than with ewes.
Conclusion   Positive outcomes to C. abortus antibody tests are very common in Australia. Rams have a particularly high incidence of positive results with the CFT. Rejection of sheep and property consignments is likely to be very common with all tests and situations examined except for the CFT (at 1:32 dilution) in ewes.     

海晏县牦牛布氏杆菌病的血清学检测

采用试管凝集反应对海晏县的牦牛进行了布氏杆菌病的血清学检测,共检测177份血清样品,结果检出阳性血清9份,阳性率为5．08％。     

仔猪黄痢K88-K99-987p-F41多价菌毛疫苗的制备及小鼠免疫试验

为了更好地预防仔猪黄痢,选取野生分离菌株HN2001（K88ab）、HN2002（K88ac）、HN2003（K88ad）、HN2004（K99）、HN2005（987p）和HN2006（F41）培养后用低温磁力搅拌法提取菌毛,制成5批多价菌毛混合油乳剂灭活苗。试验结果表明,5批多价灭活疫苗对小鼠的平均保护率达95．0％,为进一步进行本体动物试验提供了有价值的参考资料。     

蚕蛹油微胶囊的制备

为了改善蚕蛹油的加工性能和延长其保质期,以大豆蛋白和β-环状糊精为壁材,采用喷雾干燥法制备蚕蛹油微胶囊。依据蚕蛹油微胶囊乳状液的稳定性检测指标,确定壁材大豆蛋白和β-环状糊精的质量比为1∶1。通过正交试验确定制备蚕蛹油微胶囊的最佳工艺条件为:芯材(蚕蛹油)与壁材的质量比为1∶2,乳状液中固形物的质量分数为20%,均质压力25MPa,喷雾干燥的进风温度190℃。在此工艺条件下制备蚕蛹油微胶囊的包埋率为91.2%。     

Validation of an immunoturbidimetric D-dimer assay in canine citrated plasma

Abstract: D-dimer is a neoantigen formed when thrombin initiates the transformation of fibrinogen to fibrin; it is derived from plasmin digestion of cross-linked fibrin. In human medicine, the usefulness of this analyte in diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has been assessed in patients fulfilling the clinical and laboratory requirements for this disorder. In canine medicine, the use of D-dimer is relatively new. Detailed studies are needed to understand the relationship between D-dimer concentration in plasma and DIC status in dogs. We validated a D-dimer immunoturbidimetric assay (Tina-quant [a] D-Dimer, Boehringer Mannheim) in canine citrated plasma samples. Intra-assay and interassay variability (coefficient of variation) was 5.63% and 8.82%, respectively. The assay was linear, using 2 samples with low and high D-dimer concentrations (r = .996 and .998). Accuracy was 102.2% and 95.7% based on a recovery study in which 2 samples were assessed. Reference values for D-dimer were established using 70 healthy dogs that were assessed clinically and evaluated on the basis of a complete laboratory workup. The reference range was set between 0.02 and 0.28 μg/mL (chi-square test for normal distribution, P > .05).