中药复方对保育阶段仔猪血清中胆固醇与脂蛋白的影响

[目的]在基础日粮的水平上添加中药复方,纯中药全程饲喂,对保育阶段仔猪血清中胆固醇和脂蛋白含量进行测定,为该中药复方对保育阶段仔猪增强机体抵抗力,降低抗生素在畜牧业的应用,形成质量可靠的“无抗”猪肉提供帮助。[方法]试验选用80头（28±2）日龄、体重相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理2个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,第2、3、4组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别添加1.5%、1.0%和0.5%的中药复方,试验期4周。试验结束第2天上午9：00空腹,前腔静脉采血,进行全血血常规指标测定。[结果]与对照组相比,饲料中添加中药复方组保育仔猪血清中脂蛋白脂肪酶含量均有升高,其中,添加0.5%中药复方组与对照组相比差异显著（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,饲料中添加中药复方组保育仔猪血清中高密度脂蛋白含量均有升高,其含量随中药复方添加量的减少而逐渐降低,各中药复方添加组与对照组相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）;与对照组相比,饲料中添加中药复方组保育仔猪血清中低密度脂蛋白含量均有所下降,其含量随中药复方添加量的减少而逐渐降低,其中,添加0.5%中药复方组与对照组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;与对照组相比,饲料中添加中药复方组保育仔猪血清中三酰甘油含量均有下降,其含量随中药复方添加量的减少而逐渐降低,各中药复方添加组与对照组相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）。[结论]在基础日粮中添加中药复方组保育仔猪血清中脂蛋白脂肪酶含量、高密度脂蛋白含量均有升高;保育仔猪血清中低密度脂蛋白含量、三酰甘油含量均有降低。     

不同施肥配比对大头菜产量的影响

采取随机区组设计,研究了大头菜合理施肥量,结果表明三穗县适合大头菜种植的最佳施肥量为：667m2施复混肥50kg,生态肥150kg,最高产量达1888kg/667m2.     

炬荣复合微生物肥料在蕹菜上的应用研究

院本实验通过在蕹菜上喷施炬荣复合微生物肥料,探讨了其对蕹菜产量、效益的影响。结果表明：喷施复合微生物肥料、减量施肥处理的蕹菜表现最好,产量比常规施肥和空白对照分别增加13.3%和31.3%,每667m2分别增收919.54元和1881.38元。     

Linear models to predict the digestible lipid content of fish diets

Values for the digestible contents of nutrients in diets and feed ingredients are of utmost importance in nutritional strategies for fish. Prediction from dietary composition would eliminate lengthy, tedious and demanding digestibility experiments with fish. Apparent digestible lipid (DL) content [range 7.6–353.4 g kg⁻¹ dry matter (DM)] in compound diets can be predicted with high accuracy ( n  = 610; studies =127; fish species = 34; R ² = 0.9515; RMSE = 16.9504) from dietary crude lipid (CL) content (range 12.0–388.7 g kg⁻¹ DM) by the linear regression equation DL =−2.7303 + 0.9123 CL. Validation of this equation against 65 values from 15 independent studies presented R ² and mean prediction error (MPE) values of 0.9947 and 0.0671, respectively. The corresponding equation for 37 individual feed ingredients evaluated in 24 studies with 18 fish species ( n  = 180) was found to be DL = −1.5824 + 0.8654 CL ( R ² = 0.9717; RMSE = 8.3765). However, validation of the latter is currently hampered by a lack of independent values.     

Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

Classification research and types of slow controlled release fertilizers (SRFs) used - a review

Slow controlled release fertilizer (SRF) is the hot direction of new fertilizer development, but there is no unified, perfect, standardized classification basis. This paper documents a review of literature related to the classification of SRF, summarizes the history about development for the classification of SRF in three phases, proposes an improved classification of physical, chemical, and compound types. The aim of the current review is to provide evidence on which to base the selection and further development of innovative enhanced efficiency SRF. The study also further clarifies the attribution of various fertilizers and illustrates the use of representative fertilizers in each category. In addition, the compound type of SRF is given the positive perspectives.     

HPLC测定复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠可溶性粉含量

建立复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠可溶性粉中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠（以磺胺间甲氧嘧啶计）和甲氧苄啶含量的HPLC检测方法,采用Inertsil C18色谱柱（4.6mm×250mm,5μm）,以乙腈：0.017mol/L磷酸液（20：80）（按1‰的比例加入三乙胺）为流动相,流速为1mL/min,检测波长为230nm。在该色谱条件下,两种药物分离很好,磺胺间甲氧嘧啶在24.89～248.9μg/mL之间,甲氧苄啶在5～50μg/mL之间,线性良好（r〉0.99999）,添加回收率在97.46%～100.45%之间。该方法快速简便,准确可靠,能够满足实际样品的检测要求。     

复方吡喹酮注射液防治羊脑多头蚴病的试验研究

为了获得复方吡喹酮注射液治疗羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量,本试验应用复方吡喹酮注射液30、50、80 mg/kg BW三个剂量组对患羊脑多头蚴病的绵羊进行治疗,设80 mg/kg BW剂量的丙硫咪唑作为药物对照组.试验结果表明,30 mg/kg BW剂量组治愈率较低,为68.97%,不能达到治疗目的;50和80 mg/kg BW剂量对羊脑多头蚴均有很强的驱杀作用,对病羊的治愈率分别为91.84%和92.85%,但两组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);高、中剂量组(80、50 mg/kg BW)与低剂量组、药物对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).50 mg/kg BW剂量为防治羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量.     

冰鲜杂鱼和人工配合饲料对大口黑鲈肌肉品质及健康状况影响的评价

本试验通过测定血清生化指标和肌肉营养成分,评价冰鲜杂鱼和人工配合饲料对大口黑鲈肌肉品质及健康状况的影响。养殖过程中冰鲜组大口黑鲈全程投喂冰鲜杂鱼,饲料组大口黑鲈全程投喂大口黑鲈专用人工配合饲料。在商品鱼上市前,冰鲜组和饲料组各随机采集6尾用于测定血清生化指标,再各随机采集6尾用于测定肌肉营养成分。结果显示:饲料组大口黑鲈血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于冰鲜组(0.01≤P0.05),血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性极显著高于冰鲜组(P0.01),血清中总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著低于冰鲜组(P0.01)。冰鲜组大口黑鲈肌肉中总氨基酸(TAA)含量显著高于饲料组(0.01≤P0.05),且肌肉中各种氨基酸的氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)以及必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均高于饲料组。饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中亚油酸(C18∶2)含量极显著高于冰鲜组(P0.01)。结果表明,本试验条件下,冰鲜组大口黑鲈肌肉营养品质特别是蛋白质品质及氨基酸组成要优于饲料组,且健康状况也优于饲料组,但饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中亚油酸含量较冰鲜组极显著升高。因此,大口黑鲈的人工配合饲料配方还需要进一步的优化,来满足消费者对大口黑鲈的营养需求。     

复合乳酸菌和酵母菌对新生犊牛免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

选择体况相同、体质量(36±2.53) kg、3日龄内的中国荷斯坦母犊牛40头,随机分为4组,每组10头,即空白组(D组)、乳酸菌组(L组)、乳酸菌+酵母菌组(LS组)、酵母菌组(S组).在试验期内,4组犊牛均全程饲喂代乳粉,LS、L和S组分别添加复合益生菌,D组不添加,试验期45 d.结果 表明:与试验1d相比,45...