新城疫免疫雏鸡抗体动力学的研究

本实验以血凝抑制(HI)试验和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)为检测手段,对以点眼和滴鼻途径接种新城疫B_1系疫苗的无特定病原(SPF)雏鸡(1日龄首免、14日龄二免)进行血清抗体消长规律的测定,同时对两种试验结果进行比较,力图为制定合理的免疫程序提供理论依据,为ELISA在我国鸡新城疫群体免疫中的应用提供新资料。实验结果表明:新生雏鸡抗体产生系统发育迅速,4日龄即可在血液中检测到HI抗体,经两次免疫后,27日龄达最高值,HI抗体在2~4以上的持续期为50d。14日龄前,ELISA未能检测到ND特异性抗体,而HI试验能准确地反映ND抗体的消长规律,两试验无相关性。二免之后,两试验所反映的抗体消长规律基本相同,二者检测的血清抗体水平具有相对平行的关系,且ELISA的敏感性高于HI试验。在SPF雏鸡14日龄进行第二次免疫接种后的免疫应答中,Ig~G是其主要免疫球蛋白。     

汽车驾驶机器人模糊神经网络换挡控制方法

为了实现汽车驾驶机器人挡位决策的智能化,提出了一种驾驶机器人模糊神经网络换挡控制方法.模糊神经网络模型的输入为驾驶机器人油门机械腿的位移、试验车辆的车速和加速度,模型的输出为挡位.输入变量的隶属函数都为3个,类型都采用广义钟形函数gbellmf,网络训练算法选用反向传播算法和最小二乘法相结合的混合学习算法.仿真结果表明,汽车驾驶机器人模糊神经网络控制仿真挡位与试验挡位基本一致,该方法可根据操作工况环境实现正确的汽车驾驶机器人挡位控制.     

基于Web的在线考试系统设计与实现

从基于Web的在线考试系统的体系结构、系统结构设计和系统主要功能实现的三方面,对基于Web的在线考试系统进行了简要的介绍,并提出了系统进一步完善的方向。     

成团泛菌低分子脂多糖的急性毒性、刺激性、致敏性及遗传毒性评估

本研究对成团泛菌低分子脂多糖（Pantoea agglomerans lipopolysaccharide,LPSp）的安全性进行初步评估。本研究采用一次限量法,用昆明种小鼠进行LPSp急性经口毒性试验,了解LPSp的急性毒性;采用新西兰兔分别进行LPSp急性和多次皮肤刺激性试验以及急性眼刺激性试验,了解LPSp的皮肤和粘膜刺激性;采用豚鼠进行LPSp皮肤变态反应试验,了解LPSp的致敏性;应用平板掺入法进行鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/回复突变试验和小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验考察LPSp的遗传危害。急性毒性试验结果显示,LPSp对小鼠经口一次灌胃的LD50大于5000mg/kg体重,属实际无毒级别;LPSp急性和多次皮肤刺激性试验以及急性眼刺激性试验结果显示,皮肤刺激和眼刺激积分均为0分,LPSp对皮肤无刺激性、对眼睛无急性刺激性;在皮肤变态反应试验中,LPSp在各观察时间点的皮肤变态反应积分均为0分,其致敏率均为0%,说明LPSp对豚鼠无致敏性;LPSp的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/回复突变试验结果呈阴性（P〉0.05）;LPSp的小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验结果亦呈阴性,LPSp各剂量组的微核发生率与阴性对照组未见统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而与阳性对照组有明显差异（P〈0.01）。本研究结果表明,在本实验剂量范围内,LPSp对小鼠经口毒性极低,属实际无毒级别,对家兔皮肤和眼睛无明显刺激性,对豚鼠无致敏性,对所试菌株和小鼠体细胞无诱变性和致突变性。     

一种有效的ABS汽车制动性能检测方法

针对现行检测站的台架试验检测无法真实地反映其制动性能,而道路试验的随机性大、重复性较差等问题.在理论分析的基础上建立ABS汽车的制动性能检测结果的区间函数,结合高速道路试验,对其结果进行评价.结果表明:该方法能大大地减少道路试验的随机性.并能可靠地对ABS汽车的制动性能进行评价.     

Common allergens of atopic dermatitis in dogs: comparative findings based on intradermal tests

Intradermal tests were performed on 58 dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis from 2004~2008 at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University, Korea. To compare the allergen distribution observed in the present investigation to the results from other studies conducted in Korea and elsewhere, the allergens were grouped according to their kinds. There was no significant difference in gender distribution among the dogs. The most common breeds among the 58 dogs were Maltese (n = 11) and Shih-tzu (n = 11). The average age was 4.8 years. The most frequently produced a positive reaction on the intradermal tests was mold (67.3%) followed by house dust (54.5%) and house dust mites (49.1%). The present study found a low distribution of dogs allergic to various outdoor allergens compared to studies performed in other countries; this may reflect differences in living conditions for dogs living in Korea.     

Schirmer tear tests and intraocular pressures in conscious and anesthetized koalas (Phascolarctus cinereus)

Objective To estimate mean Schirmer tear test (STT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) values in healthy koalas both conscious and anesthetized. Methods Data were gathered from koalas in Victoria, Australia. Conscious examinations were performed on captive koalas. Free‐ranging (wild) koalas were examined under anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced using alfaxalone, and animals were maintained on oxygen and isoflurane if required. All animals were healthy and had no surface ocular pathology detectable during slit lamp biomicroscopy. STT I tests were performed using commercial STT test strips placed in the lower fornix for 1 min. IOP was measured using an applanation tonometer after topical anesthesia. The higher value of the two eyes for both STT and IOP was analyzed. STT was measured in 53 koalas (34 conscious, 19 anesthetized) and IOP was measured in 43 koalas (30 conscious, 13 anesthetized). A two‐sample t‐test was used to compare means. A P‐value <0.05 was regarded as significant. Mean ± SD is presented. Results The mean higher STT in conscious koalas was 10.3 ± 3.6 mm wetting/min and in anesthetized koalas it decreased to 3.8 ± 4.0 mm wetting/min (P < 0.0001). The mean higher IOP in conscious koalas was 15.3 ± 5.1 mmHg, and in anesthetized koalas it was 13.8 ± 3.4 mmHg (P = 0.32). There was no effect of sex on either STT or IOP. Conclusions The mean and SD of STT and IOP values for koalas both conscious and anesthetized were reported. The mean STT was significantly reduced by alfaxalone anesthesia.     

Assessment of a point‐of‐care cardiac troponin I test to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in dogs

Objectives – To (1) determine a reference interval for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a point‐of‐care device in normal dogs and compare the results with those published by the manufacturer and (2) determine if cTnI differs among dogs with cardiogenic and noncardiogenic respiratory distress. Design – Prospective observational study. Setting – Emergency and referral veterinary hospital. Animals – Twenty‐six clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs in respiratory distress. Interventions – All dogs underwent whole blood sampling for cTnI concentrations. Measurements and Results – Normal dogs had a median cTnI concentration of 0.03 ng/mL (range 0–0.11 ng/mL). Thirty‐six dogs were diagnosed with noncardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 0.14 ng/mL (range 0.01–4.31 ng/mL). Thirty‐one dogs were diagnosed with cardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 1.74 ng/mL (range 0.05–17.1 ng/mL). A significant difference between cTnI concentrations in normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress was not detected. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were found between normals versus cardiogenic and cardiogenic versus noncardiogenic respiratory distress groups. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were identified in >10 when compared with the <5 and the 5–10 years of age groups. Receiver operating curve analysis identified cTnI concentrations >1.5 ng/mL as the optimal “cut‐off point” having a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 51.5%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.72. Overall test accuracy was 65%. Conclusions – cTnI concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with cardiogenic respiratory distress versus dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress and normal dogs. A significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic causes of respiratory distress was detected. Although highly sensitive when cTnI concentrations exceed 1.5 ng/mL, the test has low specificity. Assessment of cTnI by the methodology used cannot be recommended as the sole diagnostic modality for evaluating the cause of respiratory distress in dogs.     

UHT乳在货架期内理化性质的变化研究

本文研究了UHT全脂乳在37℃温度下,酸度、黏度、蛋白水解度和酒精稳定性的变化情况,并得出UHT乳在37℃温度下的货架期。     

猪源缓慢葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究

某猪场发生一种高发病率、高死亡率的传染病。本研究从该场濒死猪只的心脏血液及肺脏中分离出1株细菌,经镜检、菌落形态观察、培养特性观察及法国生物梅里埃API鉴定系统鉴定,确定该分离菌株为缓慢葡萄球菌。药敏试验表明该菌对多种药物具耐药性,但对氟哌酸、红霉素和强力霉素等敏感;致病性试验表明,分离菌可以引起实验小鼠的慢性死亡,猪只腹腔注射可复制病例,表明缓慢葡萄球菌具有致病性并很可能会对公共卫生安全具有潜在威胁。