甘薯叶黄酮微波提取工艺的响应面法优化

用响应面法优化甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)叶黄酮的微波提取工艺,研究了微波功率、微波时间、乙醇体积分数、液固比4个因素对黄酮提取率的影响.并采用Box-Behnken设计对最佳提取工艺进行了优化.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为微波功率200 W、微波时间4 min、乙醇体积分数50％、液固比43∶1(V/m,mL∶g),在此条件下甘薯叶黄酮的提取率为8.082 7％,与预测值8.314 2％基本吻合.     

留叶数对烟叶综合性状的影响研究

采用多因子裂区试验设计,研究留叶数对K326、HY-9-7综合性状的影响。结果表明:在相同的栽培条件下,品种HY-9-7的长势、抗病性均强于K326,产量、产值高于K326,外观质量优于K326。在中等肥力条件下,品种K326的适宜留叶数为20~22片/株,HY-9-7为18~20片/株。     

PP_(333)对高山杜鹃叶片生理特性的影响

以高山杜鹃"粉金蝶"(Rhododendron hybrides"Cosmopolitan")为试验材料,研究了不同浓度多效唑(PP333)处理对开花过程中叶片生理特性的影响。结果表明:各处理对提高叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和延缓蛋白质的降解均有明显效果。与对照相比,SOD,POD活性最大值分别提高43.00和0.33 U/g;蛋白质的降解减少20.90%,对照MDA含量是900 mg/L,PP333处理的1.34倍。综合各项指标,以900 mg/L PP333处理效果最明显。     

ZTC1+1-Ⅱ澄清剂对银杏叶醇提液的絮凝工艺研究

[目的]采用ZTC1＋1-Ⅱ型天然澄清剂对银杏（GinkgobilobaLinn.）叶醇提液进行絮凝提取,优化生产工艺,提高药液的澄清度和药液质量。[方法]ZTC1＋1-Ⅱ型澄清剂组分A、B2种。用蒸馏水和1%醋酸溶液配制成1%的溶液,预溶胀24h,用双层纱布过滤,即得澄清剂组分A或B。之后,以絮凝物重量为衡量指标,研究不同影响因素对絮凝效果的影响。[结果]确定了ZTC1＋1-Ⅱ型天然澄清剂对银杏叶醇提液进行絮凝的最佳工艺条件为：澄清剂组分加入次序为先加组分B后加组分A,银杏叶醇提液pH值为5.5,100ml醇提液中组分B、A的用量分别为1.6、0.8g/L,澄清温度为40℃,澄清时间为40min。[结论]该研究可简化后续工艺程序和降低生产成本。     

柠条锦鸡儿叶浸提液对4种冰草化感作用的初步研究

为了明确豆科植物(柠条锦鸡儿)与禾本科植物之间的互作关系,利用生物检测法研究了柠条锦鸡儿叶浸提液对4种冰草的化感作用。结果表明:柠条锦鸡儿叶浸提液对4种冰草种子萌发和幼苗生长具有低浓度(≤0.02g/ml)促进和高浓度(≥0.02g/ml)抑制的化感效应,并且抑制作用随浓度的增大而加强;4种冰草保护性酶(SOD,POD)随浸提液浓度的增加呈"N"字形变化规律,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、根系活力(TTC)、非保护酶(PAL,PPO)活性随浸提液浓度的增加呈先降低后增加的"V"字形变化规律。综合分析可知,柠条锦鸡儿叶浸提液对4种冰草具有化感作用,能够影响4种冰草正常生长,其敏感性顺序依次为蒙古冰草扁穗冰草蒙农杂交冰草沙生冰草,蒙古冰草是柠条锦鸡儿叶浸提液的敏感受试植物。     

Is N‐feedback involved in the regulation of nitrogenase activity in Medicago truncatula?

To determine whether senescing leaves provoke an active nitrogen (N) remobilization that results in the reduction of nitrogenase activity, 60% of Medicago truncatula lower leaves were either darkened or individually excised for two weeks. Although a considerable amount of N was remobilized, N₂ fixation activity was found to be increased to maintain the N source/sink balance, indicating an absence of the negative N‐feedback regulation of nitrogenase activity in the senescing M. truncatula.     

Carrot root size distribution in response to biostimulant application

In 2009–2011, in Poland (53°13′N, 17°51′E), field experiments were conducted concerning the influence of biostimulants Kelpak SL and Asahi SL on the size grades of yield of carrot cv. ‘Karotan’. Kelpak SL is produced from seaweed Ecklonia maxima; Asahi SL is composed of nitrophenols. Biostimulants were sprayed from fourth-leaf stage of carrot, once, twice or three times in growing period. Seaweed extract was used at total doses of: 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7?l?ha^?1, while Asahi SL at 1?l?ha^?1. It was found that biostimulants had a favourable effect on total and commercial root yield, but this effect was dependent on the type of preparation, the dose, the time and the number of treatments. The best results in increasing the commercial yield were achieved after a single application of Kelpak SL at doses 2 or 3?l?ha^?1 at the fourth-leaf stage (13.1% and 12.4% respectively, compared to the control). Both biostimulants Kelpak SL and Asahi SL positively affected the root size distribution by increasing the yield of medium roots (1.9–3.8?cm in diameter) as well as large roots (3.8–5.0?cm), by 30.5% and 15.8%, respectively.     

上部叶烘烤过程中叶片与主脉含水率变化对烤烟质量的影响

为进一步了解上部烟叶烘烤特性,探究叶片与主脉失水的动态协调关系,采用高温高湿变黄的方法,研究了上部叶烘烤过程中叶片与主脉含水率变化对烟叶烘烤质量的影响。结果表明,变黄期处理与对照均易变黄,定色期处理定色效果较好,干筋期对照主脉较难干燥,处理烤后上等烟比例明显高于对照。变黄期通过高温高湿的方法使叶片凋萎与主脉发软同步,能够有效提高烤后烟质量,从而提高上部叶的可用性。     

金银花叶提取物对棘胸蛙烂皮病治疗效果的探讨

研究了金银花(Lonicera japonica)叶不同溶剂提取物对棘胸蛙(Rana spinosa)烂皮病治疗效果的影响。首先制备金银花叶的水提物与醇提物,分别用终浓度为16 mg/m L的水提物和醇提物浸浴患病蝌蚪,比较蝌蚪的存活量和平均体重。结果表明,金银花叶醇提物治疗组的蝌蚪存活数量远高于金银花叶水提物治疗组。说明金银花叶的醇提物对患病蝌蚪有较好的治疗效果。     

樱桃砧木根癌病敏感性评价方法

建立了樱桃砧木对农杆菌敏感性的评价方法,在5种樱桃砧木,对樱桃(Prunus.pseudocerasus)、CAB(P.cerasus)、Gisela5、Gisela6(P.cerasus×P.canescens)、colt(P.avium×P.pseudocerasus)的组培苗茎上接种野生型农杆菌(C58),40d后调查结瘤百分率和瘤重,基于结瘤百分率和病情指数评价了供试材料的敏感性,结果表明:该方法能反映不同砧木的抗性水平,可作为樱桃砧木根癌病敏感性评价、筛选抗性种质的一种有效的方法。