蜂胶高生物活性黄酮组分的研究

本文探讨了蜂胶总黄酮中最具活性的黄酮类物质的提取分离、官能结构特征与功能关系、可能的功效,进而提出了如何看待蜂胶总黄酮含量高低的问题.     

八点黑獭兔不同发育时期盲肠组织结构变化的研究

为了研究獭兔不同发育时期盲肠组织结构变化特点,总结其发育规律,采用石蜡切片、HE染色技术,对相同条件下饲养的不同生长阶段(出生后1,15,30,60d)獭兔各6只进行解剖,并在显微镜下观察其盲肠组织结构.结果发现,獭兔盲肠黏膜的单层柱状上皮细胞的高度、杯状细胞的体积都随年龄的增长而变大,半环形皱襞间的距离随着年龄的增长逐渐变小,皱襞的长度和体积也随年龄增长有所增加.此外还发现,随年龄的增长八点黑獭兔盲肠蚓突内的淋巴小结数目明显增多,黏膜下层内的淋巴小结和弥散淋巴组织随年龄增长也越来越多,黏膜皱襞变得密集.     

基于生命周期评价的相同食物当量玉米与紫花苜蓿生产环境影响比较研究

为了探讨种植业结构调整对于我国环境的影响,本研究运用生命周期评价方法,计算了甘肃省民勤县农户水平2014与2015年从农资生产到农户入仓范围生产1 kg玉米籽粒及1 kg紫花苜蓿鲜草的环境影响,并使用基于蛋白质和热量的计量单位—食物当量(FEU),比较分析了1个FEU玉米籽粒和紫花苜蓿生产的全生命周期环境影响差异。结果表明,生产1 kg玉米籽粒和1 kg紫花苜蓿鲜草全生命周期的一次性能源消耗(PED)分别为9.35和1.22 MJ,水资源消耗(WU)分别为889.33和144.37 kg,矿物和化石资源消耗(DAR)分别为0.13和0.02 kg antimony-eq,气候变化潜值(GWP)分别为1.21和0.10 kg CO₂-eq,可吸入无机物(RI)分别为4.23×10^-3和1.88×10^-4 kg PM_2.5-eq,光化学臭氧合成(POFP)分别为2.41×10^-3和1.71×10^-4 kg NMVOC-eq,环境酸化潜值(AP)分别为8.55×10^-3和8.03×10^-4 kg SO₂-eq,淡水富营养化(FEP)分别为1.20和0.09 kg P-eq,生态毒性(ecotoxicity)分别为1.26×10^-2和1.49×10^-3 CTU。1个FEU紫花苜蓿生产的PED、WU、DAR、GWP、RI、POFP、AP、FEP和ecotoxicity则分别为玉米籽粒的20.50%、25.43%、21.08%、12.99%、6.98%、11.15%、14.76%、12.31%和18.58%。因而考虑到苜蓿的食物-经济比较优势,目前应给予其不少于粮食作物的种植补贴。并且如果将我国的部分玉米种植改为苜蓿种植,则是最便捷、经济的既能满足我国食物结构需求,又能减少农业生产的资源消耗与环境污染的措施。本研究同时也为在我国深入开展粮改饲提供了一定的立论基础。     

三叶草不同品种叶结构特征与抗旱性的关系

为评价三叶草3个品种抗旱能力的强弱,了解其叶解剖结构与抗旱性的关系,以黑龙江乡土白三叶(Trifolium repens L.)以及2个引进品种瑞文德(T.repens L.)和普通红三叶(T.pretense L.)为材料,田间播种后正常管理,于当年选取成株叶,采用石蜡切片法,分析3个品种叶解剖结构与抗旱性的关系。结果表明:测定的10项指标中有6项指标,包括栅栏组织厚度、栅海比值、上表皮厚度、角质层厚度、主脉导管直径,以及木质部面积与维管束面积比值在品种间差异显著,可作为评价三叶草抗旱性的理想指标,应用隶属函数值法综合评价其抗旱能力由强到弱依次为黑龙江乡土白三叶>瑞文德>普通红三叶。     

海狸鼠淋巴结的解剖及组织形态结构的初步研究

通过对健康成年海狸鼠淋巴结的初步研究发现 :海狸鼠的淋巴结被膜较薄 ,小梁不发达 ;淋巴小结数量较多 ,呈椭圆形 ,细胞排列密集 ,胞核染色较深 ,生发中心不明显 ,皮窦和髓窦相对发达。     

Analysis of genetic diversity in Bolivian llama populations using microsatellites

South American camelids (SACs) have a major role in the maintenance and potential future of rural Andean human populations. More than 60% of the 3.7 million llamas living worldwide are found in Bolivia. Due to the lack of studies focusing on genetic diversity in Bolivian llamas, this analysis investigates both the genetic diversity and structure of 12 regional groups of llamas that span the greater part of the range of distribution for this species in Bolivia. The analysis of 42 microsatellite markers in the considered regional groups showed that, in general, there were high levels of polymorphism (a total of 506 detected alleles; average PIC across per marker: 0.66), which are comparable with those reported for other populations of domestic SACs. The estimated diversity parameters indicated that there was high intrapopulational genetic variation (average number of alleles and average expected heterozygosity per marker: 12.04 and 0.68, respectively) and weak genetic differentiation among populations (F_ST range: 0.003–0.052). In agreement with these estimates, Bolivian llamas showed a weak genetic structure and an intense gene flow between all the studied regional groups, which is due to the exchange of reproductive males between the different flocks. Interestingly, the groups for which the largest pairwise F_ST estimates were observed, Sud Lípez and Nor Lípez, showed a certain level of genetic differentiation that is probably due to the pattern of geographic isolation and limited communication infrastructures of these southern localities. Overall, the population parameters reported here may serve as a reference when establishing conservation policies that address Bolivian llama populations.     

Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma with a Sarcomatoid Growth Pattern and Signet-Ring-Like Structure in a Female F344 Rat

We report a biphasic malignant mesothelioma in an aged female F344/DuCrlCrlj rat. Macroscopically, multiple pale brown nodules were observed in the abdominal cavity with retention of bloody ascites. Histopathologically, the tumor cells spread over the peritoneum and formed masses on the surface and underlying adipose tissues. The tumor cells dominantly proliferated in a solid, nodular or nest-like pattern with modest amount of fibrillar connective tissues, which contained hyaluronan. The tumor consisted of ovoid, polygonal or spindle-shaped cells that possessed eosinophilic cytoplasms including glycogen; some tumor cells showed a signet-ring-like structure. Multinucleated cells and mitosis were found frequently, and direct invasion to intra-abdominal organs and intravascular metastasis to the liver were observed. Immunohistochemically, keratin and mesothelin were strongly positive in most of tumor cells, while vimentin was mainly positive in spindle-shaped cells. Podoplanin was also positive, particularly in the cell membrane of tumor cells. Electron microscopically, tumor cells showed an intercellular desmosome-like structure, basement membrane and microvillus. We diagnosed the case as a malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with a sarcomatoid growth pattern and signet-ring-like structure.     

农副产品在我国农区养羊产业中的应用

 
论文对我国农区养羊中农副产品的应用进行了分析,指出利用农副产品养羊存在的主要问题,并提出解决对策,为我国农区养羊产业中农副产品的合理应用提供参考。