黑龙江省农业高校科技信息服务协同模式探索

黑龙江省农业高校为现代化大农业建设做出了巨大贡献,创新和完善了以农技推广中心、国营农场、农业合作组织为纽带的科技信息服务协同模式。通过对技术产品研发、培训教育和技术咨询等服务内容的研究,分析其采用项目带动、典型示范、科教培训、技术入股、教育网络联盟的多元结合方式,并在基础环境、业务制度、组织人才和资金等方面采取了有力的保障措施。     

轻钢结构抗震节能体系在“塞上农民新居”中的应用

针对宁夏地区农民传统住宅抗震性差，建筑外围护结构保温性能差，采暖系统能源消耗量大，环境污染严重等问题，提出采用轻钢结构配以轻质保温板材的轻钢结构抗震节能体系，以期为宁夏农村住宅设计提供指导性建议。     

Impact of soil engineering by two contrasting species of earthworms on their dispersal rates

By burrowing galleries and producing casts, earthworms are constantly changing the structure and properties of the soils in which they are living. These changes modify the costs and benefits for earthworms to stay in the environment they modify. In this paper, we measured experimentally how dispersal behaviour of endogeic and anecic earthworms responds to the cumulative changes they made in soil characteristics. The influence of earthworm activities on dispersal was studied in standardised mesocosms by comparing the influence of soils modified or not modified by earthworm activities on earthworm dispersal rates.The cumulative use of the soil by the earthworms strongly modified soil physical properties. The height of the soil decreased over time and the amount of aggregates smaller than 2 mm decreased in contrast to aggregates larger than 5 mm that increased. We found that: (i) earthworm activities significantly modified soil physical properties (such as bulk density, soil strength and soil aggregation) and decreased significantly the dispersal rates of the endogeic species, whatever the species that modified the soil; (ii) the decreasing in the dispersal proportion of the endogeic species suggests that the cost of engineering activities may be higher than the one of dispersal; (iii) the dispersal of the anecic species appeared to be not influenced by its own activities (intra-specific influences) or by the activities of the endogeic species (inter-specific influences). Overall these results suggest that the endogeic species is involved in a process of niche construction, which evolved jointly with its dispersal strategy.     

农产品储运环境实时监测系统设计

农产品运输车辆和储存仓库的内部温湿度等环境和位置参数是农产品物流调度管理的重要依据，综合使用物联网、无线传感器网络、GPRS无线通信、GSM短信、GPS、GIS等技术与方法，构建一个一体化的农产品储运环境的远程实时监测系统。     

新宾县农机专业合作社发展研究

发展农机专业合作社是完善农业生产经营体制的重要内容。介绍新宾县农机专业合作社的发展现状,简述合作社发展过程及主要合作形式,论述合作社成立以来发挥的作用和取得的成效,提出合作社今后发展需要重视的问题。     

我院农业科技新闻写作现状及对策研究

简要分析农业科技新闻的特性,剖析我院农业科技新闻写作存在的不足,提出写好农业科技新闻的对策,对指导农业科研院所宣传人员写好农业科技新闻具有现实意义。     

半干旱区农田杂草的生活史对策研究

2008-2009年通过利用当地常见的10种杂草种植于不同处理的农田,研究半干早区农田杂草群落结构以及10种杂草群落组分种对环境因子的响应,结果表明,1)同一物种在不同的气候环境下,可以表现出不同的生活史策略.蝇虫实、田旋花和金荞麦2008年生活史策略分别具有竟争型(C)对策属性、胁迫忍耐型(S)对策属性和中间型(C-...     

农机与农艺结合中存在的问题及对策

农机与农艺紧密结合,对于农业经济发展具有重要意义,是未来农业发展的必然趋势。阐述农机与农艺结合的重要性,分析农机与农艺结合过程中存在的问题,提出加快农机与农艺结合的有效措施,以期为现代农业的发展提供参考。     

Contrasting development of soil microbial community structure under no-tilled perennial and tilled cropping during early pedogenesis of a Mollisol

A range of agricultural practices influence soil microbial communities, such as tillage and organic C inputs, however such effects are largely unknown at the initial stage of soil formation. Using an eight-year field experiment established on exposed parent material (PM) of a Mollisol, our objectives were to: (1) to determine the effects of field management and soil depth on soil microbial community structure; (2) to elucidate shifts in microbial community structure in relation to PM, compared to an arable Mollisol (MO) without organic amendment; and (3) to identify the controlling factors of such changes in microbial community structure. The treatments included two no-tilled soils supporting perennial crops, and four tilled soils under the same cropping system, with or without chemical fertilization and crop residue amendment. Principal component (PC) analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles demonstrated that microbial community structures were affected by tillage and/or organic and inorganic inputs via PC1 and by land use and/or soil depth via PC2. All the field treatments were separated by PM into two groups via PC1, the tilled and the no-tilled soils, with the tilled soils more developed towards MO. The tilled soils were separated with respect to MO via PC1 associated with the differences in mineral fertilization and the quality of organic amendments, with the soils without organic amendment being more similar to MO. The separations via PC1 were principally driven by bacteria and associated with soil pH and soil C, N and P. The separations via PC2 were driven by fungi, actinomycetes and Gram (−) bacteria, and associated with soil bulk density. The separations via both PC1 and PC2 were associated with soil aggregate stability and exchangeable K, indicating the effects of weathering and soil aggregation. The results suggest that in spite of the importance of mineral fertilization and organic amendments, tillage and land-use type play a significant role in determining the nature of the development of associated soil microbial community structures at the initial stages of soil formation.     

“东北农机”平台的整体架构设计

依托"东北农机"平台,分析东北地区农业机械化互联网信息领域的潜力与前景,设计全新的平台架构,并对架构做简要说明与分析。