农业产业化经营研究述评

农业产业化经营是当今世界农业发展中合乎规律的必然选择,是传统农业走向现代农业的必由之路,因此对农业产业化经营的研究具有深远的现实意义。本文从农业产业化经营的内涵界定、组织模式选择、制约因素等方面,对相关的研究文献进行综合评述,并提出了未来的研究方向。     

农民专业合作社规范化发展的探索与思考

在分析、研究农民专业合作社发展问题的基础上,探索思考促进农民专业合作社规范化发展的对策措施。     

我国农村经济组织体系分析

通过分析我国现阶段农村经济组织的组织模式、功能及组织连接机制,指出我国农村经济组织已形成以农户家庭经营为基础层次,以社区合作经济组织、专业合作经济组织及以“公司 农户”为典型的契约型组织分别为第二、三、四层次,效能逐级递增,各层次之间具有互动作用的组织体系。     

我国环境二噁英监测现状分析

介绍了我国当前的二噁英排放控制标准、监测技术规范,分析了二噁英监测能力现状和二噁英监测工作中存在的问题,并提出了相应的建议。     

Introduction of Irrigation Service Fee (ISF) in Indonesia: Institutional development in action for resources management

The inability to properly maintain irrigation systems over time forced the Government of Indonesia (GOI) to seek cost recovery from water users through introduction of an irrigation service fee. The plan is to introduce this fee in all of the technical irrigation systems of Indonesia, covering about 4 million hectares, over a 12 year period. Design and Introduction of this service fee in 4 pilot areas of the 4 major rice producing provinces (West, Central and East Java, and South Sulawesi) during 1989–1991 has shown that users are willing to pay. Results of first ISF collection from over 11,000 farmers in Central and East Java in pilot systems was an encouraging 95%. However that acceptance to pay by users depends on their structured and systematic involvement in defining systems needs. They need to understand a differentiation in payment if service levels are different. They appreciate use of collected funds in the system where collected. They understand the organization of water users associations but this requires their active role in fee determination and collection. They understand the establishment of federations of these associations. ISF requires also active involvement of Local Government officials as facilitators and intermediaries between service receivers (the water users) and service providers (personnel of the Public Works irrigation department) in the introduction period. This article describes the experience of the first 21 months of the ISF project, the concept developed, the principles used as basis for ISF, the introduction at the field level, issues related to acceptance by users and by the institutions involved, and the first results.Abbreviations/Acronyms DGWRD Directorate General of Water Resources Development (Ministry of Public Works) - EOM Efficient Operation and Maintenance - Gabungan group of WUAs - IPAIR Indonesian abbreviation for ISF - ISF Irrigation Service Fee - Juru gate keeper - PBB land tax on irrigated lands - PPL agricultural field extension agent - P3A Indonesian abbreviation for Water Users Associations - PU Indonesian abbreviation for Public Works - SM Special Maintenance - WUA Water Users Associations     

农业合作经济组织发展：新兴古典框架下的重新审视

在新兴古典框架下,刻画农业合作经济组织的专业化分工经济模型,运用超边际分析方法,探讨了农业合作经济组织的内在演化机制。以湖北宜昌柑橘业合作经济组织实际发展为例,运用数据进行了相关检验。数理分析结果表明：农业合作经济组织所在区域的交易条件、生产专业化程度、交易效率与农民收入程度成正相关,着手改善经济环境,才能为合作经济组的继续发展提供动力。     

聊城市面向土地利用现状的GIS空间数据库建设构想

土地利用数据具有空间特性,利用地理信息系统技术与空间数据库管理技术实现土地数据的科学高效管理是必然的发展趋势。文章阐述了数据收集与采集规范的制定、数据预处理、数据采集、数据处理、数据库建立的建库技术流程,空间数据质量控制,空间数据的组织管理及数据库的功能实现。     

元数据与图书馆数字资源组织管理

元数据是数字图书馆建设的关键技术,也是数字图书馆进行知识组织和管理的工具。从元数据的定义、格式、编码语言、应用等方面入手,探讨了元数据在数字图书馆资源组织管理方面的规范,提出了元数据在数字图书馆建设中应注意的问题。     

Research on the Appraisal System of County Innovation in New Countryside Construction

Aiming at the target of enhancing agricultural competitive power and maintaining the sustainable countryside development, ＂the three dimensional innovation＂, namely the system innovation, the organization innovation, and the service innovation, is the basic way to raise the efficiency of productive factors, optimize the organizational structure and enhance the farmers＇ own organizational ability, thus it becomes an important proposition in the fundamental research and practice of China new countryside construction. Through the reorganization and analyses of the domestic academic achievements, this article chose ＂the county innovation in China new countryside construction＂ as the first level index, and ＂the three dimensional innovation＂ as the second level index. Totally four levels of indices, namely the strategy level, the mechanism level, the carrier level and the comment level, were introduced to construct the county innovation appraisal system. The further adjustment and supplement of the indices and the choices of computational method must be completed through spot investigation and case study.     

海门山羊笔料毛的纤维组织结构

为揭示海门山羊羊毛纤维结构特征及其与工艺性能的关系，在屠宰海门山羊时将烫退的羊毛晾干后分拣归类，分为３类，一类毛为粗毛，表面鳞片呈鱼鳞状，毛干中心充满大量髓质；二类毛虽然也属粗毛，但鳞片呈片断形（近似长方形），毛干中心的髓腔细小，髓质较少；三类毛的上、中、下３段分别具有细毛、两型毛、粗毛的特征，其鳞片分别为环形、混合型和鱼鳞形，毛干中心上段透明或呈点状髓，中段髓腔细小，髓质较少，下段充满髓质。