Fibril angle variability in earlywood of Norway spruce using soft rot cavities and polarization confocal microscopy

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the variability of the fibril angle of tracheids in earlywood of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.). Polarization confocal microscopy was chosen and compared with the method utilizing the orientation of soft rot cavities. There was a significant correlation between the soft rot and polarization confocal microscopy methods, which showed the same trend of high fibril angles in the first part of the earlywood followed by a decrease toward the end of earlywood. This declining trend was less pronounced in annual rings containing compression wood. Moreover, large variations in fibril angle occurred between neighboring tracheids. The investigation also emphasized the differences between X-ray diffraction and microscopic methods, as the large variation seen by the latter methods is not seen by the X-ray diffraction approach because of its large area of measurement. No correlation was found between fiber morphology (i.e., average length, width, density) and the average fibril angle in the investigated annual rings.     

Soft X-ray observation of water distribution in the stem ofCryptomeria japonica D. Don II: Types found in wet-area distribution patterns in transverse sections of the stem

Using soft X-ray photography, two-dimensional observations were made of the water distribution within the green stem ofCryptomeria japonica D. Don. Variations in the distribution pattern of the wet area in the horizontal plane of the lower stem were described. The distribution patterns showed extreme variation among individual trees, with broad wet-area distribution types appearing, namely, the regularly distributed wet area and the irregularly distributed wet area. We defined five basic types of wet-area distribution patterns on the basis of their regularity or irregularity. It was concluded that the between-tree variation in the wet-area distribution causes the between-tree variation in the mean moisture content of the heartwood. The distribution patterns of the wet area were similar for individual trees within each plus-tree clone.Part of this paper was presented at 46th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society at Kumamoto, April 1996     

酚醛树脂对人工林杉木木材的浸注性及其改善的研究

研究了低分子量酚醛树脂对杉木木材的浸注性及树脂在木材内的分布状态，并对苯醇抽提前处理法、常压浸渍和真空浸注的效果进行了评价。无论抽提处理与否，常压浸渍的树脂水溶液充填率为理论最大浸注量的10％左右，而真空浸注可达到90％以上，真空浸注效果明显；无论是常压浸渍还是真空浸注，抽提处理后树脂的浸注性有很大改善，但常压浸渍的效果不是非常明显。软X射线解析样品纵向树脂分布状态结果表明：无论是否经过抽提处理，在常压浸渍的情况下，树脂主要分布在样品的端部，而经过真空浸注处理，树脂注入的深度增加，尤其经过抽提处理后树脂可达到样品中心。由此可见，抽提处理和真空浸注并用，使树脂的分布状态有很大改善。另外，抽提处理后样品之间树脂分布的差异也趋于减小，即树脂在样品间的分布状态也有改善。用实体显微镜观察树脂在木材细胞腔内的充填状况结果表明：沿着样品纵向从端部到中心树脂充填率呈下降趋势，而且抽提处理的充填率比未抽提处理的高。     

湿地松等20个树种种子射线造影技术研究

应用软Ｘ射线仪对湿地松等２０个树种种子进行衬比造影和直接造影技术研究，找出了各树种种子不同焦片片距（３００ｍｍ和２００ｍｍ）不同感光材料（Ｘ光胶片、普通胶片、相纸）的最适电压、电流和曝光时间，以及最适衬比剂、衬比浓度和衬比时间．     

Wood Moisture Content Measurement by X-Ray Exposure Method

lNTRoDUCTIONTheon-sitcnon-dcstructit'cmcasurcl11cntofu.oodmoisbocontcntattTactsgrcatintcrcsts.Itpla3'simpor-tantpartsinthescicntificrcscarchsucl1asonthchcatandmasstransportproccssesint"ooddri'ing.thcim-pregnationofliquidinxt'ood.thcmoisturccontcntdistri-b…     

Crystallity Change of Compressed Poplar Wood Treated by PF Resin

INTRODUCTIONWith the implementing of the Natural ForestryProtection policies in China, the plantation forestry willplay a much larger part in meeting the demand for wood.But the plantation wood, especially Poplar and Fir, havecommon properties of soft structure, low density andpoor processing. Generally speaking, these propertiescan be evidently improved by compressing. MasafumiInoue et al. (1991a, 1991b, 1990) had studied thesurface compression of coniferous wood. Their studiesshowed …     

杨树微纤丝角的变异及其与木材性质的相关关系

微纤丝角为细胞次生壁S2层微纤丝排列方向与细胞主轴所形成的夹角,与木材的物理性质、力学性质和化学性质都有着直接的关系。应用x射线衍射法测定了7个杨树无性系(14株样木)胸径处各年轮的微纤丝角,并对应分析和测定了各年轮的木材基本密度、纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维素含量。研究结果表明,杨树微纤丝角在年轮间存在显著差异,其径向变异规律为从髓心向外以微纤丝角逐渐降低,年轮间的平均微纤丝角在7.8旱?8褐洌荒静幕久芏取⑾宋ざ取⑾宋矶群拖宋睾吭谀曷旨湟泊嬖谙灾钜臁O喙胤治霰砻鳎⑾怂拷怯肽静幕久芏取⑾宋ざ取⑾宋矶群拖宋睾看嬖谙灾母合喙毓叵??0.01),相关系数分别为-0.450、-0.586、-0.516和-0.660。回归分析结果表明,多项式方程可较好地描述杨树微纤丝角与所测定的木材性质的关系,相关系数均在-0.45以上(n=125)。本文的研究结果认为,在今后针对杨树材性改良的育种计划中,微纤丝角是一个重要的选育和改良指标。图3表3参34。     

橡子利用的研究（Ⅲ）——橡实淀粉的特性

研究了橡实淀粉的化学成分、颗粒形貌、Ｘ－射线衍射图谱与模型、碘亲和力与链淀粉含量、差热分析、糊化温度、糊粘度曲线及冰融稳定性等性质，并对其利用的可能范围进行了分析．     

巴西橡胶树不同抗风性品系木材胞壁纤丝角

应用X射线（002）衍射的Cave法，对巴西橡胶树的13个具不同抗风力的品系PR107、海垦1、RRIM600、PB86、GT1等主干和枝干木材纤维壁的（微）纤丝角，进行了初步测试分析，结果表明：主和枝干木材纤维壁S2层的纤丝角，在抗风和弱抗风品系之间存在着明显的差异；品系的抗风力与木材纤维S2层纤丝角度有一定的关系，抗风品系的木材纤维壁S2层纤丝角度较小，弱抗风品系的纤丝角度较大；主干木材纤维S2层纤丝角度小于枝干材的纤丝角度。     

红毛丹组织X射线衰减系数与其密度的相关性

通过分别测定红毛丹果实各部分的厚度,并利用X射线图像测定射线强度,研究其X射线衰减系数,同时研究衰减系数与其密度的相关性,建立射线强度和厚度的回归方程以及果实的衰减系数与果实的果皮、果肉、果仁衰减系数的关系,为外形尺寸大小的分级奠定基础。