潮土区小麦-玉米轮作周期内土壤钾素动态研究 Ⅰ.不施钾条件下土壤钾素动态与垂直变化

采用大田试验和室内分析的方法,研究了豫北潮土区小麦玉米轮作周期内土壤钾素的动态及垂直变化。结果表明：在不施钾肥条件下,轮作期内土壤钾素消耗量较大,速效钾的大量消耗促进了缓效钾的释放;缓效钾在土壤供钾水平降低时也是作物吸钾的重要来源。土壤钾素的动态变化及其在剖面中的垂直移动,主要受作物吸收、温度、降水及土壤水分运动的影响。作物生育前期以表层钾素供应为主,在需钾高峰期心土和底土供钾也很重要。小麦生育期钾素以向上运移为主,而玉米生育期内钾素以向下淋移较为显著。轮作期土壤钾素的消耗主要是由于作物吸收,也有少量的淋失。在该地区生产中,补施钾肥、增加农家肥和秸秆用量十分必要。     

非惯性参考系中弹性薄板的动力学性态在参数激励与强迫激励联合作用下的动力学分析

研究非惯性参考系中弹性薄板的大范围运动与大变形运动相互耦合时的动力学性态．利用多尺度法得到了参数激励与强迫激励联合作用下非惯性参考系中弹性薄板主共振－基本参数共振时的分叉响应方程,用数值分析模拟法讨论了每个物理参数对该系统动力性能的影响．     

油梨开花物候的研究

研究结果表明,油梨嫁接苗在定植后第三、四年可在海南正常生长并开花,开花期一般在２月上中旬至４月上中旬;油梨小花开放两开两合,第１次开放雌蕊成熟,第２次开放雄蕊成熟,整个过程历时约２４￣３６ｈ;油梨异常花比例高,在２０％以上;有限花序仅在部分油梨品种中出现,比例很低,一般在３％以下。根据部分油梨品种的开花物候特点,确定了部分油梨授粉品种的搭配。     

几种常用中草药对皱纹盘鲍摄食行为的影响

通过实验观察了皱纹盘鲍对党参、黄芪、当归、白术、白芍、麦芽、莱菔子、神曲、山楂、鸡内金１０种中草药的摄食行为反应,发现均未对皱纹盘鲍产生驱避效应,其中山楂还表现出诱食活性。结果表明这１０种中草药均可作为皱纹盘鲍的饲料添加剂。     

论耕地总量动态平衡及其实施的技术基础

从土地管理的目标出发,分析了耕地总量动态平衡的实质,提出了耕地总量动态平衡的内涵及其函数模型,进而分析了耕地数量、耕地质量、时代（时间）和区域（空间）等四个变量因素与耕地总量动态平衡的相关性,并认为制定一个科学的、切实可行的土地利用总体规划是实施耕地总量动态平衡的技术基础．     

福州市区环境和土地利用遥感监测与预报的探讨

应用遥感技术,对土地利用变化率极高的福州市区进行长达２０年的环境与土地利用动态监测实验,并在此基础上进行动态分析与评价．实验与研究结果表明,采用航空和资源卫星遥感获取的图象和资料,进行环境与土地利用类型动态预测与评价其数据可靠,且成本费用低,方法切实可行．分析结果可应用于建立与更新土地管理数据库,为各级制定合理开发利用与保护土地资源的方针与政策提供科学的依据．同时还可对城市规划管理与研究城市演变提供宝贵资料．     

豫西旱地夏玉米农田水分动态变化及平衡研究

根据1992～1995连续4年的夏玉米农田土壤水分动态、水分平衡试验,研究了豫西旱地夏玉米田水分动态规律、需水规律及水分盈亏状况。结果表明：本区夏玉米田多年水分变化有4个阶段;夏玉米的需水量为369mm,4年试验水分满足率平均83．4呢,常年（30年资料）水分满足率为99．4%,个另11年份及生育阶段水分亏缺严重,在豫西是否种植应根据降水年型,特别是根据当年的底墒情况及夏玉米生育期间降水预测量来决定。     

Dietary zinc concentration and lipopolysaccharide injection affect circulating trace minerals,acute phase protein response,and behavior as evaluated by an ear-tag–based accelerometer in beef steers

To assess plasma trace mineral (TM) concentrations, the acute phase protein response, and behavior in response to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, 96 Angus cross steers (average initial body weight [BW]: 285 ± 14.4 kg) were sorted into two groups by BW (heavy and light; n = 48/group), fitted with an ear-tag–based accelerometer (CowManager SensOor; Agis, Harmelen, Netherlands), and stagger started 14 d apart. Consecutive day BW was recorded to start the 24-d trial (days −1 and 0). Dietary treatments began on day 0: common diet with either 30 (Zn30) or 100 (Zn100) mg supplemental Zn/kg DM (ZnSO₄). On day 17, steers received one of the following injection treatments intravenously to complete the 2 × 3 factorial: 1) SALINE (~2–3 mL of physiological saline), 2) LOWLPS: 0.25 µg LPS/kg BW, or 3) HIGHLPS: 0.375 µg LPS/kg BW. Blood, rectal temperature (RT), and BW were recorded on day 16 (−24 h relative to injection), and BW was used to assign injection treatment. Approximately 6, 24 (day 18), and 48 (day 19) h after treatment, BW, RT, and blood were collected, and final BW recorded on day 24. Data were analyzed in Proc Mixed of SAS with fixed effects of diet, injection, diet × injection; for BW, RT, dry matter intake (DMI), plasma TM, and haptoglobin-repeated measures analysis were used to evaluate effects over time. Area under the curve analysis determined by GraphPad Prism was used for analysis of accelerometer data. Body weight was unaffected by diet or injection (P ≥ 0.16), but there was an injection × time effect for DMI and RT (P < 0.05), where DMI decreased in both LPS treatments on day 16, but recovered by day 17, and RT was increased in LPS treatments 6 h post-injection. Steers receiving LPS spent less time highly active and eating than SALINE (P < 0.01). Steers in HIGHLPS spent lesser time ruminating, followed by LOWLPS and then SALINE (P < 0.001). An injection × time effect (P < 0.001) for plasma Zn showed decreased concentrations within 6 h of injection and remained decreased through 24 h before recovering by 48 h. A tendency for a diet × time effect (P = 0.06) on plasma Zn suggests plasma Zn repletion occurred at a greater rate in Zn100 compared to Zn30. These results suggest that increased supplemental Zn may alter the rate of recovery of Zn status from an acute inflammatory event. Additionally, ear-tag–based accelerometers used in this study were effective at detecting sickness behavior in feedlot steers, and rumination may be more sensitive than other variables.     

昆虫趋泥行为的研究进展

昆虫取食、生殖等行为一直备受行为学家和进化生物学学家的关注。趋泥行为是鳞翅目昆虫中较为常见的一种补充营养的特殊行为。随着众多假说的提出,趋泥行为发生的内在机制逐渐成为行为生态学和进化生物学研究的热点问题之一。尽管昆虫趋泥行为的报道较多,但现有的理论和试验数据尚存分歧。本文简要回顾了昆虫趋泥行为的研究历史、介绍了趋泥行为发生的性别、虫龄差异及驱动力假说,评述了这一行为对昆虫生态适应及生殖生理的影响,并提出了应整合多个层面上的研究来探讨昆虫趋泥行为在生态学以及昆虫进化过程中的意义。     

橡胶木胶合板阻燃技术研究 Ⅳ.橡胶木胶合板的燃烧性质及热性质

通过对橡胶木胶合板与水曲柳胶合板、杨木胶合板、椴木胶合板的点着性、燃烧释热性、火焰传播性、发烟性以及热重曲线的对比,了解橡胶木胶合板的燃烧性质和热性质,并进一步探讨ＷＦＲ作为橡胶木胶合板阻燃剂的处理效果。