江西省林地年度变更试点和森林资源补充调查的初步实践与积极探索

森林资源监测工作,是摸清森林资源家底、为各级政府制定林业和生态建设方针政策提供决策依据的一项基础性工作。2013年,国家启动了林地年度变更暨森林资源补充调查工作,江西省是10个试点省份之一。笔者对江西省在林地变更暨森林资源补充调查的实施方案,技术路线和体制机制等方面进行探讨,提出几点对策建议。     

面向医院在线信息服务的用户利用行为及影响因素研究——以河北省为例

[目的/意义]随着数字时代发展,许多传统医疗机构打造了一系列以患者为中心的线上用户服务项目,但其实际被利用情况、效果以及影响因素还有待进一步考证。[方法/过程]本研究以河北省10家三甲医院为例,调查医院提供的在线服务渠道、类型及具体内容,并进一步探究有医疗需求的患者及家属利用医院在线服务的影响因素。[结果/结论]研究发现,当前医院在线服务主要通过官方网站、微信公众号、微信小程序、支付宝生活号等4类渠道,提供智能分诊、线上线下问诊、个人线上健康管理、缴费管理、疫情应对等17项主要服务内容。用户的年龄、教育程度,以及感知平台服务效用、信息效用、努力期望、社会影响、感知风险等因素,对用户利用医院在线服务有多维度影响。     

钛酸酯偶联剂对竹塑发泡复合材料性能的影响

研究了钛酸酯(DN301)偶联剂对竹塑发泡复合材料物理力学性能、热学性能和流变性能的影响,并采用环境扫描电镜观察材料的界面微观结构.结果表明,添加适量的钛酸酯可有效提高竹塑发泡复合材料的力学性能和耐水性能,钛酸酯最佳用量为竹粉质量的2%,材料密度为0.85 g·cm-3,比弯曲、比拉伸、比缺口冲击强度、弯曲模量分别为42.68 MPa、22.32 MPa、5.83 kJ·m-2和2828.04 MPa,与未改性时相比,分别提高了10.4%、7.9%、15.8%和6.8%;改性复合材料浸水1440 h后的吸水率和厚度膨胀率分别由未改性时的8.80%和1.85%降至2.48%和1.36%.频率扫描结果显示,改性复合材料的储能模量和复数黏度下降,流变性能和均相性增强.热重测定结果表明,改性复合材料的热稳定性略微提高.扫描电镜观察结果表明改性复合材料的界面相容性提高.     

Timed Artificial Insemination by Combining Estrous Behavior Observation With Deslorelin Treatment in Jennies

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal time for ovulation induction and artificial insemination (AI) based on the relationship between estrous behavior and ovulation in jennies. Thirty-two jennies were teased by one jackass for 1 hour per day during 46 days and estrous behaviors were recorded, while the follicular development and ovulation was examined by ultrasound. Furthermore, another 31 jennies were teased by one jackass as the teasing group (group T), which were injected with Deslorelin at 2 and 4 days after the onset of estrus, and AI was performed at 8 hours after each injection. Moreover, Ultrasound was performed on the follicle development of 23 jennies as the ultrasonography group (group U). Injection with Deslorelin when the follicle diameter ≥ 30 mm, and AI was performed at 8 hours later. The results showed that mouth clapping was the specific estrous behavior of jennies and indicated the beginning of estrus. The mean time for jennies to develop dominant follicles (≥30 mm) after the onset of estrus was 3.5 ± 1.3 days, and the mean time between the onset of estrus and ovulation was 5.1 ± 1.5 days. Estrous behaviors ended 0.5 ± 1.2 days after ovulation. After AI, there were no significant differences in ovulation (96.8% vs. 91.3%) and conception rates (40.0% vs. 38.1%) between group T and U. The optimal breeding time of jennies can be determined by jackass teasing and hastening ovulation by Deslorelin injection.     

Feed intake pattern of broiler chickens under intermittent lighting: Do birds eat in the dark?

This paper reflects the results of a short experiment conducted in parallel with a larger trial which aimed to test the assumption that ‘consumption of feed by broiler chickens during periods of darkness is largely negligible’. To that effect, on d 31, feeders of birds raised under intermittent lighting (IL), i.e. 1 h of light [1L]:3 h of dark (3D):1L:3D:1L:3D:1L:3D:2L:6D, were weighed at the onset and at the end of each period of darkness (or scotoperiod). Moreover, in order to compare the feeding behavior of IL birds with that of broilers raised under continuous lighting (CL, i.e. 18L:6D), their feeders were weighed in parallel and at the same time points. On d 31, feed intake of IL birds during scotoperiods represented 45% of their 24 h feed intake. Both CL and IL birds presented anticipatory feed intake prior to the long nocturnal period of darkness (6D), as well as higher feed intake right at the onset of lighting at 06:00. Feed intake of CL birds during the 6D nocturnal scotoperiod was negligible at around 2% of their total feed intake. Intermittent lighting birds exhibited excitement at the start of each hour-length scotoperiod and, within that time, ingested around 2.5 times the amount of feed ingested by CL birds. Although short, this study revealed several interesting observations which might be worth further exploring in a larger, lengthier, behavior-focused experiment. Amongst other factors, it might be interesting to understand whether the high feed intake observed during scotoperiods for IL birds in reflective of the whole flock or rather a coping mechanism developed mainly by hierarchically lower-ranking birds to achieve their daily feed intakes requirements.     

不同芦苇沼泽湿地土壤全氮季节动态变化和氮储量研究(简报)

以向海湿地为研究对象,研究了封闭性湿地和开放性湿地土壤全氮含量的季节动态变化特征及其氮储量。结果表明,封闭性湿地与开放性湿地土壤全氮含量的季节动态变化过程既存在差异,又具有一定的相似性,2个典型区各层土壤中全氮含量均可采用四次多项式拟合进行动态模拟。封闭性湿地与开放性湿地土壤氮密度均由表层向下逐渐下降,二者1 m深的土壤氮密度分别为0.95和1.05 kg/m2,其中40 cm以上土层的贡献率均达到66%以上。     

Sex,age, or genetic differences related to play behaviors in Japanese Black calves

Play behavior in young animals has been used to evaluate the condition (health) of livestock. We investigated age, sex, and genetic differences of Japanese Black calves in relation to frequency of play behaviors (galloping, leaping, turning, bucking, head butting objects, and head shaking) and examined how these relationships might affect growth during the suckling stage. Locomotor play behaviors (galloping, leaping, turning, and bucking) and head butting objects gradually declined with the age for both sexes. The frequency of head butting was significantly higher in males than females. We found that significant interaction effects (age × MAOA polymorphism) in play behaviors (except head shaking) and the frequencies of locomotor play in calves without the wild‐type allele were significantly higher than those in younger calves (2 and 6 weeks of age). Weight gain was significantly correlated with the frequency of locomotor play in females, but not in males. This study suggests that play in Japanese Black calves gradually declines as they mature and that play may be controlled by variations in the MAOA gene. In addition, the frequency of locomotor play may be an indicator of health in female calves.