Comparison of ultrasonography, radiography and a single computed tomography slice for fluid identification within the feline tympanic bulla

Evaluation of the tympanic bulla (TB) in cases of acute feline otitis media can be a diagnostic challenge, although a feature often associated with this condition is the accumulation of fluid or material within the middle ear cavity. A technique is reported allowing optimum imaging of the feline TB using ultrasound (US) and recording of the appearance of gas and fluid-filled TB. A random number of bullae in 42 feline cadavers were filled with lubricant and rostroventral-caudodorsal oblique radiographs, single slice computed tomography (CT) images and US images were created and interpreted by blinded operators. The content (fluid or gas) of each TB was determined using each technique and the cadavers were then frozen and sectioned for confirmation. CT remained the most accurate diagnostic method, but US produced better results than radiology. Given the advantages of US over other imaging techniques, these results suggest that further work is warranted to determine applications of this modality in the evaluation of clinical cases of feline otitis media.     

强化污泥厌氧消化预处理技术的研究进展

污泥的厌氧消化技术能够有效实现污泥的减量化、无害化与资源化,在当今许多国家得到了广泛的应用。为了提高厌氧消化过程的效率,各种化学、物理以及生物技术被用于厌氧消化的预处理。介绍了碱解处理、热处理、超声波处理、微波处理的基本原理、特点及应用前景,并对近几年研究者们所关注的一些联合预处理技术做了介绍。     

稳态化米糠蛋白超声波辅助提取及其性质研究

以稳态化米糠为原料,研究超声波-碱溶酸沉联用技术提取米糠蛋白。以超声波处理时间、超声波功率、超声波处理温度及液料比为考察因素,以米糠清蛋白和谷蛋白提取率为目标值进行单因素试验,并对超声波最佳条件下获得米糠清蛋白和谷蛋白氨基酸组成、微观结构、二级结构及热稳定性进行分析研究。结果表明:超声波处理时间10 min、超声波功率160 W、超声波处理温度50℃、液料比10 m L/g条件下,米糠清蛋白、谷蛋白提取率均可达最大值;氨基酸组成、微观结构及二级结构分别表明稳态化米糠清蛋白和谷蛋白仍具有其典型特征,且热稳定性较高。     

不同浸提方法对茶汤品质的影响

为了探讨不同浸提方法对茶饮料品质的影响,本研究采用高温浸提(90℃)、低温浸提(50℃)和超声波浸提(50℃)三种不同方法浸提,测定茶汤生化成分和色差,并对茶汤进行感官审评。结果表明：不同浸提方法提取茶汤,高温提取的茶固型物提取率高,但茶汤明度低。低温浸提和低温超声波辅助浸提茶汤明度高,而且低温超声波辅助浸提的茶固型物提取率较高。因此,低温超声波辅助浸提是优质茶饮料生产的有效浸提方法。     

超声辅助离子液体分散液液微萃取水体中的四溴双酚A

建立了超声辅助离子液体分散液液微萃取-液相色谱分析水体中四溴双酚A(Tetrabromobisphenol-A,TBBP-A)的方法,并采用正交试验法对萃取参数进行了优化。所建立的方法检测限为0.018μg/L,检测范围为40~10~5μg/L,相关系数为0.998 9,RSD为7.9%。采用所建立的方法对实际水样进行测定,未检测出四溴双酚A,实际水体加标回收率为95.4%。该方法具有操作简便、环保、灵敏度高、准确、重现性好的特点,适合水体中痕量TBBP-A的分析检测。     

超声辅助提取金果榄中总多酚的工艺研究

[目的]研究金果榄中总多酚的最佳提取工艺。[方法]采用超声波法对金果榄中总多酚进行提取,采用正交试验设计,分别考察乙醇质量浓度、超声功率、料液比、提取时间对金果榄中总多酚提取率的影响。[结果]最佳的工艺条件为乙醇质量浓度50%、料液比为1∶40、提取时间60 min、超声功率100 W,最优条件下的总多酚含量为25.078 2 mg/g。[结论]该研究为金果榄进一步开发利用提供理论依据。     

超声波辅助黄芩总黄酮提取及抗氧化性能研究

研究采用超声辅助法对黄芩中的黄酮类化合物进行提取并考察其抗氧化性能。探索了乙醇浓度、提取温度、料液比等工艺参数变化对黄酮收率的影响。当以60%的乙醇、1∶40的料液比、70 ℃提取1.5 h、超声辅助提取时间为40 min时,获得最高黄酮提取率为8.53%。黄芩黄酮具有抗氧化性且存在浓度依赖。     

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in veterinary echocardiographers: A cross-sectional study on prevalence and risk factors

ObjectiveAssess the relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and performing echocardiograms (ECHOS) in veterinarians with a cardiology focus.MethodsProspective study. A survey was submitted to the ACVIM veterinary cardiology list-serve regarding pain associated with performing ECHOS (ECHOPain). Associations of demographic and work habit variables with ECHOPain and WRMSD were evaluated with logistic regression.ResultsRespondents included 198 of 487 (41%) members, evenly divided in gender. Most (69%) were 31–50 years old. Almost all (96%) currently perform ECHOS, usually 4–5 ECHOS/week (74%), every week except vacation (93%). ECHOPain was reported by 87 people (44%), which was classified as mild/occasional in 77%, frequent/moderate in 21%, and frequent/severe in 2%. Of those with ECHOPain, 52% reported ECHOS as the sole cause, 31% reported ECHOS aggravating pain from a pre-existing problem, and 17% reported unrelated pain. The most common areas of pain were neck (54%), shoulder (52%), wrist (42%), and back (35%) with 78% reporting pain at 2 or more sites. Pain impaired job performance in 36%, required sick leave or disability in 12%, required reduction in ECHOS/day in 36%, and affected lifestyle in 22%. Ten percent of people have been diagnosed with WRMSD, of which 21% have a permanent disability. Both gender and weeks/year predicted pain with ECHOS (χ²(3) = 11.38, P = 0.01). The odds ratio for females versus males with ECHOPain was 2.23.ConclusionECHOPain is common (44%) in veterinary echocardiographers, is significantly associated with gender, and affects job performance for over one-third of pain sufferers.     

B-Mode Ultrasonographic Abnormalities and Power Doppler Signal in Suspensory Ligament Branches of Nonlame Working Quarter Horses

Information concerning B-mode ultrasonographic abnormalities and power Doppler (PD) signal in suspensory ligament branches of nonlame working Quarter Horses are not reported. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of B-mode ultrasonographic abnormalities and PD signal in suspensory ligament branches in a group of nonlame working Quarter Horses and to compare B-mode findings with PD findings of horses in two different training (barrel racing and team roping). Twenty-one Quarter Horses in training, 14 barrel racing (Group B) and seven team roping horses (Group R), were assessed by ultrasound for screening purpose. A total of 168 suspensory ligament branches were examined (B-mode and PD examinations). B-mode lesions were seen more frequently in forelimbs (25 branches) than in hindlimbs (10 branches). Power Doppler signal was not detected in suspensory ligament branches that were normal at B-mode, whereas it was visible in 22 of the 35 branches abnormal at B-mode. Horses of Group R showed more B-mode abnormalities and more PD signal in branches abnormal in B-mode.