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121.
龙眼光合作用对环境温度的响应和适应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在年生长期中测定了龙眼叶片光合作用对测度的影响,结果发现,龙眼光合作用最适温与最适温下的光饱和光合速率都有一定的季节变化,但季节变幅不大,不同季节的光合最适温在22~28℃之间,光合最适温与植株前5-10天所处的环境平均气温密切相关,春秋季光合最适明显高于环境气温,夏季光合最适明显低于环境气温,光合最适温随光照强度的变化而变化,这些结果显示了龙眼光合作用对环境温度的特殊要求。 相似文献
122.
S. Flasse C. Walker H. Biggs P. Stephenson P. Hutchinson 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1998,33(1-4):31-38
The Directorate of Veterinary Services of the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Rural Development of Namibia issues warnings to farmers in the south of the country about the likelihood of infestation of small-stock by the nasal bot fly, Oestrus ovis. Farmers can then treat their stock at the most appropriate time. The O. ovis puparia develop at shallow depths in the soil and the timing of emergence is directly dependent on climatic conditions, specifically the number of degree-days above a particular threshold soil temperature. Based on temperature measurements from only a few stations scattered throughout the country, the veterinary department warnings lack precision in space and time. This paper presents an attempt to support the programme of warnings with accumulated temperature information from Meteosat satellite images, in order to strengthen predictions of the time of emergence in specific places, and to improve the precision and reliability of warnings given to farmers. 相似文献
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124.
《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(2):252-266
Due to their high emission potential, the reporting of CO2 emissions from peatlands requires exact emission factors for different land use categories. Recently used emission factors are mainly based on CO2 flux measurements by chamber techniques or the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) method. However, evidence about the reliability and comparability of annual CO2 balances based on these methods is scarce. Therefore, manual chamber measurements of ecosystem respiration (RECO) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were conducted for two years (March 2012–April 2014) to model annual balances of two sites on fen soils with different land use intensity in northern Germany: an unutilized and rewetted grassland (UG) and an intensively utilized wet grassland (GW). Simultaneously, EC measurements of NEE were conducted on the sites. Two reasons for occasionally great deviations in NEE between the methods could be observed: (1) the accordance of both methods was most hampered during transition periods such as the beginning of the growing season and the onset of regrowth after a grassland defoliation due to different spatial scales of EC and chamber measurements and (2) RECO and gross primary production (GPP) partitioned from EC NEE measurements were systematically lower than those from the chamber‐based model, which could be a result of the EC energy balance gap. Differences were more pronounced for the managed site GW as a result of more frequent regrowth periods. It is concluded that the EC and chamber method can show comparable results for the CO2 exchange of grasslands on fen soils when the limitations of both methods are known and considered for the reporting of emission factors. These limitations are due to energy balance closure and potentially biased footprints for EC and a restricted representativeness especially during early stages of plant development for the chamber method. 相似文献
125.
浅谈低温热水地板采暖的特点及应用前景 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
低温热水地板采暖广泛应用于北欧、美国、加拿大以及韩国等国家,但在我国地板采暖的应用才刚刚起步。本文简要阐述了低温热水地板采暖的特点,并对其在我国的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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128.
Shang Deku 《林业研究》1990,1(1):79-85
An analogy between water flux and the field of temperature gradient in a column of wood fuel chips was discovered by these
experiments. The heat—mass transfer coefficient was determined by least squares method. An equation relating water flux and
temperature gradient was developed and it was demonstrated that the temperature gradient was the main driving force for water
transport. The mechanism was evaporation—condensation of water vapor through natural convection in air phase. The study gives
a theoretical explanation for analyzing the problem of water transport in wood particle material. 相似文献
129.
樟树幼树光合特性及其对CO2浓度和温度升高的响应 总被引:34,自引:2,他引:34
用Li COR 6 4 0 0便携式光合作用测定系统对亚热带常绿阔叶树种樟树幼树的光合特性及其对CO2 升高的响应进行了研究。结果表明 :樟树叶片光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线 ,最高峰出现在 10 :0 0 ,次高峰出现在 14 :0 0 ,午间有明显的“午休”现象 ,气孔因素是导致午休的主要原因。中午光照强度大 ,叶片与空气之间的水汽压差达到最大值 ,相对湿度、气孔导度、胞间CO2 浓度达到最小值 ,诱导叶片光合午休。正常大气条件下 ,樟树叶片光饱和点为 12 5 0 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 ,光补偿点 4 0 6 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 ,在 10 0 0 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 光强下CO2 饱和点为 12 0 0 μmol·mol- 1 ,CO2 补偿点为 5 0 μmol·mol- 1 。水分利用效率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率在不同的CO2 浓度梯度下 ,随着光强的增加而增加。在 2 4~ 35℃时 ,随着光合有效辐射的增加 ,温度升高导致樟树光合速率降低。 相似文献
130.
One-day rate measurements for estimating net nitrification potential in humid forest soils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Donald S. Ross Guinevere Fredriksen Austin E. Jamison Beverley C. Wemple Scott W. Bailey James B. Shanley Gregory B. Lawrence 《Forest Ecology and Management》2006,230(1-3):91-95
Measurements of net nitrification rates in forest soils have usually been performed by extended sample incubation (2–8 weeks), either in the field or in the lab. Because of disturbance effects, these measurements are only estimates of nitrification potential and shorter incubations may suffice. In three separate studies of northeastern USA forest soil surface horizons, we found that laboratory nitrification rates measured over 1 day related well to those measured over 4 weeks. Soil samples of Oa or A horizons were mixed by hand and the initial extraction of subsamples, using 2 mol L−1 KCl, occurred in the field as soon as feasible after sampling. Soils were kept near field temperature and subsampled again the following day in the laboratory. Rates measured by this method were about three times higher than the 4-week rates. Variability in measured rates was similar over either incubation period. Because NO3− concentrations were usually quite low in the field, average rates from 10 research watersheds could be estimated with only a single, 1-day extraction. Methodological studies showed that the concentration of NH4+ increased slowly during contact time with the KCl extractant and, thus, this contact time should be kept similar during the procedure. This method allows a large number of samples to be rapidly assessed. 相似文献