黄芪多糖对大肠埃希菌侵入肠上皮细胞的保护研究

采用CaCo2细胞单层肠上皮系统感染模型,将5×10-5mmol/L,1×10-4mmol/L和2×10-4mmol/L 3种不同浓度的黄芪多糖及不含黄芪多糖DMEM细胞培养液分别加入已平铺于培养板的CaCo2细胞单层系统中与定量的大肠埃希菌混合培养,观察侵入细胞的大肠埃希菌量。结果黄芪多糖浓度为5×10-5,1×10-4mmol/L和2×10-4mmol/L,处理的CaCo2细胞液的细菌培养数量分别为252.5个±54.5个,240.8个±44.2个和292.7个±71.3个,而对照组为598.8个±114.8个,显示黄芪多糖能显著减少大肠埃希菌进入上皮细胞的数量,增强肠黏膜的屏障功能。     

Caco-2细胞模型及其在营养素小肠吸收机理研究中的应用

Caco-2细胞源自人结肠癌细胞,体外培养时能自发地进行类似肠道细胞的形态学和生化学上的分化,获得许多小肠吸收细胞的特性,如形成微绒毛结构;在细胞表面形成良好的刷状缘;在细胞间形成紧密连接;分泌水解酶以及合成转运糖、氨基酸和药物等的载体转运系统。由培养在微孔滤膜上的Caco-2细胞构建的模型为研究营养素在小肠的吸收机理提供了一个有效且易于操作的实验手段。本文主要综述了Caco-2细胞模型的建立、特征、检测及其在氨基酸、维生素、核苷和微量元素等营养素小肠吸收机理研究中的应用。     

贵州优良草种苇状羊茅规范化栽培施肥试验

2003~2004年采用二次通用旋转组合设计研究了氮、磷、钾不同施用水平对苇状羊茅鲜草产量的影响,获得优化回归模型为y=3426．86 623．07x1 220．75x3;主效应分析表明,增施氮、钾肥的增产效果十分明显,而增施磷肥的作用很小。经模拟寻优,获得年产鲜草4 864kg／667m2的施肥方案为每667m2施纯N 50kg、纯K2O 55kg。     

水稻不育系培矮64S的空间诱变效应及后代的SSR分析

对经过卫星搭载的培矮64S种子及后代进行了有关性状研究和SSR标记分析,结果表明:培矮64S空间诱变后代SP1代发芽率、存苗率、株高、抽穗期、株叶型的性状与对照相比没有明显变化;但SP2代在株高、粒型和育性等性状上发生了变异;从SP3代中获得柱头比培矮64S明显增大的变异株系,这对于改良培矮64S的异交结实率和提高制种产量具有重要意义。此外,对10个SP3变异株进行SSR分析结果表明,扩增片段数目变化约占55.21%,扩增片段分子量变化约占44.79%,空间诱变引起的变异可能是以DNA缺失-重复为主。SSR座位的变异频率平均为23.33%,变异座位在水稻基因组中是随机分布的。     

Effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate on epididymal sperm parameters in adult male rats

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is widely used as a flame retardant and is known to exhibit anti-androgenic effects in vitro and in vivo. To assess the reproductive toxicity potency of TDCIPP, we investigated the effects of 7 days of TDCIPP oral administration on epididymal sperm motion and concentration in adult male Wistar–Imamichi rats. Thirty-five days after the final administration, sperm parameters were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Results showed that sperm swimming progression and vigor and sperm concentration in TDCIPP-treated rats were unexpectedly higher than those in control rats. TDCIPP did not significantly affect the percentage of motile sperms or sperm swimming pattern. These results contribute to the understanding of the biological effects of TDCIPP.     

典型旱作农田土壤氧化亚氮排放的氨氧化微生物相对贡献

氨氧化过程对氧化亚氮（N2O）排放具有重要贡献。在不同土壤类型和农田管理下,氨氧化微生物类群对N2O排放的相对贡献组成规律还缺乏系统的研究。本研究选取典型农田耕层土壤（潮土、黑土、砖红壤）,以及有机肥改良的砖红壤剖面土壤,采用选择性抑制法（乙炔和辛炔）研究氨氧化细菌（AOB）、氨氧化古菌和全程硝化菌（AOA+comammox）以及异养硝化菌对土壤硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放的相对贡献。结果表明,在耕层土壤中,潮土、黑土和砖红壤的pH分别是8.0、6.7和5.7,硝化潜势分别是N 32.5、6.6和4.8 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 7.1、3.0和0.5 mg?kg-1?d-1,7天N2O累积排放量分别是N 38.0、35.4和8.7 μg?kg-1。AOB主导耕层土壤的硝化潜势,对硝化潜势的贡献分别是82%、58%和100%。对于净硝化速率,在潮土和砖红壤中,AOB和AOA+comammox贡献相当（均在30%~40%）,而黑土中由AOB主导（72%）。AOB主导耕层土壤的N2O排放,对N2O排放的贡献分别是72%、92%和58%。在改良的砖红壤剖面土壤中,在0~20 cm、20~40 cm和40~60 cm,pH分别是7.0、5.5和4.9,硝化潜势分别是N 6.6、2.0和1.1 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 4.1、0.9和0.2 mg?kg-1?d-1,N2O排放分别是N 16.3、6.5和2.8 mg?kg-1?d-1。随土壤由深层至表层,硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放显著提高。AOA+comammox主导表层硝化潜势及净硝化速率的提高（分别贡献63%和54%）,AOB主导N2O排放的增加（贡献54%）。本研究为制定与土壤氨氧化特性及土壤性质相匹配的N2O减排措施提供了新的科学依据。     

GM1 gangliosidosis in a Japanese domestic cat: a new variant identified in Hokkaido,Japan

A male Japanese domestic cat with retarded growth in Hokkaido, Japan, showed progressive motor dysfunction, such as ataxia starting at 3 months of age and tremors, visual disorder and seizure after 4 months of age. Finally, the cat died of neurological deterioration at 9 months of age. Approximately half of the peripheral blood lymphocytes had multiple abnormal vacuoles. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bisymmetrical hyperintensity in the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes in the forebrain on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, and mild encephalatrophy of the olfactory bulbs and temporal lobes. The activity of lysosomal acid β-galactosidase in leukocytes was negligible, resulting in the biochemical diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis. Histologically, swollen neurons characterized by accumulation of pale, slightly granular cytoplasmic materials were observed throughout the central nervous system. Dysmyelination or demyelination and gemistocytic astrocytosis were observed in the white matter. Ultrastructually, membranous cytoplasmic bodies were detected in the lysosomes of neurons. However, genetic analysis did not identify the c.1448G>C mutation, which is the single known mutation of feline GM1 gangliosidosis, suggesting that the cat was affected with a new variant of the feline disease.     

ABA， H2O2与NO对木枣果实成熟生理的影响

在木枣白熟期分别用ABA、H2O2与NO供体硝普纳（SNP）喷洒果实,对其调控木枣果实成熟的生理基础进行了研究。结果显示用不同浓度的ABA,H2O2与SNP处理,枣果实中丙二醛（MDA）的含量明显升高,其中100 mg?L-1浓度时MDA含量为最高;Ca、Vc和β-胡萝卜素含量呈现先降低后升高再下降的趋势,其中75 mg?L-1浓度时Vc和β-胡萝卜素含量最高,50 mg?L-1时Ca含量最高;CAT和APX活性的变化呈现先升高后降低的趋势,75 mg?L-1时CAT和APX活性均最大;DNA含量的变化呈现先缓慢降低后升高再下降的趋势,ABA比H2O2、SNP处理对DNA含量影响更明显,100 mg?L-1时DNA含量最高。结论：ABA、H2O2与SNP对木枣果实发育成熟的影响效果较为明显,其生理效果在多方面表现基本一致,有加快木枣果实成熟衰老的作用。     

花桥板栗2号与邵阳它栗的比较研究

摘 要：本文以湖南省的花桥板栗2号和邵阳它栗为研究对象,从品种原产地的自然条件、品种特征特性等方面进行对比研究,认为花桥板栗2号和邵阳它栗具有一定的相似性但特性且各有优劣,宜扬长避短,实现板栗产业化生产。