以光谱反射曲线评估染色单板的耐光性

以杨木和桦木单板为试材,引入光谱反射曲线研究了室内自然光环境下染色单板的光变色过程,分析了树种、漂白处理、染料种类及浓度对染色单板耐光性的影响。结果表明,光辐射后染色单板K/S曲线呈下降趋势,光谱反射率曲线向黄光方向移动,染色单板发生黄化。漂白处理加速了染色单板的光变色。染料品种对染色单板耐光性影响显著,酸性蓝染色单板的光谱反射率曲线变化明显,而酸性大红的变化不大。利用光谱反射曲线可快速直观地评估染色单板耐光性的优劣。     

结缕草种子预处理反应与耐藏性的探讨

为了提高结缕草种子发芽力和耐藏性,根据结缕草种子的特性,对不同贮藏期的种子,进行多种物理的和化学的预处理措施试验。     

杨树扦插苗耐盐性鉴定

本文利用水培方式对意大利４５、０５６７、迎春５号和白林３号四个品种杨苗期耐盐性及其利用激动素、萘乙酸、生根粉、吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸和赤霉素等六种激素预处理，对各品种杨生长及耐盐性的影响进行了研究。结果表明，赤霉素促进叶萌动的效果好于其它激素；生根粉和吲哚丁酸促进根萌动及发根数效果明显；随着盐浓度的升高，各品种杨萌动期、发根数量、叶绿素含量和叶表面积均延迟或下降，而白林３号下降幅度较小，因此，在四个品种杨中，白林３号耐盐性较强。     

预处理工艺对水酶法提取甜杏仁油提取率的影响研究

甜杏仁中含有较高的油脂,为提高其提取率,采用响应面法优化预处理工艺对水酶法提取甜杏仁油提取率的影响.在单因素实验的基础上,采用Design-Expert7.1.6Trial软件设计进行响应曲面优化实验,结果表明:预处理工艺能明显提高甜杏仁油提取率,最佳工艺参数为热处理温度52.68℃,热处理时间17.9 min,打浆时间为7 min,在此条件下甜杏仁油的提取率为55.44％.     

过程性能指数在烟梗预处理工艺参数优化中的应用

针对加湿梗成品含水率控制稳定性差、湿透率低的问题,对稳定控制一次回潮热水温度、二次回潮蒸汽压力、二次回潮加水量环节进行了系统研究,采用统计过程控制技术对加湿梗成品含水率进行控制,以提高加湿梗含水率的稳定性。通过正交试验优化了3个主要工艺参数,并进行直观分析以及生产验证,结果表明最佳工艺组合为:一次回潮水温60℃,二次回潮蒸压力0.65 MPa,二次回潮加水量0。     

人工林落叶松髓心方材的高频真空干燥(英文)

对截面尺寸为100mm×100mm的人工林落叶松髓心方材进行系列高频真空干燥试验,分析研究不同高频真空干燥条件下干燥质量和干燥速度的变化规律,获得合理的高频真空干燥工艺基准;为了进一步减少试材表裂,干燥前对试材进行切口和过热蒸汽预处理。结果表明:沿试材长度方向的中心位置切口和过热蒸汽预处理都能有效减少试材表裂,提高干燥质量。     

植物纤维预处理与降解方法研究

指出了植物纤维含有大量纤维素,是世界上最大的可再生资源,但目前大部分作为废弃物处理造成了资源浪费。探讨了植物纤维结构特点、植物纤维的预处理方法和降解的主要手段等,提出了预处理方法和降解方法的合理选择是有效地资源化利用植物纤维的关键。     

Enhanced Hydrolysis of Excess Sludge by Two Surfactants

The hydrolysis efficiency of excess sludge by the two surfactants (SDS and SDBS) was investigated according to COD dissolution rate, concentrations of soluble carbohydrate and soluble protein. The results showed that the hydrolysis of excess sludge was improved by using the two surfactants. When the dosage was in low range, SCOD concentration increased significantly with dosage increasing. But the increase of SCOD was not obvious when the dosage was higher than 50 mg/g dw. SCOD concentration increased from 638.5 mg/L to 6 446.8 mg/L (SDBS) and 4 857.2 mg/L (SDS) respectively. COD dissolution rate increased from 5.8% to 37.3%(SDBS) and 30.2%(SDS) respectively. With the increase of SDS and SDBS dosage in the range of 0~150 mg/g dw, the concentrations of the soluble protein and carbohydrate increased linearly. Soluble carbohydrate increased from 3.54 mg/L to 95.56 mg/L(SDBS) and 64.20 mg/L(SDS) respectively. Soluble protein concentration increased from 11.72 mg/L to 706.30 mg/L(SDBS) and 541.08 mg/L(SDS) respectively. The concentrations of ammonia and VFA also increased with the SDS and SDBS dosage. Ammonia concentrations increased from 4.21 mg/L to 130.33 mg/L(SDBS) and 102.74 mg/L(SDS) respectively. VFA concentrations increased from 21.27 mg/L to 358.30 mg/L(SDBS) and 283.12 mg/L(SDS) respectively.     

活性污泥法预处理微污染水的试验研究

分析了微污染水的水质特点,在现有的微污染水处理技术的基础上,提出了一种新的预处理方法,即采用活性污泥法对微污染水进行预处理。实验结果表明:采用活性污泥法处理微污染水,处理效果好,高锰酸钾指数CODmn和总有机碳TOC的平均去除率分别为90.82%和87.09%,最终出水CODmn和TOC平均值为2.644mg/L和2.993mg/L,去除效果明显。     

Assessment of biomass and net primary productivity of a dry tropical forest using geospatial technology

This study quantifies biomass, aboveground and belowground net productivity, along with additional environmental factors over a 2-3 year period in Barnawapara Sanctuary of Chhattisgarh, India through satellite remotesensing and GIS techniques. Ten sampling quadrates20×20, 5×5 and 1×1 m were randomly laid for overstorey (OS), understorey (US) and ground vegetation(GS), respectively. Girth of trees was measured at breast height and collar diameters of shrubs and herbs at 0.1 m height. Biomass was estimated using allometric regression equations and herb biomass by harvesting. Net primary productivity (NPP) was determined by Ssumming biomass increment and litter crop values. Aspect and slope influenced the vegetation types, biomass and NPP in different forests. Standing biomass and NPP varied from 18.6 to101.5 Mg ha^-1 and 5.3 to 12.7 Mg ha^-1 a^-1, respectively,in different forest types. The highest biomass was found in dense mixed forest, while net production recoded in Teak forests. Both were lowest in degraded mixed forests of different forest types. OS, US and GS contributed 90.4, 8.7and 0.7%, respectively, for the total mean standing biomass in different forests. This study developed spectral models for the estimation of biomass and NPP using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and other vegetation indices.The study demonstrated the potential of geospatial tools for estimation of biomass and net productivity of dry tropical forest ecosystem.