基于径向基神经网络的水轮机组故障诊断研究

针对传统意义的BP(B ack-P ropagated)神经网络在水轮机故障诊断中的不足,提出了一种基于径向基RBF(R ad ia l bas is function)神经网络的水轮机组故障诊断方法。实例应用表明,该方法克服了BP神经网络的不足,具有精度高、收敛快、可以避免局部极小值的优点;RBF神经网络收敛速度约是BP神经网络的40倍,并能准确地诊断出水轮机组的故障。     

小型水电站的发展与开发研究进展

水能资源由于其突出的优越性已得到世界各国普遍应用。我国水力资源丰富 ,尤其是小水电资源遍布各省区 ,这些可再生的水电资源的开发利用对农村能源起着非常重要的作用。从理论方法上对小水电的开发作了论述 ,对目前存在的不足进行了探讨     

Reverse leasing and power dynamics among blue agave farmers in western Mexico

We examine changing production relations in the Mexican tequila industry to explore the ways in which large industrial firms are using “reverse leasing arrangements,” a form of contract farming, to extend their control over small agave farmers. Under these arrangements, smallholders rent their parcels to contracting companies who bring in capital, machinery, labor, and other agricultural inputs. Smallholders do not have access to their land, nor do they make any of the management decisions. We analyze the factors that have led some producers to participate in reverse leasing arrangements, while allowing other producers to continue farming independently. In addition, we look at the ways in which farmers are responding to these new production relations and constraints and the strategies that they are using to regain control over the production process.

论科学发展观与中国城镇化建设

当前我国社会主义新农村的规划与建设存在一些问题,如何根据科学发展观来推进农村小城镇化,正确处理新农村、小城镇规划编制所面对的问题,避免失误,从而完善社会主义新农村的规划建设,无疑具有一定的现实意义。     

猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡的促生长作用及其机理初探

【目的】测定猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡生长指标的影响，在结构上初步探讨猪小肠抗菌肽促进雏鸡生长发育的机理。【方法】选择体重基本一致的雏鸡60只，随机平均分为2组。试验组，在7、14、21、28、35、42日龄每只雏鸡分别肌肉注射猪小肠抗菌肽0.1ml（100 μg·ml-1）；对照组，在相应日龄每只雏鸡分别肌肉注射灭菌生理用水0.1ml，在相同饲养条件下进行6周试验。在7日龄和49日龄，采用组织切片检测鸡十二指肠和空肠的绒毛长度、隐窝深度和黏膜厚度。【结果】试验组雏鸡平均日耗料量（29.82±1.05）g，对照组雏鸡平均日耗料量（28.85±0.79）g，二者无差异（P>0.05）；试验组雏鸡平均日增重为（13.54±0.20）g，对照组雏鸡平均日增重为（11.10±0.19）g，二者差异极显著（P<0.01）；试验组料重比为2.27±0.04，对照组料重比为2.60±0.05，二者差异极显著（P <0.01）。在49日龄，试验组鸡十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度及其绒毛长度/隐窝深度比值（V/C）高于对照组鸡，二者差异显著（P<0.05），试验组鸡十二指肠和空肠黏膜厚度与对照组鸡相比，差异不显著（P>0.05）。【结论】猪小肠抗菌肽可改善鸡十二指肠和空肠的结构，提高雏鸡生长速度和饲料转化率。     

我国中小企业的融资困境及对策研究

从我国中小企业的融资现状入手,分析了中小企业融资难的外因和内因,提出了一些对策措施.     

基于小波包的水力机组振动故障信号消噪方法研究

在水轮发电机组故障诊断中,提取监测信号中的奇异信号特征,对准确判断机组运行状态具有重要意义。研究充分利用水力机组振动故障信号的特征和小波包的特点,采用小波变换的方法,通过伸缩和平移等运算功能对函数或信号进行多尺度细化分析,并针对南桠河姚河坝水电站水轮发电机组实测数据进行检验,取得了良好效果。表明所研究的故障信号消噪方法能有效地从信号中提取信息。     

牛小腔前卵泡体外生长发育的研究

 在添加有ITS、丙酮酸钠、次黄嘌呤、血清、FSH、LH、E2的α-MEM基础液中加入表皮生长因子（EGF）和碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)及氢化可的松（HC），对直径＜100 ?m（平均直径61～70?m）的牛小腔前卵泡进行体外培养。结果表明，试验I，在FSH、LH、E2浓度分别为0.25 ?g·ml-1、5 iu·ml-1、0.5 ?g·ml-1时，卵泡体外培养7 d， EGF和bFGF联合存在好于分别单独存在时的培养效果，当bFGF（25 ng或50 ng）剂量保持不变，提高EGF含量（25 ng,50 ng）有抑制卵泡发育的作用；增加bFGF的剂量有助于腔前卵泡的发育。 试验II，当FSH、LH、E2分别调整到4 ?g·ml-1、10 iu·ml-1、0.1 ?g·ml-1，并添加了氢化可的松（40 ng·ml-1），卵泡体外培养13 d，在试验3组（EGF 25ng）和试验4组（EGF 25 ng+ bFGF 50 ng），卵泡发育率和卵泡平均增长直径均显著好于试验1组（未添加EGF、bFGF、氢化可的松）和试验2组（只添加氢化可的松）。体外培养第20 d，试验3组和试验4组卵泡发育率分别为15.79 %和25.58 %，卵泡最大增长直径分别为300和320 ?m，并形成小的卵泡腔（成腔率分别为7.69 %和17.65 %），而试验1组和试验2组其卵泡发育率均为0。表明体外培养腔前卵泡时，不同的培养体系对其生长发育有十分重要的影响，各种成分之间存在互作的关系。     

The role of informal contracts in the growth of small cattle herds on the floodplains of the Lower Amazon

In the absence of access to formal credit, informal contracts with independent investors give the small ranchers of the Lower Amazon an acceptable means through which to surmount the high investment hurdle of starting a cattle herd. These contracts – called sociedades – allow small ranchers to raise an outside investor's cattle in return for a portion of the offspring and are commonplace in the cattle production systems of the Amazon. But, notwithstanding a vast literature on cattle production in the Amazon, informal contracts have been largely overlooked. This paper presents the results of a field survey and financial analysis for informal contracts on small ranches in the Lower Amazon. In the results, we suggest that informal contracts are an important means of cattle herd start-up and herd production for small ranchers. Internal rates of returns in cattle production under these contracts are in the range of –7 to –12% for the small rancher and 12% for the investor. The net present value of the contract to the small rancher ranges from –R$1219 to –R$8599 and from R$1681 to R$8845 for the investor, for a 10-year period, depending on herd size. Financial returns contracts are sensitive to the contract design – e.g., to who pays health costs – and to beef prices. The small ranchers have a negative IRR, lose money, and bear all the risk of loss, yet persist in using this form of herd development. We surmise that this is due to the non-financial benefits of cattle ownership and the lack of access to formal credit structures. In conclusion, although outside the formal economy and apparently financially unrewarding, these contracts are an important mechanism by which the small ranchers on the Amazon Floodplains create cattle herds.     

中小企业电子商务应用研究

电子商务是伴随着网络信息技术的发展而发展的。网络信息技术的发展、特别是通讯技术的发展，促使互联网络成为一个更强、更新的媒体，在这一媒体上发展起来的电子商务新兴学科与行业应用也逐渐被学者和企业所认知，企业如何将电子商务经营模式整合于自身的经营模式，对于中小企业来讲，电子商务能给它们带来哪些机遇和挑战。中小企业如何开展电子商务呢？这是笔者从电子商务实践中探讨研究的问题之一。