我国生态旅游资源利用评价研究进展

文章阐述了生态旅游和生态旅游资源的概念,并对生态旅游资源的环境容量、生态足迹和环境承载力等方面的研究进行了概括和分析。指出国内生态旅游资源利用评价的研究和认识还存在一些问题,应在人文资源利用评价、生态旅游资源利用评价方法和跨学科的合作研究等三个方面作更加深入的研究。     

三年生枳砧丘陵坡地椪柑丰产栽培研究

本试验采用半矮化枳砧(Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf.)嫁接椪柑(Citrus reticuala Ponkan)良种“东13号”,在红壤丘陵坡地进行了密植早结丰产栽培研究。结果表明,在每亩坡地上密植180株,采用适当的控梢整形、灌水施肥、促花保果及病虫害防治等技术,三年生枳砧椪柑可获得平均亩产2714公斤的产量。本文对丘陵坡地枳砧椪柑密植、早结丰产栽培的主要技术作了探讨。     

QZS45型汽车驱动桥总成在线检测系统的研制

针对汽车驱动桥总成生产中在线检测手段落后的现状,研制了QZS45型汽车驱动桥总成在线测试系统。该系统选用了隔离的静音检测室,采用计算机控制、变频调速电动机驱动;系统中的转矩转速、温度、噪声等测量信号通过板卡与计算机连接,通过编制控制软件,保证了在线检测工作的顺利进行,并实现了自动采样、自动判断、自动汇总的功能,满足了汽车驱动桥总成在线检测的各项要求。     

主动磁悬浮轴承集中控制器的研究

将传统PID理论和LQR理论相结合,提出了一种易于工程实现的交叉PID集中控制器,解决了磁悬浮轴承系统中集中控制器普遍存在的设计复杂、实时计算量大、过度依赖精确的数学模型等缺陷。针对实验室的磁悬浮轴承试验平台,采用Matlab仿真软件进行了交叉PID集中控制系统的仿真研究。仿真结果表明,交叉PID集中控制器具有较好的控制性能,可以实现电磁轴承转子的稳定悬浮。     

海水淡化泵水润滑轴承间隙的优化设计

针对海水淡化高压泵水润滑轴承存在的润滑问题,设计了6种不同轴承半径间隙的水润滑轴承;用三维造型软件Pro/E建立了滑动轴承内部三维流动水膜数学模型;利用Fluent 6.2进行非结构化六面体/楔形网格划分,采用RNGk-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法,对不同轴承半径间隙内水膜的三维流场和同一轴承半径间隙不同偏心距下的水润滑轴承的动特性进行了模拟,得到了轴承内部动压力分布以及流量、承载力、刚度与轴承半径间隙之间的关系.结果表明,所研究的水润滑轴承在半径间隙为0.2 mm时性能最佳.模拟结果可以对水润滑轴承的润滑特性进行预测,可为高压泵水润滑轴承的优化设计和安全运行提供参考.     

一种新的咬死失效理论模型--高温熔焊模型

咬死是胶合最严重的表现形式,长期以来,对咬死承载能力缺乏有效的计算方法,且现有的胶合模型也难以解释胶合过程中各种现象。通过大量的试验研究和接触性能分析,提出了一种新的咬死失效理论模型－高温熔焊模型。根据该模型,对不同工况条件下的咬死载荷进行了计算,并同试验结果作了对比,结果表明：理论计算与试验结果相吻合。在此基础上,提出了预防咬死发生的措施。     

Experimental Analysis of Fire Resistant Performance of Concrete Frame with Damage Caused by Weak Earthquake

Two monolayer concrete frames with the same reinforcement, KJ1 and KJ2, were designed. KJ1 was designed to simulate low cyclic reversed loading test under weak earthquake. Besides, the fire response test, including temperature rising and lowing, was made by fixing the axial compression ratio of the column. For KJ2, the fire response test at the fixed axial compression ratio was made. The deformation response of the concrete frames in fire was studied. Comparative analysis of the apparent phenomenon, temperature curves, bearing capacity change of the frames were made based on the test results of KJ1 and KJ2. According to the simplified temperature distribution, the ultimate bearing capacity of the column under the high temperature was preliminarily determined. It is illustrated that the calculation results and finally test phenomenon are consistent according to the simplified section.     

A New Beam Column Element of Space Framed Structures for Nonlinear Analysis of Geometric Material

An incremental virtual work equation of three dimensional(3D) beam column element is proposed based on the UL method. The geometric nonlinear tangent stiffness matrix for 3D beam column element is deduced with the consideration of warping, shear deformation and effects of moment spatial rotation. Material nonlinearity is addressed by introducing plastic hinges at the element ends. And the Orbison sectional strength is modified in order to consider the effects of torsion moment and warping. The elastic plastic tangent stiffness matrix is acquired as the element ends are in plastic phase based on the flow theory. With a case studied, it is shown that the model can be used to predict accurately the ultimate bearing capacity and instability mode of 3Dspace frames by only one or two elements, and address the effects of warping and shear deformations effectively.     

Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of High Strength Single Angle Compression Member Eccentrically at One End

To analyze mechanical behavior of Q460 high strength single angle steel struts with an eccentric load at one end in transmission towers, experimental analysis and theoretical calculation were carried out to study the overall stability and local buckling of members. Spherical hinge bearing and double knife edge bearing were applied at axial end of specimens. Influence of some factors on bearing capacity of compression members with eccentricities at both ends was analyzed, such as the end supporting conditions and residual stresses. It was shown that whether spherical hinge bearing or double knife edge bearing was used at axial end, the mechanical behavior can be accurately presented and the residual stresses affected the ultimate load carrying capacity by about 5％ or less. Compared with different methods, such as experiment method、finite element method, method in the Guide for American Design of Latticed Steel Transmission Structure（ASCE101997）and method in Chinese Technical Regulation of Design for Tower and Pole Structure of Overhead Transmission Line (DL/T51542002), it was found that the calculated strength of high strength steel member by standard calculation method in DL/T51542000 was over conservative. According to the research results, the revised formulas of ASCE were proposed with dividing actual material strength by the resistance coefficient of rR=1.111. Therefore, the experimental results can provide reference for designing high strength Q460 single angle steel members compressed eccentrically at one end.     

An Approach for Estimating the Final Ultimate-bearing Capacity of Driven Pile In Soft Clay

The prefabricated pile,driven in soft clay,can squeeze the soil laterally in a certain scope around the pile,and the void ratio is reduced significantly;consequently,the shear bearing capacity is raised.But the soil parameter,which is used to estimate the capacity of pile,is reduced according to the soil state before the pile was driven.Then,a certain difference appears when the pile is working.The calculation result usually is partial to conservative.This paper analyzes the squeezing mechanism of the pile using the theory of cylindrical cavities expansion.And a formula,which is used to estimate the increment of shear bearing capacity of soil around the pile when excess pore water pressure from pile driving distributes completely,is presented based on the unique relation between the shear bearing capacity and the density of the soil.This formula can be used to estimate the final ultimate-bearing capacity of the pile.The calculated results by the proposed formula are in good agreement with those of the site measurement.