贵州省大方县老鹰岩地区苔藓植物研究

通过对贵州省大方县老鹰岩地区采集的545份标本进行整理和鉴定,得出该地区苔藓植物有33科64属189种。其中优势科有白发藓科Leucobryaceae、真藓科Bryaceae、羽藓科Thuidiaceae等,优势属有小曲尾藓属Di-cranella、曲柄藓属Campylopus、真藓属Bryum、凤尾藓属Fissidens、青藓属Brachythecium等。而紫萼藓科Grimmi-aceae紫萼藓属Grimmia中的高山紫萼藓Grimmia montana Bruch.&Schimp.为贵州的新纪录种。在区系成分分析中,东亚成分占主导地位,总共45种,占所有种数(不包括世界广布)的33.09%。     

九畹溪滑坡的稳定性分析

本文通过对九畹溪滑坡的现场实际踏勘,确定了滑坡的地形地貌特征,滑坡体、滑带物质特征及滑床岩土体特征。在现场试验和室内试验的基础上,对滑坡在不同工况下的稳定性进行计算并得出结论,其计算结果对该地区滑坡治理提供了参考和依据。选取特征剖面,采用Morgenstern-Prince法分别计算了不同工况下斜坡的稳定性,计算斜坡的法向力和剪切力,分析该滑坡的稳定性情况。     

温度、盐度对条石鲷胚胎发育影响及初孵仔鱼饥饿耐受力

研究了盐度、温度对条石鲷胚胎发育的影响和初孵仔鱼对饥饿的耐受力。结果表明,胚胎发育的适宜盐度范围为20～35,最适盐度范围为25～30,孵化率都在89%以上,盐度低于20或高于35,孵化率都降低。盐度对孵化时间有一定影响,盐度高于35或者低于15条件下孵化时间都延长。胚胎发育的适宜温度范围为21～27℃,孵化率都在77%以上,最适温度范围为23～25℃,孵化率达89%以上,低于19℃或者高于27℃时孵化率降低且初孵仔鱼畸形率升高。胚胎孵化时间与温度成负相关关系,胚胎发育速率与温度成正相关关系。条石鲷胚胎发育的生物学零度（阈温度）为10.06℃,有效积温值为405.3℃·h。对胚胎发育的Q10值进行了计算。饥饿条件下,条石鲷初孵仔鱼8日龄全部死亡,半数死亡时间出现在第6天,饥饿对初孵仔鱼生长具有明显的抑制作用。     

茗科1号清香型武夷岩茶工艺试验及品质分析

参照传统的武夷岩茶和清香型乌龙茶的加工工艺,设置做青叶的不同晾青环境和造型工艺2个因素,对不同处理的茗科1号清香型武夷岩茶毛茶品质进行分析.结果表明:晾青环境不同对条形和卷曲形毛茶的感官品质影响不显著;造型工艺不同对空调环境晾青的毛茶感官品质影响显著,对自然环境晾青的毛茶感官品质影响极显著;揉捻造型有利于提高毛茶品质,其中以自然环境薄摊晾青后进行揉捻造型的毛茶品质最佳.     

土壤砾石的分布及其对水文过程的影响

(西南大学资源环境学院,重庆 400716)     

岩石园的植物造景研究——以英国爱丁堡皇家植物园岩石园为例

以英国爱丁堡皇家植物园岩石园为例,概述了植物组成和山水布局,分析其植物造景的形式,并从因地制宜、融入中国植物文化,丰富高山植物种类、精细化管理以及园林艺术的传承等4个方面对我国岩石园的建设提出了建议。     

Survival and growth of instar 1 phyllosoma of the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus, starved before or after periods of feeding

Adequate nutrition is a principal factor in controlling survival and growth in crustacean larval culture. The present study examined the effects of starvation before or after feeding on survival, total intermoult period and postmoult size of phyllosoma of the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus. Individually held instar 1 larvae were reared at 25 °C and submitted to initial periods of starvation to determine the 50% level of the point-of-no-return (PNR₅₀), and initial periods of feeding to determine the 50% level of the point-of-reserve-saturation (PRS₅₀). As the initial starvation periods before feeding increased, the total intermoult period for instar 1 larvae that survived increased. The PNR₅₀ was 4.6 days. The different initial feeding periods before starvation resulted in a difference in postmoult size of larvae after moulting to instar 2, but had little effect on the total intermoult period. Larvae fed for the shortest periods were significantly smaller than those fed longer. The PRS₅₀ was 3.6 days. For both treatments, limited effects of the starvation or feeding regimes were apparent for larvae that moulted to instar 2 and continued development to instar 3. When larvae were fed before PNR₅₀, there were no delayed effects of the initial starvation period. Initial feeding periods longer than 5–6 days did not significantly affect larval survival or growth. This information will be useful in the design of feeding regimes in phyllosoma culture.     

条石鲷的耗氧率与窒息点研究

2008年4～8月,采用Winkler法研究了70日龄（平均全长37.68mm,平均体重1.07g）和105日龄（平均全长65.71mm,平均体重5.58g）的条石鲷在不同温度（15、20和25℃）、不同盐度（20、25和30）下的耗氧率、窒息点及耗氧率昼夜变化。结果表明,105日龄组的相对耗氧率明显低于70日龄组,但个体耗氧量明显高于70日龄组;耗氧率随幼鱼体重的增加而相对减少。盐度一定时,温度升高,相对耗氧率和个体耗氧量都随之增大。盐度对70日龄幼鱼组的耗氧率影响显著（P〈0.05）,对105日龄幼鱼组影响不显著（P〉0.05）。盐度25左右、温度20～25℃时是条石鲷苗种培育和生长的最适盐度和最适温度。条石鲷在温度15～25℃、盐度20～30下的窒息点为1.6021～2.9538mgO2/L,窒息点随着个体的增大而降低;温度、盐度对条石鲷窒息点的影响均不显著（P〉0.05）。条石鲷耗氧率的昼夜变化明显,白天的耗氧率平均为0.9459mgO2/g.h,夜间平均为0.2727mgO2/g.h,白天的耗氧率是夜间的3～5倍,条石鲷白天代谢旺盛并持续到夜间22∶00左右。     

煤矸石和钙结石对植物生长和土壤含水量的影响

确定煤矸石和钙结石对植物生长和土壤水分变化的影响,是准确量化黄土高原地区土壤含水量和科学制定植被恢复策略的基础。通过小区试验,将土壤分别与煤矸石和钙结石混合后(碎石含量为300 g·kg^–1)填装至2 m³的地下小区中,以不含碎石土壤为对照,种植柠条(Caragana Korshinskii Kom.)和苜蓿(Medicago sativa.),定期观测植物生长指标和含水量。结果表明:(1)煤矸石对植物生长具有抑制作用,钙结石则无显著影响。含煤矸石土壤中柠条和苜蓿累积生物量较无碎石土壤中分别低47%和21%,较含钙结石土壤中分别低45%和24%。苜蓿对含煤矸石土壤的适应性优于柠条。(2)介质类型对土壤含水量变化的影响较植物类型更为显著,含煤矸石土壤含水量显著高于其他两种介质,30～50 cm土层深度差异更显著。(3)柠条小区中,含煤矸石土壤与钙结石土壤中蒸散量的差值分别占土壤平均储水量的12%和23%。苜蓿小区中,含煤矸石、钙结石土壤与无碎石土壤中蒸散量的差值分别占土壤平均储水量的–11%和11%。可见,煤矸石和钙结石对土壤水分损失的抑制作用...     

Effect of liming on the availability of three rock phosphate sources in two West African Ultisols

Abstract

The relative effectiveness of two African rock phosphate (Morocco rock, MR and Togo rock, TR) was compared with the more reactive North Carolina rock phosphate (NCR) and with Triple superphosphate (TSP) in greenhouse using two strongly acidic Ultisols from southern Nigeria with and without application of lime.

Without liming, the relative effectiveness of the four P sources is in the order of NCR>TSP>MR>TR; while with liming, the sequence becomes: TSP≥NCR>MR>TR.

Liming soils to pH near 5.5 depressed P uptake by plant from the rock P sources but increased P uptake from TSP.

Morocco and Togo rocks are poor sources of P for direct application under both limed and unlimed conditions.