基于DPSIR概念框架的区域水土保持效益评价新思路

 定量评价区域水土保持效益并得到综合质量指数,便于区域水土保持效益的纵向或横向比较,进而为水土保持技术的提升和区域生态环境建设的科学决策服务。DPSIR(driving force-pressure-state-impact-response)概念框架有助于全面分析水土保持的"驱动力"、"压力"、"状态"、"影响"和"响应",有助于理解水土保持社会、经济和环境各因素的作用过程以及彼此之间的因果关系。在介绍DPSIR概念框架的基础上,根据区域水土保持效益评价指标体系构建的主导原则,初步提出水土保持效益评价的DPSIR框架,进而提出水土保持效益评价从基础数据到综合指数集成的新思路。     

河北省森林景观空间格局分析

根据河北省森林景观现状,运用景观多样性指数、分维数、景观破碎化指数等计算方法,分析河北省森林资源空间分布特征和存在问题,指出河北省森林景观保护和发展方向。     

A comprehensive study on occurrence records of African neglected and underutilized weed species,Cleome gynandra L. (cat's whiskers) validating the ecogeographical range expansion in West Bengal,India

Cleome gynandra L., commonly known as cat's whiskers, is an erect, branched, annual herb, belonging to the family Cleomaceae. The species is thought to have originated in tropical Africa and Southeast Asia, and thereafter have spread to other tropical and subtropical countries in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Cat's whiskers is a highly nutritious vegetable and also possesses numerous medicinal values, yet it is considered as a neglected and underutilized weed species (NUS) in most of the world. In India, C. gynandra is recorded in Assam, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh. There is no earlier report of this species in West Bengal, India. This report is the first record of natural occurrence of C. gynandra in West Bengal, India. The main objective of this report is to provide valid information about the invasion and naturalization of this species in a new geographical area supported with suitable data. Global distribution data of cat's whiskers was retrieved from available web resources and mapped using Quantum GIS software in order to validate the de novo nature of occurrence of this species in this region.     

城市燃气管网的完整性管理

不同地区城市燃气管道的建设和运营管理水平存在很大差距,在保障燃气管网安全运行方面存在诸多问题,亟需针对燃气输配管网开展完整性管理。简述了国内外燃气管道失效事故和主要诱因,梳理了相关标准和规范。提出了燃气管网完整性管理理念:综合考虑影响管网完整性的所有因素,采取一体化管理模式,达到经济合理地保证管网安全有效运行的目的。建立了燃气管网完整性管理体系框架,包括管理体系和技术体系两个层面,贯穿应用于组织完整性、数据完整性和管理过程完整性之中,并保持一定的灵活性。完整性管理技术是实施燃气管网完整性管理的核心,通过有机结合形成了6步循环管理流程,持续完善各种完整性管理技术,可以提升燃气管网的本质安全和运营效益。     

茶叶中多酚类物质抗氧化活性的量子化学计算研究

抗氧化剂活性的评价是医药、保健、食品和化妆品等领域研究的热点课题。本文以茶叶中的多酚类物质为研究对象,采用AMl法对多酚类物质的抗氧化活性进行了量子化学计算。结果表明,通过比较生成热（HOF）值可以直接表征多酚类物质的抗氧化活性,即HOF值越低,多酚类的抗氧化活性越强。同时,本文对多酚类物质的抗氧化机理提出了新的观点：在多酚类物质的抗氧化过程中,酚羟基、氢原子和醇羟基都发挥了抗氧化作用。     

校审过程中的常见问题归纳

框架结构和剪力墙结构是较为常用的结构体系,本文对此类体系在施工图中容易出现的问题作了归纳,以期方便设计者及校审人查阅。     

Recent Advances in Molecular Biological Applications in Sri Lankan Tea （Camellia sinensis） Industry： An Overview on the Achievements During Last Ten Years

For tea,which is predominantly out-breeding woody perennial,genetic improvement through conventional approaches is relatively ineffective,slow and costly.As a potential tool to enhance the process,Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka （TRISL） has integrated molecular biology to supplement the conventional program and is in progress.To date,a considerable progress has been achieved in the key areas such as genetic characterization and estimation of genetic diversity,isolation and characterization of EST and genomic SSRs,construction of SSR primers,construction of genetic maps and marker assisted selection and application of genomic approaches to understand the role of secondary metabolites disease resistance in tea and in this paper,a summarized version of above studies is presented.     

Inclination Angle Affects Ozone Injury in the Flag Leaf of Rice

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of inclination angle of the leaf on the leaf injury of rice by O₃, we examined the effect of a 5-hr exposure to 0, 0.1, 0.3 cm³ m-³ O₃, abbreviated as O⁰, O^0.1 and O^0.3, respectively, of the flag leaf using natural-light gas-exposure chambers. The middle portion of the flag leaf was set horizontally using lead weights (H plant) and it was compared with a non-treated, erect leaf (E plant). Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured immediately before, immediately after, and 1 and 3 d after the start of the exposure. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and operating quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F_q’/F_m’) were decreased by the exposure to O₃. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of O^0.1 and O^0.3 on the H plants were severer than those on the E plants. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F_v/F_m) in the leaf of H plants decreased immediately after exposure to O₃. These results indicate that the weaker inhibitory effect of O₃ on the erect leaf depends on the lower light intensity at the leaf surface, rather than the horizontal leaf position.

Key words: Ascorbic acid, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Gas exchange, Leaf inclination angle, Oryza sativa, O₃, Quantum efficiency.     

肉牛人工授精技术网络服务平台的构建

为了在基层畜牧科技人员中推广肉牛人工授精技术,提高基层畜牧科技人员掌握该项技术的能力,利用计算机网络并结合多媒体技术开发出肉牛人工授精网络服务平台.平台利用SQL Server 2008构建后台数据库系统,使用.NET进行前台框架设计,运用Visual Studio.NET进行客户端程序设计.平台建成后投入实际运行,能帮助基层畜牧科技人员随时随地学习肉牛人工授精技术的相关知识,能随时解决基层畜牧科技人员的技术疑问,以便于基层畜牧科技人员更好地为广大农牧民服务.     

贵州山区作物生产专家系统开发技术研究

本文通过对贵州山区复杂生态条件下农作物生产知识进行分析 ,提出“平台—框架—应用系统”的作物专家系统开发技术路线。其中对知识模型的建立、应用框架的开发设计和系统集成进行了详细的论述。其技术思想对在相应的生态条件下开发作物专家系统具有一定的借鉴意义