单片机在交流电机变频调速系统中的应用

本文介绍了用8031单片机，与脉冲宽度调制专用集成电路设计而成的功率晶体管逆变器的控制器．采用本控制器对交流电机进行变频调速，可使电机实现平滑加速、平滑减速并进行过载保护、过压保护和欠压保护．对实现电机的节能运行有重要的意义．     

生态输水对塔里木河下游胡杨主干径向生长量影响研究——以依干不及麻断面为例

借鉴树木年轮学的方法,运用LINTABTM6型树木年轮测定仪读取钻芯的年轮宽度,研究塔里木河下游的胡杨在生态输水前后主干径向生长量变化规律.结果表明:(1)输水前后胡杨主干径向生长量变化较明显.输水前(1990-1999年)径向生长量为1.078mm,而输水后(2000-2008年)是1.764mm,比输水前增加了0....     

Modulation of host pH during the wheat–Fusarium culmorum interaction and its influence on the production and activity of pectolytic enzymes

The effect on ambient pH of Fusarium culmorum during its growth on mineral medium and in apoplastic fluids from infected wheat seedlings, and the effect on the production and activity of the enzymes pectin lyase (PNL) and polygalacturonase (PG), were investigated. Fungal development on a weakly buffered mineral medium in the pH range 5·0–8·0, with pectin as the sole carbon source, led to pronounced alkalinization, reaching values above 8·0. The increase in ambient pH was accompanied by enhancement of total PNL activity. Pectin lyase secretion was detected at pH 5·0 as a single isoenzyme. An additional isoenzyme was apparent during the increase in medium pH. Polygalacturonase was detected as a single isoenzyme only during early growth on medium buffered at pH 5·0. At this stage, the initial medium pH of 5·0, corresponding to the optimum pH for PG activity, appeared to be the most suitable for the activation of early production of this enzyme. During growth in acidified yeast extract medium the fungus secreted ammonia and increased medium pH. Similarly, in apoplastic fluids from inoculated seedlings the concomitant ammonia accumulation and rise in pH were recorded. This trend was accompanied by an increase in PNL, which could therefore function at close to its optimal pH. The results suggest that during infection of wheat seedlings by F. culmorum , pH modulation can lead to PNL production and activity, thus promoting colonization of host tissue.     

树轮记录的酒泉近240 a来6~9月气温变化

利用采自祁连山西部肃南大火烧沟的树轮样本,研制出树轮宽度年表和密度年表。通过相关分析发现,大火烧沟的树轮晚材宽度、早材宽度与酒泉6~9月平均最高气温存在显著的负相关,由此可较好地重建酒泉地区近240 a来6~9月平均最高气温,交叉检验表明重建结果是稳定可靠的。1768-2007年,酒泉6~9月平均最高气温为26.62 ℃。以过去240 a重建温度的平均值为基准,暖期有: 1786-1836年、1851-1885年、1924-1933年、1959-1967年、1988-2007年;冷期有: 1768-1785年、1837-1850年、1886-1923年、1934-1958年、1968-1987年。温度重建序列具有36.6 a,11.3 a,6.1 a,4.8 a,3.4 a,3.0 a,2.6 a和2.4 a的周期变化,并在1804年、1824年、1852年、1886年、1906年、1934年、1971年和1985年发生了突变。     

木麻黄木材纤维形态株内变异的研究

对福建沿海木麻黄株内不同高度、圆周不同方位和不同年轮木材纤维长度、宽度、长宽比差异进行测定分析，结果表明；在株内不同高度、圆周不同方位上纤维形态差异不显著；不同年龄间纤维形态差异显著；纤维形态与年龄呈显著正相关。     

液压实验台油箱温度控制系统的研究

液压实验台工作时，其油箱温度在一定范围内波动，将对液压元件测试精度造成不利影响，本文以单片机为核心研制成一种恒温装置，用于稳定油温，以使液压系统工作稳定。     

简支梁在动载荷作用下竖向动挠度的计算理论研究

本文对简支梁在匀速常量力和匀速脉冲力的作用下，应用结构动力学理论，对梁的动力响应给出了近似解答。     

Differential morphological and physiological responses of two oilseed Brassica species to a new herbicide ZJ0273 used in rapeseed fields

Weeds are considered as a major threat to the production of oilseed Brassica crops. The use of herbicides that are safe for crops and effective in controlling weeds is crucial for the agronomists and farmers. Propyl 4-(2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzylamino)benzoate (ZJ0273), a derivative of 2-pyrimidinyloxy-N-aryl benzoate, is a new herbicide used in the rapeseed field. To evaluate the tolerance of Brassica species against this new herbicide, two cultivars of rapeseed Brassica napus cv. ZS 758 and Brassica rapa cv. Xiaoyoucai were tested by a foliar spray of ZJ0273 at the rate of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/L and a currently used ALS (acetolactate synthase)-inhibiting herbicide bispyribac-sodium (BS) at the rate of 100 mg/L. The results showed that both the cultivars of Brassica were less affected by ZJ0273 as compared to BS. Increasing level of ZJ0273 herbicide from 100 to 1000 mg/L increased the stress for the plants of both the cultivars as indicated by enhanced accumulation of malondialdehyde content. The activities of ALS and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase), soluble protein and sugar contents, photosynthetic system (SPAD value, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence) as well as the agronomic characters also declined consistently with each successive increase in ZJ0273 concentration. In general, the plants treated with 100 mg/L ZJ0273 recovered from the herbicide stress after 28 days. B. napus showed more tolerance than B. rapa to the new herbicide. Nevertheless, BS application at 100 mg/L did not allow the plants of both the cultivars to recover from the herbicidal stress.     

悬铃木生长模型研究

以合肥市内道路、公园和单位附属绿地的悬铃木为对象,根据外业调查的数据,选择Richards、logistic、Gomper-tz、Weibul、二次曲线和S曲线6种生长方程,分别建立悬铃木生长模型。道路上悬铃木的胸径生长模型为X2=62.6977＊（1-EXP（-（（X1＋338.2662）/382.0186）^17.4109））,树高生长模型为X2=360.3342/（1＋EXP（3.9455-0.017401X1））,冠幅生长模型为X2=191.2952＊（1-EXP（-（（X1＋343.9426）/583.2232）^7.2290））;公园和附属绿地内悬铃木的胸径生长模型为X2=60.0795/（（1＋1.6626＊EXP（-0.077768＊X1））^（1/0.308899））,树高生长模型为X2=55.2708＊（1-EXP（-（（X1-7.6670）/52.5386）^0.530103））,冠幅生长模型为X2=17.4365＊（1-EXP（-（（X1＋90.2931）/117.7319）^5.7594）。     

光调制解调技术在田间杂草光谱识别中的应用

为了实现快速、无损地从作物中识别杂草,研究了基于光谱分析技术的光谱传感器.以苗期冬油菜为研究对象,根据已提取的4个特征波长(590,710,750,940 nm),设计了一套光谱传感器原型试验系统.该试验系统在传统光谱传感器的基础上,运用光调制解调技术剔除检测结果中环境杂散光的干扰,包括试验设备(光信号调制设备和光电信号采集设备)和试验数据处理LabVIEW程序.用冬油菜菜叶对试验系统4个不同波段进行了验证试验,当外界环境杂散光对应直流分量变化幅度分别为10.00%,6.40%,1.17%,1.34%,22.60%,38.90%,56.00%,59.50%时,反射率表征值一直保持稳定,表明在外界环境杂散光缓慢变化和剧烈变化时,系统可以稳定测量被测样品的反射率.该系统验证了光调制解调技术能有效提高被测样品光谱信号的测量信噪比.