COUPLING ANALYSIS METHOD FOR INTERACTION BETWEEN FOUNDATION WITH CAVERN AND FRAME STRUCTURE

In this paper,the interaction between foundation withcavern and frame structure is studied by the coupling methods of BEMand FEM.On the interface between the foundation and structure,thecoupling analysis needs to satisfy both the condition of displacementcompatibility and force equilibrum.A calculating program for two-dim-ensional problem is worked out in the computer,SIEMENS 7570C.Twoengineering examples are calculated and the results are compared withthose obtained by the comventional simplified method and with the observedresults from the engieering structures.It indicates that it is necessaryfor the weak rock foundation with shallow cavern,in the buried depth,to take the interaction into account.     

电磁振动排种器的试验研究

对排种盘上的种子进行了运动分析,论述了电磁振动排种器的工作原理。通过试验,找出了振动式排种器各运动参数对排种器排种量的影响规律。对不同形状的中、小粒种子进行了条播和精播台架试验,并对水稻、小麦种子进行了田间试验,结果表明:该排种器适用于各种形状复杂的中、小粒种子,播种精度高,不损伤种子。     

水稻田间育秧精密播种机设计与试验

为提高田间育秧播种机的播种合格率和播种稳定均匀性,设计了一种适用于南方水稻田间育秧的精密播种机。在深入分析螺旋勺轮式播种器的播种原理,以及播种器行走控制系统的基础上,采用正交试验方法,研究了螺旋勺轮的凹槽深度、螺旋升角、播种器行走速度对播种合格率和空穴率的影响规律,得出杂交稻播种合格率和空穴率影响因素的最佳参数组合:凹槽深度h为3 mm、螺旋升角α为81.73°、播种器行走速度v为0.35 m/s。试验表明,采用闭环控制系统后的播种机播种杂交稻2~6粒/格合格率由87.14%提升到93.21%,常规稻3~8粒/格的播种合格率为92.14%,播种性能满足常规稻和杂交稻精密播种育秧的技术要求。     

The feasibility of using variable rate water application under a central pivot irrigation system

The purpose of this paper was to assess the feasibility and significance of applying spatially variable irrigation under a central pivot system at the Federal German Agricultural Research Center, Braunschweig, Germany. The assessment was based on soil moisture holding capacity, soil depth variation and root development. Soil texture analysis was carried out by sampling on a 60 meter grid. The German Agro-Meteorological Model was applied to simulate the water balance in the crop-soil-atmosphere system for the growing season 2003/4. The research findings are presented in terms of six scenarios: 20, 30, 40 mm water application depths per irrigation under both variable rate application and uniform application. The comparison revealed that the loss of water was higher for the uniform application scenarios than that for the variable rate application (VRA) scenarios for the applications of 20 and 30 mm. The VRA scenario of 20 mm water application was found out to be the best option for water conservation.     

A model of decision-making and information flows for information-intensive agriculture

This paper describes the development of a systems based model to characterise farmers’ decision-making process in information-intensive practices, and its evaluation in the context of Precision Agriculture (PA). A participative methodology was developed in which farm managers decomposed their process of decision-making into brief decision statements along with associated information requirements. The methodology was first developed on a university research farm in Denmark and further revised during testing on a number of research and commercial farms in Indiana, USA. Twenty-one decision-analysis factors were identified to characterise a farm manager’s decision-making process. Then, a general data flow diagram (DFD) was constructed that describes the information flows “from data to decision”. Illustrative examples of the model in the form of DFDs are presented for a strategic, a tactical and an operational decision. The model was validated for a range of decisions related to operations by three university farm managers and by five commercial farmers practicing PA for cereal, corn and soybean production in Denmark and in Indiana, USA.     

磁吸式精密排种原理分析与试验

针对蔬菜、花卉种子体积小、质量小及形状不规则的特点 ,提出了一种新的排种方式——磁吸式精密排种。应用有关磁选理论 ,建立了磁吸式精密排种的力学模型 ,得出了单粒磁粉包衣种子在气隙磁场中所受磁力的计算公式 ,分析了实现精密排种的基本条件。通过对白菜、番茄种子的排种试验 ,其单粒精播率达 90 % ,漏播率低于5 % ,说明这一排种方式具有较高的播种精度和对不同类型种子良好的适应性。     

液力变矩器性能测试系统及提高测试精度研究

建立了一套基于工业PC微机的变矩器试验数据自动采集与处理系统，论述了硬件组成结构、数据采集、传输方式及数据处理软件的功能，并对提高测试系统精度的方法进行了研究。某一新开发的液力变矩器试验结果表明，该系统运行方便、快捷，测试计算结果准确、可靠。本研究可为提高一般国产试验设备的测试能力及测试精度提供一些借鉴。     

万能通用精准播种机的研究与试验

通过对排种机理的研究，阐述了播种机两大系列产品的通用化问题。通过对锥盘式小麦精准播种机的研究、应用及改进，解决了以锥盘式精准排种器为基础、以“一组三行”播种单体为基型的播种机通用化问题。     

县域高标准农田建设项目遴选布局方法——以舒兰市为例

本研究旨在为科学布局高标准农田建设项目提供技术支持。从分析建设适宜性和空间稳定性入手,提出了基于耦合协调度模型和冷热点分析的项目区遴选方法,并在吉林省舒兰市进行实证研究。结果表明：舒兰市高标准农田建设潜力较大,高适宜区和中适宜区合占耕地总面积的74.91%,主要分布在北部乡镇;空间稳定性与建设适宜性的空间分布大致相同,整体呈现“北部高于南部”的特征;高标准农田建设呈现明显的“北部易于南部”特征,其中优良协调类占耕地总面积的52.92%,主要分布在平安镇、金马镇、七里乡、开原镇、水曲柳镇和天德乡等,该类耕地自然禀赋较好、基础设施完备,并且与城镇、交通干线有一定距离,建设占用的可能性较小,高标准农田建设难度最小;高标准农田建设适宜性和空间稳定性耦合协调度的热点区主要分布在法特镇、莲花乡、天德乡、平安镇、七里乡等北部乡镇,是高标准农田项目的优先选择区域。结合研究区实际,确定舒兰市“十三五”期间高标准农田建设区总面积10828.89 hm ²。