气力式免耕播种机试验研究

针对我国天然草场严重退化及现有牧草播种机对禾本科及小粒牧草种子适应性差和难以均匀播种的问题,研制生产了气力式牧草免耕播种机.通过对9BQM-3.0型气力式牧草免耕播种机做排种试验进行性能和生产试验研究,测量其各行排量一致性变异系数,苜蓿是3.41％,披碱草是6.04％,玉米是7.33％;总排量稳定性变异系数,苜蓿是1.6％,披碱草是3.77％,玉米是2.8％,地轮滑移率是4.3％,纯工作时间生产率是3.596 hm2/h,班次时间生产率是3.500 hm2/h.通过试验表明,该排种装置通用性良好,适用性广,播种均匀,可实现高速单粒体排种,其各项指标均达到了设计要求,为以后气力式牧草免耕播种机的设计提供依据,同时加快其推广应用.     

石化污泥脱水工艺优化研究

[目的]确定污泥最佳絮凝剂种类及其最佳的投加量和脱水工艺参数。[方法]针对石化企业污泥脱水工艺中存在的问题,以污泥沉降性能、污泥比阻和滤饼含水率为指标筛选出最佳絮凝剂,并通过正交试验对污泥脱水工艺进行优化。[结果]各因素对滤饼含水率的影响顺序为：搅拌水平〉投加量〉抽滤压力〉絮凝剂。最佳操作条件为絮凝剂K6728投加量2．0ml;搅拌水平150r／min 10s,50r／min 10min：过滤压力0．05MPa。各因素对污泥比阻的影响顺序为：搅拌水平〉抽滤压力〉投加量〉絮凝剂。最佳操作条件为絮凝剂K6728投加量2．5ml;搅拌水平150r／min 10s,50r／min 10min;过滤压力0．03MPa。综合分析得出最佳工艺参数为：K6728絮凝剂投加量2．0ml;搅拌水平150r／min 10s,50r／min 10min;过滤压力0．03MPa。此时,污泥脱水效果最佳。[结论]优化了石化污泥脱水工艺。     

湘中农区壶天山羊的生产性能及生态养殖技术研究

通过采用测定200只壶天山羊的体尺体重,统计66胎产仔情况、屠宰6只成年羊,将8只成年杂交羊(壶天羊×马头羊)和50只成年壶天羊作对比等办法,从而真实系统地总结了该山羊的各项生产性能.对以"七化四结合"为主要内容的山羊生态养殖关键技术进行了研究,提出了"羊→沼→稻(菜或草)"生产模式和"企业 农户"的经营模式.     

肉兔不同杂交组合的生产性能试验报告

选择适合本地的3个优良品种及6个杂交组合,探讨不同组合的产仔数、初生窝重、30日龄断奶窝重、30日龄断奶成活率、90日龄成活率、90日龄个体重等生产指标,筛选最优杂交组合。结果表明:肉兔不同品种杂交生产性能明显提高;最优杂交组合为大♀×加♂杂交组合和加♀×新♂杂交组合;6个杂交组合90日龄个体重平均增加109g。     

复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

为研究复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响,此次试验选取了40头28±2日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,并将它们随机分成4个处理组。这4个处理组均饲喂基础日粮,其中,试验1、2、3组分别添加0.1%复合酸化剂、0.2%复合酸化剂、0.3%复合酸化剂,对照组不做任何处理。试验结果表明,在30d试验期内,试验组仔猪比对照组仔猪平均日增重分别提高了5.9%、13%、10.24%,其中基础日粮中添加0.2%复合添加剂的试验组与对照组日增重差异显著(P<0.05);料肉比分别下降了7%、10.21%、8.13%;并且试验组的仔猪腹泻率较之对照组有明显的下降。试验发现,日粮中添加复合酸化剂能显著改善断奶仔猪生产性能,复合酸化剂添加量为0.2%时,仔猪的生产性能最佳。     

环保促进剂TBzTD对硫化天然胶乳胶膜的硫化性能及力学性能的影响

目前胶乳工业中常用的硫化促进剂如TMTD（秋兰姆类）、ZDC（二硫代氨基甲酸盐类）等,均会在胶乳制品硫化过程中产生强致癌N-亚硝胺,对人类健康产生严重影响。采用硫磺硫化体系,考察未产生有毒N-亚硝胺的促进剂四苄基二硫化秋兰姆（TBzTD）对天然胶乳配合胶膜的硫化性能及其硫化胶膜力学性能的影响。同时也考察氧化锌（ZnO）及硫化温度对天然胶乳配合胶膜的硫化性能及硫化胶膜力学性能的影响。结果表明：随TBzTD,ZDC及ZnO用量的增加和硫化温度的提高,天然胶乳配合胶膜的硫化速度显著提高;当用量为0.5~1.5份时,随TBzTD用量的增加,天然胶乳硫化胶膜的定伸应力、拉伸强度及撕裂强度均先增大后减小;随着硫化温度（90~110 ℃）的提高,以ZDC作为促进剂的硫化胶膜的力学性能先提高后降低,而以TBzTD为促进剂的硫化胶膜的力学性能则逐渐提高。     

OK-50特效吸油材料的性能研究

通过试验，将公司自主研发的特效吸油材料OK-50应用于不同的油品吸附中，研究其适用油品种类、吸油量和保油率，得出该材料吸油倍率高，保油率也较高，使用范围较为广泛，应用前景广阔。     

革命根据地农业生产互助组织考察

以大量原始史料为基础,对中国共产党在特定形势下发起的农业生产互助运动进行了研究,考察了这一时期革命根据地农业生产互助组织的组织特征、运行机制和绩效。     

Evaluation of smallholder pig production systems in North Vietnam: Pig production management and pig performances

This study investigated the productive adaptability of pig breeds under different smallholder production conditions in Vietnam, comparing an indigenous with a Vietnamese improved breed. Fieldwork was conducted in four villages with different remoteness in North Vietnam from 2001 to 2002, in 64 households keeping the improved Mong Cai or indigenous Ban as sow breeds and progeny for fattening. Four visits per farm yielded 234 structured interviews. Reproductive performances were derived from 135 litters. Individual weights of pigs (n = 755) were obtained. Data were analysed by regression, linear and generalised linear, especially loglinear models.

Two distinct pig production systems were identified, that differed in remoteness, market access, resource availability, distribution of pig breeds and pig production intensity. Higher performances of 1.4 and 1.5 litters year^− 1, 8.4 and 8.4 piglets weaned litter^− 1, 66.6 and 93.0 kg piglets weaned sow^− 1 year^− 1, and 136 and 177 g day^− 1 ADG were found in two villages near town with semi-intensive production conditions and a high rate of improved Mong Cai sows and MC and LW × MC offspring in the observed population. Lower performances of 1.1 and 1.1 litters year^− 1, 4.6 and 5.5 piglets weaned litter^− 1, 20.5 and 30.9 kg piglets weaned sow^− 1 year^− 1, and 66 and 85 g day^− 1 ADG were observed in parallel to higher incidences of indigenous Ban pigs away from town under extensive conditions. Total live weight offtake per household per year was higher near town and in one village distant to town. MC and LW × MC remained even under demand-driven conditions below the performance potential reported for improved genotypes. Under resource-driven conditions with a saving-oriented production pattern, the higher-yielding but more demanding Mong Cai might not be an efficient production alternative as a further performance reduction can be assumed. A considerable live weight output was observed under resource-driven conditions and with a higher percentage of crossbred LW × Ban offspring in the population, possibly representing a promising production alternative. Factors influencing the performance expression of pigs, and the suitability of different methods for the assessment of performance parameters on-farm are discussed.     

Effect of dietary non-starch polysaccharide solubility and inclusion level on gut health and the risk of post weaning enteric disorders in newly weaned piglets

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) solubility and inclusion rate on gut health and development, performance and risk of post weaning enteric disorders (PWED) using NSP sources known not to affect digesta viscosity. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 3 factorial combination of NSP type (sNSP vs insoluble NSP (iNSP); inulin vs purified cellulose) and inclusion level (50 vs 100 vs 150 g/kg). Piglets were weaned at 28 days (day 0) and fed ad libitum until slaughter on day 14. There were no incidences of PWED. NSP solubility had little effect on performance, but sNSP diets resulted in lower caecal and colonic pH and higher colonic Lactobacilli to coliform ratio compared to iNSP diets. Increasing NSP levels significantly reduced caecal and colonic pH but decreased empty body weight percentage (P = 0.067). These results suggest that gut health may benefit most from diets containing appropriate sources of predominantly sNSP rather than iNSP. The optimal level of such sNSP will likely depend upon the level of risk of PWED in order to balance the trade off between maximising performance and improving gut health. Effects of NSP feeding under a higher infectious pressure remains to be assessed.