尾巨桉引种造林与施肥试验

2000年首次引种尾巨桉,经5年造林与施肥试验表明,尾巨桉无需特殊保护措施能正常生长发育,无病虫害,达到原定引种目标。施肥效果分析表明,施用磷肥效果显著,而氮、钾肥不显著,最佳施肥配比组合N、P、K分别为100、100和50 kg.hm-2,5年后林分生长较佳,树高、胸径、单株材积的平均生长量分别达到10.3 m、9.7 cm、0.037 1 m3。     

铝处理对2个桉树无性系幼苗丙二醛含量的影响

采用室内水培试验法,研究了铝处理对广西区2个优良桉树无性系(Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla No.9和E.urophylla No.4,分别记为G9、G4)根系及叶片内MDA含量的影响。结果表明:2个桉树无性系根内MDA含量均比叶内高;铝处理下,2个桉树无性系幼苗的MDA含量明显升高,G4根中MDA含量最高,达11.49μmol·g-1,根中MDA含量比叶中高,桉树无性系幼苗根部受铝伤害较叶严重。     

Prime-boost immunization using alphavirus replicon and adenovirus vectored vaccines induces enhanced immune responses against classical swine fever virus in mice

This study was designed to evaluate the prime-boost vaccination regimens as a novel immunization strategy for DNA vaccine against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). BALB/c mice were primed with the alphavirus replicon-vectored DNA vaccine pSFV1CS-E2-UL49 encoding the E2 protein of CSFV fused with the UL49 gene encoding the transduction protein VP22 of pseudorabies virus, followed by either homologous boosting with pSFV1CS-E2-UL49 or heterologous boosting with the recombinant adenovirus rAdV-E2 expressing the E2 protein or with the baculovirus-produced recombinant E2 protein (rE2) in adjuvant. The humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following prime-boost vaccination were assessed. The results showed that: (1) boosting with either rAdV-E2 or rE2 elicited high-level antibodies, whereas homologous boosting with pSFV1CS-E2-UL49 elicited low-level antibodies (below positive threshold); (2) heterologous boosting with rAdV-E2 resulted in stronger CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells proliferation responses and higher stimulation indexes; and (3) heterologous boosting with rAdV-E2 induced more IFN-γ production. These results support the notion that a regimen of DNA prime-recombinant adenovirus boost enhances humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and the DNA prime-protein boost regimen enhances humoral immune responses.     

五味子对禽源大肠杆菌临床分离株抗生素敏感性的影响

研究五味子水煎液的体外抗菌活性及与临床常用6种抗生素联合对临床分离6株耐药大肠杆菌(E.coil)的作用效果.采用微量肉汤稀释法测定南五味子水煎液(SRD)、北五味子水煎液(SCD)以及6种抗生素对临床分离禽源E coli的最低抑菌浓度(MICs);微量棋盘法测定SCD与6种抗生素联合对E.coil的分级抑菌浓度指数(FICI);平板计数法测定SCD以及SCD与CEF联合对E coli ATCC25922生长的影响.结果 显示:SCD对6株耐药菌的MIC均为64 mg·mL-1,SRD对其中5株的MIC为128mg.mL-1,对另一株的MIC＞ 128 mg·mL-1;SCD与头孢噻呋(CEF)联用时对5株菌的FIC≤0.5,呈协同作用;与恩诺沙星(ENR)联用时对6株菌的FIC＞2,呈拮抗作用;与卡那霉素(KAN)、链霉素(STR)、氨苄西林(AMP)和多西环素(DOX)联合时主要呈相加作用;SCD能抑制E.coli生长速度,使其生长量明显降低,且相较于单独处理.1/4MIC SCD与I/4MIC CEF联合处理的抑菌效果更明显.综上,SCD的抗菌活性强于SRD,且能明显增强禽源临床分离耐药Ecoli对CEF的敏感性而呈现协同抑菌作用.     

一例鸡源致病型大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

为进行一例鸡源致病型大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,无菌采集疑似大肠杆菌患病蛋鸡肝脏、脾脏等组织,进行病原菌的分离培养。利用培养特性检查、菌落形态观察、革兰氏染色鉴定、生化特性考察、PCR鉴定、测序分析以及动物致病性试验对分离菌株进行鉴定,并同时进行药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌株为一株致病型大肠杆菌,对青霉素、氟苯尼考、阿莫西林等多种抗生素产生耐药性,对丁胺卡那敏感。建议使用丁胺卡那霉素对大肠杆菌进行防治。     

不同地理来源MGIII组大豆品种生育期结构分析及E基因型鉴定

于2014?2015年对60份不同地理来源、生育期组为MGIII的大豆品种进行生育期结构分析和E基因型鉴定表明, 不同地理来源的MGIII大豆品种生育期相近, 但生育期结构差异较大。来自中国北方和美国的MGIII组春大豆品种营养生长期(V期)较短(开花较早), 生殖生长期(R期)较长, R期与V期的比值(R/V)较高; 黄淮海品种和南方MGIII组品种V期较长(开花较晚), R期较短, R期与V期的比值(R/V)较低。北方春大豆MGIII组品种的开花期受播期影响较其他地区同生育期组品种更为明显。中国MGIII组大豆品种存在6种E基因型, 其中E1e2E3E4和e1-asE2E3E4分布区域广, 覆盖播季类型多, 而在8个美国MGIII组品种中只鉴定出1种E基因型(e1-asE2E3E4), 表明中国大豆品种在生育期结构性状上存在更为丰富的遗传变异。通过比较不同播期下MGIII大豆品种E基因在生育期性状上的平均效应值发现, 含显性位点越多的材料, 其V期越长, R期越短, R/V值越小。反之亦然。不同E基因对开花、成熟期的增强效果不尽相同, 且春播时各显性基因的效应值均比夏播时大。不同地理来源MGIII组大豆品种农艺性状存在明显差异, 且与生育期结构存在显著相关性。中国北方春大豆品种底荚高度与R/V值负相关, 但单株荚数与R/V值正相关; 黄淮海大豆品种的分枝数、单株荚数、百粒重与R/V间无显著相关性; 南方大豆品种分枝数与V期呈显著负相关。试验结果可为大豆品种生育期结构的改良及适应不同环境的品种选育提供依据。     

逆转录病毒载体介导的猪瘟病毒E2基因在真核细胞中表达及动物免疫试验

利用DNA重组技术将猪瘟病毒(CSFV)石门株囊膜蛋白E2基因插入逆转录病毒载体pBABE-puro 中构建成重组逆转录病毒载体pBABE-puro-E2,该重组逆转录病毒表达载体与pVSVg质粒经磷酸钙共转染法将其转入293GP细胞中包装逆转录病毒假病毒。用包装的假病毒感染SP2/0细胞,经嘌呤霉素筛选阳性细胞后进行流式细胞技术(FACS)分析,结果表明CSFV E2基因在SP2/0细胞膜上成功表达。将表达E2蛋白的SP2/0细胞腹腔免疫BALB/c小鼠,用流式细胞仪检测证明,成功诱导小鼠产生了抗E2蛋白的抗体。为下一步利用细胞免疫小鼠研制抗猪瘟病毒单克隆抗体打下基础。     

基于NRF24E1无线奶牛体温数据采集系统设计

奶牛体温是衡量奶牛健康状况的重要参数,定时采集奶牛体温对于判断奶牛的健康状况有着重要意义。人们对于数据传输大多采用有线方式,但牛舍环境不便于铺设线缆进行数据传输。为此,本系统利用收发芯片NRF24E1进行设计,实现了奶牛体温数据采集系统与上位机进行无线通信,满足了对奶牛体温数据实时监测的要求,提高了对奶牛体温数据采集的自动性和高效性。通过芯片的选型以及芯片外围电路的改进优化了硬件电路,并且设计了有效的通信协议,防止传输的数据信号产生畸变并具有自动剔除错误信号的能力。该系统对多头奶牛的体温进行了测量,试验表明,本系统具有较高的实用性和可靠性,成本低功耗低,具有良好的应用前景。     

狼毒大戟水浸液对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌体外杀菌效果的研究

[目的]通过对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的体外药效试验,研究有毒植物狼毒大戟的杀菌效果。[方法]取多年生狼毒大戟的根制成水浸液,用24孔板和平坂培养法对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌进行药效试验。[结果]狼毒大戟对全黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.7 g/ml;最小杀菌浓度（MBC）为1.17 g/ml。对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为1.17 g/ml;最小杀菌浓度（MBC）为1.75 g/ml。[结论]狼毒大戟对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有明显的抑杀菌作用。     

Protecting effect of vitamin E supplementation on submaximal exercise-induced oxidative stress in sedentary dogs as assessed by erythrocyte membrane fluidity and paraoxonase-1 activity

The aim of this placebo-controlled study was to investigate the effects of oral vitamin E supplementation for 10 weeks on exercise-induced oxidative damage in untrained dogs. Eight dogs were randomly assigned to a supplementation (n = 4) or control (n = 4) group and underwent two isolated submaximal exercise sessions, 10 weeks apart. Blood was collected during each session to measure erythrocyte membrane fluidity (EMF), paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin E concentrations. These biomarkers were measured in venous blood samples collected before (t₀), just after (t, EMF only) and 1 d (t + 1 d) and 7 d (t + 7 d) after the dogs ran on a treadmill.Prior to vitamin E supplementation, exercise induced a significant decrease in PON1 activity, EMF, vitamin E concentration and a significant increase in MDA concentration at t + 1 d. After a 10 week vitamin E supplementation period, these exercise-induced changes in PON1 activity, EMF and MDA concentration were still significant in the control group, but not in the supplemented group. These results suggested that vitamin E supplementation had a protective effect on submaximal exercise-induced oxidative damage in sedentary dogs.