蔬菜穴盘苗自动精确移栽组合式取苗机构设计与测试

Precision planting is one key point of precision agriculture.A doorframe type swing seedling pick-up device for the automatic precise field transplanter was designed and tested in a laboratory.The seedling device could automatically extract seedlings from growing trays, transfer them, and release them into the planting unit where they were to be precisely transplanted into the ground.It consisted of a path manipulator and two grippers.The path manipulator for seedling extraction was constructed with creative design of Ⅱ-type mechanism combination in series.It consisted of an oscillating guide linkage mechanism and a grooved globoidal cam mechanism.According to the planned seedling pick-up trajectory, the design of the path manipulator for seedling extraction was finished with a set of the closed loop vector equation.The gripper was a pincette-type mechanism using the pick-up pins to penetrate into the root mass for seedling extraction.It consisted of multiple pick-up pins, U-type pull rod, shaft, stop block, compression spring and frame.The mechanical dimensions of the gripper were determined by the tray size and plant characteristic with a set of rectangular equations and the boundary constraint conditions.The final gripper was developed on the basis of cultural practice for vegetable seedling in China.A prototype of the seedling pick-up device was constructed to examine whether its working efficacy was satisfactory or not.According to the analysis on the work process, the seedling pick-up device could precisely complete a work cycle of approaching, penetrating, extracting, transferring, erecting and discharging a seedling.Taking pepper seedlings, tomato seedlings and cucumber seedlings as the transplanting objects, the performance tests were conducted to evaluate the practicality and adaptability of the pick-up device.The laboratory evaluation showed that the pick-up device equipped with two grippers could extract 70 seedlings per minute with an average success ratio of 90.49%.The quality of extracting seedlings was satisfactory.     

大型液化气低温储罐结构及其保冷设计

根据储存液化气大容量储罐的超低温特点，对液化石油气和液化天然气低温储存储罐的隔冷保温材料及其保温结构设计进行了研究，并对几种大型圆筒型立式储罐的结构设计及其技术经济特性进行了讨论和比较。     

淮山片变温压差干制工艺优化及其特性研究

【目的】优化淮山片变温压差干制工艺,并研究该工艺对淮山片结构和主要功能成分的影响,为利用变温压差干制技术生产高品质淮山干制品提供理论依据。【方法】以复水比、色泽和收缩率为评价指标,结合模糊评判,采用二次回归正交旋转组合试验设计优化淮山片变温压差干制工艺条件,研究膨化温度(X1)、抽空温度(X2)和抽空时间(X3)对淮山片变温压差干制效果的影响规律,以及变温压差干制工艺对淮山片品质的影响。【结果】建立了淮山片综合评分(Y)的回归方程:Y=6.97-0.63X1-1.61X2-1.07X3+0.38X1X2-0.14X1X3+0.044X2X3-0.67X12-0.57X22-0.92X32(R2=0.9396),3个因素对淮山片综合评分均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。淮山片变温压差干制最佳工艺参数为:膨化温度87℃、抽空温度74℃、抽空时间138 min,在此条件下所制备的淮山片复水比为1.82,色泽L为91.32,收缩率为36.12%,综合评分为8.71分,得到的淮山片片形较好,黄酮和尿囊素保存率高。【结论】通过二次回归正交旋转组合设计优化得到的变温压差干制工艺能较好地保持淮山片片形、保留淮山活性成分,可有效应用于淮山片的干制,建立的模型能用于指导实际生产。     

重型商用车驾驶室轻量化设计

以某重型商用车驾驶室为研究对象,运用拓扑优化设计方法对该驾驶室进行轻量化分析与改进设计,并与原驾驶室的性能进行了对比。结果表明,轻量化驾驶室的结构强度、刚度和低频固有振动特性不低于原驾驶室,并使驾驶室抗前部摆锤冲击和高顶驾驶室耐顶压性能得到了改善。在不改变驾驶室结构材料特性的条件下,使驾驶室质量减小46 kg,取得了良好的轻量化效果。     

Effect of Planting Density and Fertilizer Application on Fiber Yield of Ramie （ Boehmeria nivea ）

As the most important cultural practices for ramie (Boehmeria nivea) production,the single effects of plant density and nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),potassium (K) fertilization on yield are well documen...     

基于CAD Sketch Up Photoshop三位一体的新农村景观设计实例

描述了CAD、SketchUp、Photoshop三种与设计相关的软件及在景观设计中的作用,通过对一个新农村小型景观的具体案例的研究,探讨景观的设计流程及CAD、SketchUp、Photoshop的使用情况和在流程中分别扮演的角色,从而寻求高品质的、高效的景观设计方法。     

大学物理课程教学优化策略

基于课程体系的整体架构视角探讨大学物理课程教学优化策略。大学物理课程教学只有处理好认识主体和客体、学习与发展、理论和实验、科学与人文、外部课程群问协同这五方面关系才能真正发挥出其特有的人才培养作用。     

现代产品中人机界面设计的研究——基于以人为本的视角

人机界面是用户使用者和计算机交流所需要的互动媒介,是对软件的人机交互、操作逻辑、界面美观的整体设计,是一个不断为用户设计满意视觉效果的过程。它有助于实现信息的内部形式与用户可接受形式之间的转换,是一个复杂的多学科相互交融参与的工程。从人机界面设计的意义、过程和优化等方面研究现代产品中的人机界面,并对现代人机界面设计方法进行了总结。     

自励式缓速器试验台设计

本文介绍了自励式缓速器的结构与工作原理,设计了自励式缓速器试验台的机械部分与控制部分,提出了试验方法,制定了试验台的测试项目。此试验台设计合理、便于操作,为检验自励式缓速器的性能提供了依据。     

机械产品的绿色设计

.绿色设计是指以高效利用资源和能源获得绿色产品为目的的设计.它是20世纪90年代国际上兴起的一种先进的设计思想.文章就机械产品绿色设计的概念、绿色设计的特点、绿色设计的原则及绿色设计的方法进行阐述.