影响紫花苜蓿花药培养因素的探讨与分析

从外植体的选取时期及处理、培养基及激素组合、培养条件等多方面分析,影响紫花苜蓿花药培养的因素,并对花粉植株倍性鉴定、驯化移栽和花粉植株的遗传稳定性进行了初步探讨。     

肉牛母牛生产瘫痪的防治

[目的]为了掌握张掖肉牛母牛生产瘫痪的发生与治疗方法。[方法]对一例产前瘫痪母牛和一例产后瘫痪母牛进行药物治疗。[结果]两例生产瘫痪母牛经过准确诊断和及时合理治疗得到康复。[结论]生产瘫痪是发生于高产奶牛的代谢性疾病,但近年来张掖肉牛母牛偶有发生,对张掖肉牛母牛生产瘫痪的治疗,只要诊断正确,治疗及时,合理用药,定能取得满意的治疗效果。     

Endodontic treatment of a mandibular premolar abscess in a horse: A case study

A pulpar abscess of cheek tooth 307 (according to the Triadan numerical system) was diagnosed in a 7‐year‐old female Quarter Horse. History included a painful response to palpation in the mandibular region for approximately 4 weeks. Symptoms included swelling of the mandibular bone with subsequent fistulisation. A complete intraoral examination was performed and no lesions or abnormalities were found. Digital radiographs of the mandibular arcade demonstrated a periapical lesion of cheek tooth 307. Various therapeutic options were considered, including standing oral extraction, retrograde repulsion and endodontic therapy. Together with the client, a decision was made to perform endodontic therapy, with the double aim of preserving the tooth and maintaining normal molar occlusion. This was done under general anaesthesia without apicectomy, and using materials commonly used in the field of human endodontics. Following surgery, radiographs were taken and confirmed the complete sealing of the pulp canals. Recovery was uneventful and no post operative complications were observed. A complete intraoral follow‐up examination was performed one year after surgery, and revealed normal eruption and occlusion of the tooth involved. Radiographic examination confirmed the correct position and integrity of the sealant material, as well as normal perialveolar bone structure. This case report indicates that endodontic therapy, following the above protocol, involving pulpectomy and sealing of the pulp cavity, represents a valid alternative to the more commonly used technique of tooth extraction.     

幼犬佝偻病的诊断与防治

幼犬佝偻病是指由于维生素D缺乏及钙磷代谢障碍所致的骨营养不良.本病多发于1月龄～3月龄幼犬,临床上主要以生长发育迟缓、消化紊乱、骨骼发育异常等为特征.论文结合临床,就该病的诊断方法和防治措施进行总结与讨论.     

猪传染性胃肠炎临床诊断及防治

猪传染性胃肠炎是由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起的急性高度接触性肠道传染病,临床上以腹泻、呕吐和脱水为特征,各种年龄的猪都可发病,对哺乳仔猪的危害最严重.然而以腹泻为主症的还有猪痢疾、仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢、仔猪红痢(梭菌性肠炎)、流行性腹泻、轮状病毒感染、仔猪副伤寒等7种疫病,为了更有效地防控猪传染性胃肠炎,做到早诊断、早治疗.论文阐述了猪传染性胃肠炎与猪其他7种腹泻疫病的临床症状的区别及猪传染性胃肠炎的防治要点.     

生物法处理养殖污水中氨氮的研究进展

综述近几年生物方法处理养殖污水中氨氮的研究进展及实际应用,并对大规模处理养殖污水方面提出了一些思考和展望,期望在今后的研究工作中能够探索出高效率、低成本、无二次污染的生物方法处理养殖污水中的氨氮.     

Effectiveness of strategic anthelmintic treatments in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fasciola gigantica</Emphasis> in cattle in Iringa region,Tanzania

A longitudinal field trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of strategic anthelmintic treatments in the control of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes and Fasciola gigantica in cattle. A total of 167 cattle (6–18 months) from three large-scale dairy farms, four traditional farms and nine small-scale dairy farms were randomly selected. The selected animals on each farm were ear tagged and allocated into three groups based on live weight and treated as follows: Group T4 was treated with albendazole 10% drench at 10 mg/kg four times a year (mid rainy, end of the rain, mid dry and late dry/early rainy season). Group T2 was treated with albendazole 10% drench at 10 mg/kg two times a year (mid rainy and late dry/early rainy season). Group UT remained as untreated control. Faecal, blood and pasture samples were taken every month for 13 months. In addition, individual body weight (BWT) was measured on every sampling date. Results showed that two and four strategic treatments significantly reduced faecal egg counts (FEC) by 49.5% and 62.3% respectively compared to untreated control animals (P < 0.001). Two and four strategic treatments per year significantly reduced the proportion of animals passing Fasciola eggs in faeces by 30.6% and 51.7% (P < 0.001), respectively. Animals treated two and four times a year significantly outgained untreated animals by 14.8 kg and 17.7 kg respectively at the end of the trial (P < 0.05). The management system had a significant effect on packed cell volume and the proportion of animals passing Fasciola eggs in faeces (P < 0.05). The programme of two strategic treatments per year was only effective in controlling GI nematodes. It is concluded that a programme of four strategic treatments per year was effective in controlling GI nematodes and F. gigantica and improved weight gain.     

兔球虫病药物防治研究进展

兔球虫病是严重危害养兔业发展的寄生虫病之一。长期以来,兔球虫病主要依靠化学药物和中草药等进行防治,由于球虫极易产生耐药性,给药物防治带来了困难。论文从兔球虫生物学特性、防治兔球虫病的药物等方面做一综述。     

Surgical removal of a dermoid cyst from the bony part of the nasolacrimal duct in a Scottish highland cattle heifer

The ophthalmologic, radiologic and surgical findings of a 2-year-old Scottish Highland Cattle heifer with a dermoid cyst within the bony part of the nasolacrimal duct and the successful treatment are presented.     

Effects of treating rice straw with urea or urea and calcium hydroxide upon intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and milk yield of dairy cows

Three, multiparous Holstein crossbred dairy cows with initial body weight of 385 ± 19 kg were randomly allocated to 3 treatments of rice straw (T1 = untreated rice straw; T2 = 5.5% urea-treated rice straw (5 g urea in 100 ml water to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw); T3 = 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw (2.0 g urea and 2.0 g Ca(OH)₂ in 100 ml to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw) according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each period lasted for 21 days in which feed, feces and rumen fluid were collected during the last 7 days for chemical analyses. The findings revealed significant improvements in dry matter intake and digestibility by using 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw. Ruminal pH and NH₃-N were found higher (P < 0.05) as compared with urea-treated rice straw fed group, while blood urea nitrogen and milk urea nitrogen were in normal ranges. Volatile fatty acid concentrations especially those of acetic acid were decreased (P < 0.05) and those of propionic acid were increased (P < 0.05), thus acetic acid:propionic acid was subsequently lowered (P < 0.05) in cows fed with 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, respectively. Moreover, ruminal viable and cellulolytic bacterial counts were enhanced by urea and calcium hydroxide treatments. Milk protein and fat concentrations were additionally increased by respective treatments while 3.5% fat-corrected milk was highest; ranking from 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and urea-treated rice straw fed groups. Based on this study, implications could be made that using 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw for straw treatment could be an alternative treatment to 5.5% urea treatment with regards to its effectiveness and treatment cost for lactating dairy cows.