抗逆、丰产夏谷新品种沧谷3号的选育

沧谷3号是以鲁谷10号为母本,引F3(日朝谷×80056)为父本杂交选育而成。沧谷3号根系发达,茎秆粗壮,抗倒伏、抗旱、抗病能力强,穗大金黄色,叶片功能期长,绿叶成熟,高产、稳产。2001-2002年参加华北地区夏谷区域试验,平均产量4 972.5 kg/hm2,比对照豫谷5号增产0.6%;2002年参加华北地区夏谷区域试验生产试验,平均产量4 812.0 kg/hm2,比对照增产10.1%。2002—2004年在河北省累计推广种植面积达5.5万hm2。     

黄土高原典型地区种植模式产量效应模拟与效益评价研究

 利用作物生长模型软件包DSSAT3 ,模拟研究了黄土高原典型地区主要种植模式的产量效应与年际变异情况 ,并采用耗水系数、耗氮系数和经济收益值 ,综合评价了各种植模式的资源利用效率与经济效益 ,选择出了关中平原区、渭北高原区资源利用效益高、经济效益好的最优种植模式 ,分别为冬小麦 夏玉米、春玉米。研究为种植模式的效益评价探索出了行之有效的研究方法与评价指标体系     

茄子新品种沪茄二号和沪茄三号选育

沪茄二号和沪茄三号是适宜国内外茄子设施栽培地区和露地种植的优良茄子杂交一代。沪茄二号单果重153.0 g，每株座果数18.7个。沪茄三号单果重166.5 g，每株座果数16.1个。以上两个杂交一代均表现早熟，果实长棒形，果皮深紫黑色，光泽强，果形直，商品性优良，果实干物质含量和可溶性总糖高，持续结果能力强，前期产量和总产量高等优良综合性状。     

microRNA-124-3p调控H1N1亚型猪流感病毒致小鼠肺损伤的研究

为研究microRNA-124-3p（miR-124-3p）对H1N1亚型猪流感病毒（swine influenza virus,SIV）感染小鼠所致肺损伤的调控作用,本试验构建miR-124-3p腺病毒表达载体,通过小鼠尾部静脉注射法构建miR-124-3p差异表达小鼠模型,试验分3组：过表达组、抑制组和对照组。48 h后,各组小鼠鼻腔接种H1N1亚型SIV,每只10⁵ EID₅₀（50 μL）。连续观察14 d,计算小鼠平均体重变化率、观察病理切片并测定相关炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量。结果显示,已成功将pre-miR序列及其sponge序列插入腺病毒的穿梭质粒,并将其共转染293A细胞。实时荧光定量PCR检测证实,与对照组相比,过表达组和抑制组小鼠黑色素瘤细胞miR-124-3p表达水平分别极显著升高（P<0.01）和显著降低（P<0.05）,表明成功构建腺病毒表达载体。过表达组、抑制组和对照组小鼠体重变化率分别为－5.5%、－12.4%和－8.6%。抑制组和对照组均可见肺泡壁增厚,其间有多量淋巴细胞浸润,部分肺泡内出现纤维蛋白渗出,且抑制组病理变化更为严重,肺泡中还有大量的红细胞浸润;而过表达组仅有少量的淋巴细胞浸润,肺脏组织较正常。与对照组相比,过表达组检测的炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA表达水平均显著降低（P<0.05）;抑制组炎症相关炎症因子mRNA表达水平均显著升高（P<0.05）。本试验结果表明,miR-124-3p对H1N1亚型SIV感染小鼠所致的肺脏炎症因子的表达具有抑制作用,同时能减轻肺脏病理损伤。     

基于Kinect V3的单株作物自动化三维重建与验证

为高效、精确地对单株作物进行三维重建,以点云方式无损测量作物表型信息,该研究提出一种基于Kinect V3深度相机的三维重建系统。使用步进电机搭建了一个旋转台,并将旋转台面设计成多颜色同心圆,利用同心圆计算平面法向量及圆心两特征信息,用于点云水平校准以及获取点云间的旋转平移矩阵;将Kinect V3采集的多视角点云变换到同一坐标系下,并结合裁剪迭代最近点（Trimmed Iterative Closest Point,TrICP）算法实现了多视角点云的粗配准与精配准,完成了作物三维重建。为检验该研究的三维重建效果,选取菜心、黄瓜苗为试验对象,与多视图立体视觉-运动恢复结构（Multi-View Stereo and Structure From Motion,MVS-SFM）算法重建点云进行对比,并提取叶面积参数与人工测量值进行比较。结果表明,两种方法下重建后的菜心点云间平均距离误差为0.59 cm,黄瓜苗点云间平均距离误差为0.67 cm,具有较高的相似度,而相较于MVS-SFM算法,该研究提出的方法的重建速度提高了约90%;该研究提出的方法所重建点云,菜心叶面积提取与标准参考值相对误差均值为5.88%,均方根误差为3.83 cm2,黄瓜苗叶面积提取与标准参考值相对误差均值别为6.50%,均方根误差为2.08 cm2,都显现出较高的准确性。该研究提出的方法能对单株作物进行快速三维重建,能有效提取叶面积参数,可为作物育种、栽培和农业生产提供高效技术手段和数据支持。     

甘蓝抗重金属污染的研究

在被重金属污染的土壤中 ,用Ca(NO3)2 拌种处理甘蓝种子 ,进行甘蓝抗重金属污染试验。结果表明 ,Ca(NO3) 2 拌种可以促进甘蓝种子萌发和幼苗生长 ,增强光合速率和抗逆性 ,使甘蓝叶片中Hg ,Cr,Cd含量分别比对照下降 71.9%～ 97.7% ,2 .77%～ 12 .88% ,38.4 6 %。     

采用改进YoloV4模型检测复杂环境下马铃薯

为解决马铃薯联合收获机在作业过程中分级清选的问题,并在收获作业过程中实时监测评估收获状态,该研究提出一种在光照亮度变化大、土壤与薯块遮挡、机器振动以及尘土干扰等情况下对马玲薯进行识别检测并快速准确获取马铃薯数量以及损伤情况的机器学习模型.在卷积神经残差网络中引入轻量级注意力机制,改进YoloV4检测网络,并将YoloV...     

Substrate concentration affects the in vitro metabolism of 17-hydroxyprogesterone by ovaries of the carp,Cyprinus carpio

Carp ovarian tissue was incubated with ³H-17-hydroxyprogesterone in the presence of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg ml⁻¹ unlabeled 17-hydroxyprogesterone. The pattern of metabolites formed showed a marked variation with substrate concentration. Formation of glucuronide and sulphate conjugates was important only at low substrate concentration. At high substrate concentration (10 and 100 μg ml⁻¹) 17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one was the major metabolite, but at intermediate concentrations polar 7α-hydroxypregnanetetrols predominated. The results support the hypothesis that at low substrate concentrations conjugating, 5α-reducing and 7α-hydroxylating enzymes, of high activity but low capacity, act as scavengers to deactivate any steroids formed during the relatively low pituitary gonadotrophin secretions which are necessary for oocyte development, but that during the prespawning gonadotrophin surge when high levels of substrate are present these enzymes are saturated and 17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20αP) becomes the major ovarian steroid. The possible role of 17,20αP during oocyte final maturation requires further examination.     

一株新的化能无机营养菌——聚积碳酸镁的细菌

从新疆吐鲁番盆地分离了一株新的化能无机营养菌Tp892 4,其主要特征是聚积碳酸镁 ,只在镁盐和碳酸钠的培养基中迅速生长繁殖。细胞球形 ,成串而有规则地排列在碳酸镁的晶体中。菌落白色、坚硬、中间隆起向外散射形成雪花状。细菌能在 10～ 75℃的温度范围和 8～ 14的 pH范围内生长。致死温度 10 0℃ 5 0′ ,平均代时 0 .5hr。这与“伯杰细菌鉴定手册”和“伯杰系统细菌手册”中描述的化能无机营养菌有明显的差别 ,至今国内外尚未见过报道。根据这些特性 ,作者认为该菌是一种新的聚积碳酸镁的化能无机营养菌 ,暂命名为吐鲁番聚镁球菌Polymagcoccusturpanensissp .nov .     

Resveratrol protects cortical neurons in infant rats with bacterial meningitis through miR-223-3p/NLRP3 pathway

AIM To investigate the protective effect of resveratrol (Res) on cortical neurons in rat bacterial meningitis (BM) model. METHODS Group B hemolytic Streptococcus was injected via the posterior cistern to establish a BM model. Resveratrol was administered intranasally and microRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) antagomir was administered by intracerebroventricular injection. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the brain tissue. Loeffler scoring method was used to evaluate the neurobehavioral functions. TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis. The expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were determined by Western blot. The expression level of miR-223-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. Online software TargetScan was used to search for the complementary nucleotide sequences between miR-223-3p and NLRP3 mRNA. RESULTS Compared with sham group, the thickness of meninges in BM model was increased, the neurological score was decreased (P<0.05), and the number of TUNEL positive neurons was increased significantly (P<0.05). Astrocytes and microglia were activated, the fluorescence intensity of IL-1β and IL-18 was increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and miR-223-3p were increased (P<0.05). Compared with BM group, after treatment with resveratrol, the neurological score was increased (P<0.05), the number of TUNEL positive neurons was decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the inflammatory response of astrocytes and microglia was suppressed. The fluorescence intensity of IL-1β and IL-18 was decreased (P<0.05), the protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased (P<0.05), and the expression level of miR-223-3p was increased (P<0.05). A nucleotide sequence in the 3'-UTR of NLRP3 mRNA might be targeted by miR-223-3p. In the brain of rat BM model, compared with antagomir control group, the expression of NLRP3 was increased in miR-223-3p antagomir group with resveratrol treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Resveratrol may reduce the inflammatory death of cortical neurons in BM model of infant rats through miR-223-3p/NLRP3 pathway, thus playing a protective role for the neurons.