新型换流变压器谐波模型及其配套滤波装置设计

阐述了新型换流变压器及其滤波系统的接线方案和谐波抑制机理.建立了新型换流变压器谐波模型,分析计算了新型换流变压器各绕组的谐波电流分布,实验验证了该模型的正确性.对直流输电开发平台进行了滤波装置实例设计,仿真和实验结果基本一致.证明了新型换流变压器及其滤波系统原理正确,滤波效果好,平台参数选择合理,新系统具有良好的应用前景.     

高压天然气管道内粉尘检测装置的应用

利用新研制的高压天然气管道内粉尘检测装置,测定了天然气净化用过滤器进出口管内的粉尘浓度和粉尘粒度分布。现场试验结果表明,该装置密封性能可靠,数据重复性好,适用于高压天然气过滤分离设备的分离性能评价。利用所测结果计算出了过滤器的平均分离效率,所测过滤分离设备出口管道粉尘浓度都低于1.0mg/m3。     

DNA recovery from agarose gels with a simple centrifuge-driven sephadex filtration

Conventional methods of DNA recovery from agarose gel generally require expensive equipment, extended elution times, or considerable handling of the sample after elution. We developed a simple protocol for a quick and effective recovery of DNA from agarose gels with good yield and quality. Using a Sephadex resin filled spin column, DNA fragments of 500 bp to 6 kb in an agarose gel slice were easily recovered by a 2 min centrifugation. The recovery efficiencies were over 40%-50% and the eluted DNA can be used directly for downstream application, such as polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion. This method could also be used to recover large DNA fragment (48 kb) without degradation. The use of Sephadex helps to remove small molecular impurities from agarose and it also reduces the chance of clogging the column filter caused by direct contact with agarose.     

Assessment of wood surface roughness: comparison of tactile roughness and three-dimensional parameters derived using a robust Gaussian regression filter

Japanese oak and Japanese beech were sanded by hand with abrasive papers of varying grit number. Two three-dimensional parameters selected to characterize their surface roughness – one parameter for the distribution of roughness-profile peaks and the other for the relative area of the roughness-profile peaks above the threshold height – were compared against tactile roughness. The parameters were obtained from roughness profiles as determined by a robust Gaussian regression filter (RGRF) using seven cutoffs. The RGRF filtering process was adjusted specifically for the evaluation of wood surface roughness. Except for a cutoff wavelength of 0.25mm, the RGRF lent itself well to the determination of roughness profiles. No distortion of roughness profiles occurred around deep valleys, and there was a good correlation between the parameters and tactile roughness.Part of this study was presented at the 2002 Kansai Branch Office lecture meeting of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering, Kyotanabe, August 2002     

Effects of polyline simplification of dynamic GPS data under forest canopy on area and perimeter estimations

The objectives of this study were to determine Global Positioning System (GPS) positional errors while moving under the forest canopy and to clarify the effects of polyline simplification on area and perimeter estimations. We used the Pathfinder Pro XR and GPSMAP 76S, which are categorized as “high-end mapping” and “general navigation” GPS receivers, respectively. The field tests were conducted in both natural and plantation forests. The results showed that the Pathfinder Pro XR, which has better multipath rejection technology, worked well, especially in the plantation forest under unfavorable conditions of higher stand density. We used analysis of variance to clarify the effects of the receiver type, positioning mode, stand type, and polyline simplification method on area and perimeter estimations. The receiver type and positioning mode were found to be significant factors that affected area estimation. The Pathfinder Pro XR estimated the area more accurately than the GPSMAP 76S, and differential GPS estimated the area more accurately than autonomous GPS. With respect to the perimeter, the receiver type, positioning mode, and polyline simplification method were found to be significant factors. The results showed that perimeter estimation was improved by using the velocity filter, and further improved by using the velocity filter and Douglas-Peucker algorithm, especially when the Pathfinder Pro XR was used. The GPSMAP 76S estimated the perimeter accurately without any filtering because its default speed filter worked well, even though the GPSMAP 76S is a general navigation GPS receiver.     

基于作物生长模型与机器学习算法的区域冬小麦估产

为精准、高效、实时地实现区域冬小麦产量估算,以河南省鹤壁市淇县桥盟乡石桥村为研究区,基于分辨率10 m的Sentinel-2多时相光学遥感影像,利用集合卡尔曼滤波(Ensemble Kalman filter, EnKF)算法同化PROSAIL辐射传输模型反演的多期叶面积指数(Leaf area index, LAI)到PyWOFOST作物生长模型中实现一定数量不同长势单点产量的估测,最后利用建立的机器学习模型和面域数据反演区域冬小麦产量,实现作物生长模型与机器学习算法的应用耦合及一种新的区域冬小麦估产模式。研究基于Sobol参数敏感性分析法量化对贮藏器官总干重质量(Total dry weight of storage organs, TWSO)与LAI_max的敏感性参数,并基于反演的多期LAI和粒子群优化(Particle swarm optimization, PSO)算法优化与LAI_max相关的TDWI、TBASE、CVS、CVL敏感性参数,将其输入到PyWOFOST模型中,利用EnKF算法和时序LAI数据调整对TWSO相关的AMAX...     

基于低成本惯导和运动约束的农机高精度定位系统研究

北斗定位系统(BDS)能够实现厘米级的定位,在农机导航系统中获得了广泛应用。然而,单纯的卫星定位系统存在一些局限性,比如易受外界遮挡、数据频率低等。因此,在导航系统中集成惯性元件并发展组合导航技术成为重要研究方向。考虑到高性能惯导成本很高,不利于推广应用,本文研究了农业场景下,使用低成本惯导和BDS构成组合导航系统。为提高定位精度,解决由BDS中断导致误差发散的问题,设计了零速修正。同时,分析了BDS/INS组合导航系统中航向角误差不可观测的原因和误差来源,设计了航向约束方法。当BDS信息可用时,利用双天线航向角信息来抑制航向角误差的累积;当BDS中断时,使用零角速度修正。通过现场实验验证,当BDS可用时,零速修正可以将位置、速度和水平姿态的精度分别提高20%、40%和15%以上,航向约束可以将航向角精度提高90%以上;BDS中断时,零速修正可以将位置、速度的精度提高90%以上,水平姿态的精度提高80%以上,航向约束可以将航向角精度提高40%以上。     

Feeding has the largest effect on the ammonia excretion rate of the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, and the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus

The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) excretion of spiny lobsters Jasus edwardsii and Panulirus cygnus, was determined in relation to temperature, body weight, emersion, daily rhythm and feeding. Temperature and body weight had large influences on the rate of TAN excretion. Exponential relationships were found between temperature (T) and TAN excretion of both species. These were described by the following equations: J. edwardsii Log₁₀ TAN=0.041T−3.57 (r²=0.979, F=143.2, P=0.001), P. cygnus Log₁₀ TAN=0.057T−3.90 (r²=0.987, F=302.2, P<0.001). TAN excretions of both species were positively correlated to body weight (W), and the relationships were described by the following equations: J. edwardsii Log₁₀ TAN=0.473 log₁₀ W−1.704 (r²=0.42, F=14.05, P=0.001), P. cygnus Log₁₀ TAN=0.499 log₁₀ W−1.346 (r²=0.69, F=44.18, P<0.001). TAN excretion increased significantly when lobsters were re-immersed after a 30 min period of emersion. However, it returned to pre-emersion levels by the second hour of re-immersion. Daily rhythm resulted in a significantly higher nocturnal TAN excretion rate for J. edwardsii; no daily rhythm was observed for P. cygnus. Feeding had the largest influence on TAN excretion, with maximum increases of 6.28 (J. edwardsii) and 5.60 (P. cygnus) times the pre-feeding level. TAN excretion rates remained significantly higher than the pre-feeding levels for an extended period (26 h, J. edwardsii; 30 h, P. cygnus). Implications for the use of purging tanks in lobster holding facilities and for the design of biofiltration systems are discussed.     

有源电力滤波器数字控制系统设计与数字锁相算法实现

秦典籍少有对圭的形制的描述,后世所见多是历代学者根据典籍及传世品加以想象绘制而成。近代考古学传入中国后,大量出土资料为圭形制的研究提供了科学依据。通过考古研究发现流行于西周的玉柄形器的功能应为某种仪仗类用玉,代表使用者的权力、身份或地位等,应为典籍所载“圭”类瑞玉之一。而盛行于西周的组合玉柄形器无论从尺寸、镶嵌,还是外部鞘饰看都与《考工记·玉人》所记载"命圭"十分吻合。