小型太阳能直流水泵的性能测试研究

自行配置了一套小型太阳能直流水泵,该设备具有装置简单、经济成本低、稳定性好及实用等优点,并在昆明地区进行了性能测试研究。其测试结果表明:辐照度大于450W/m2时该设备运行良好,并且提水高度在0～30m时较适用。可用于阳光充足无电力地区的深井取水、农作物灌溉、及河流、水库、水渠等提水工程。     

“大规格绿化苗木”批量检验方法初探

近年来,随着我国城市及道路绿化的建设发展,对工程质量及苗木规格要求不断提高,"大规格绿化苗木"在许多绿化工程中得到广泛应用。由于此类苗木单价高,几乎占了整个工程造价的一半以上,在工程管理中稍有不慎,便会给整个工程质量造成极大的影响。本文就传统的检验方法与新的检验方法实效进行对比分析,并结合多来年绿化工程施工及管理工作的实践经验,就"大规格绿化苗木"的批量检验方法及其应用作一探讨。     

Impact of MYOD family genes on pork traits in Large White and Landrace pigs

Summary Porcine myogenic differentiation genes ( MYOD ) family play a key role in growth and muscle development and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits. The objective of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms at four loci belonging to the MYOD genes family and analyse their associations with variation in meat production traits in Czech pig breeds. To verify the associations between the polymorphisms and the selected meat traits, altogether 254 pigs, including full- and half-sibs, of Large White and Landrace breeds were tested. The studied meat characteristics were weight of neck, loin, shoulder and ham, lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness, intramuscular fat (IMF), remission, dry matter content and test daily gain. Statistically significant associations were observed between MYOG gene and fat and neck weight, and between MYF5 gene and IMF and LMC. High significant differences were observed between genotypes AA and AB of MYOD1 in IMF and between genotypes AB and BB of MYF5 in loin weight.     

Pre-weaning eating activity and morphological parameters in the small and large intestine of piglets

The effect of pre-weaning eating activity on the intestinal morphology in piglets was investigated on the day of weaning and 5 days post-weaning. The eating activity of each piglet was recorded by means of direct observations. On day 5 post-weaning the villous heights were reduced and the crypt depths were increased irrespective of the pre-weaning eating activity. In the caecum and colon the crypt depth was increased post-weaning and no effect of pre-weaning eating activity was observed. The muscle thickness in the small intestine did not change during the immediate post-weaning period whereas the muscle thickness in the large intestine was doubled in the same period. In conclusion, pre-weaning eating activity did not affect the structural alterations of the small and large intestine. However, the actual number of piglets consuming creep feed prior to weaning was low and the eating activity was highly variable. Therefore, more or later weaned piglets may be needed to show effects of pre-weaning eating activity.     

Leptin基因对陆川猪和大白猪产仔数的影响

根据leptin基因在GenBank中的已知序列设计两对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术在陆川猪和大白猪群体中进行单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）检测,发现了两个SNPs位点,并对其不同基因型个体PCR回收产物进行测序,同时对这两个SNPs位点与产仔数进行了关联分析。结果表明：这两个SNPs位点分别是在第3 469碱基处发生了T→C突变和第3 714碱基处发生了T→G突变,这两个突变都是同义突变;T3714G SNP对陆川猪产仔数影响显著（P〈0.05）,而对大白猪产仔数影响不显著（P〉0.05）,T3 469C SNP对陆川猪和大白猪产仔数影响均不显著（P〉0.05）。     

集约化草地生产及其机械化技术的研究

从介绍我国草地生产的现状出发，着重讨论了发展集约化草地生产的重要性与技术对策，对集约化草地生产的内容、工艺过程及机械化技术装备的需求方向也进行了初步探讨。     

污水污物潜水泵标准的参数探讨

按新的行业标准要求，对污水污物潜水泵的有关技术问题作了详细的阐述和探讨，对促进污水污物潜水泵行业的发展具有一定的参考作用。     

不同品种猪PBD-124基因多态性及差异表达研究

【目的】 克隆获得猪β-防御素-124（porcine beta-defensin-124,PBD-124）基因CDS区并探究其多态性,分析PBD-124基因在不同品种猪及同种猪不同组织内的表达情况。【方法】 采用RT-PCR方法扩增并克隆猪PBD-124基因CDS区,利用PCR-RFLP酶切法对大白猪、民猪和野杂猪PBD-124基因的Bln Ⅰ酶切位点进行多态性检测,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测该基因在不同品种猪肝脏、脾脏和血液内的表达差异。【结果】 试验成功克隆出猪PBD-124基因CDS区,长423 bp,共编码140个氨基酸,测序结果发现其存在c.257 G>A和c.263 T>G 2个突变位点,因2个突变位点间隔过近,可能存在连锁,仅对第1个突变位点进行酶切,大白猪中检测到GG、GA、AA 3种基因型,而民猪和野杂猪中仅检测到GA和AA 2种基因型,3个群体中AA基因型均为优势基因型,大白猪、民猪和野杂猪的AA基因型频率分别为0.5261、0.9412和0.6452,且3个群体均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P>0.05）。3个群体的多态性均不高,大白猪处于中度多态（0.25<PIC<0.5）,民猪和野杂猪则处于低度多态（PIC<0.25）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,PBD-124基因在大白猪、民猪、野杂猪的脾脏、肝脏及血液中均有表达,且存在表达差异。【结论】 猪PBD-124基因CDS区长423 bp,共编码140个氨基酸,与参考序列比对发现2个突变位点,均未引起氨基酸突变;3个群体多态性均不高;PBD-124基因在不同品种猪及同种猪不同组织间表达均存在差异。     

木材横纹压缩大变形应力－应变关系的定量表征

在１００—１３００ｋｇ／ｍ３的密度变异范围选取１７种阔叶树试树，采用典型的６种木材压缩加工条件（气干·２０℃：饱水·２０℃：饱水·１００℃３种条件与约束条件相组合），进行横纹大变形压缩试验和数字化数据采集，经数据分析处理，建立了定量描述木材横纹压缩大变形全领域应力－应交关系的数学表达式。该式的适用性对本试验范围内的各树种、压缩工艺条件均为有效，计算值与实测值十分吻合。     

Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) plantation — An age old agroforestry system in Eastern Himalayas

Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is a shade loving plant grown in the Indian hill states of Sikkim and Dargeeling district of West Bengal. About 30 important tree species are used to provide shade to the cardamom plants. Alnus nepalensis, a deciduous, nitrogen fixing and fast growing tree, is the species most commonly underplanted with cardamom. In addition to providing shade, it is also used for fuelwood. The old trees are cut and young plants coming up are allowed to grow in cyclic order. The quick decomposing leaf litter of A. nepalensis also fertilises the cardamom plants. The nitrogen added to the soil in this way has been found to be as high as 249 kg/ha. Large cardamom thrives well in a moist soil, which is maintained by water diverted from seasonal springs on the upper slopes. The system is well suited to conserving soil, water and tree cover of the characteristically steep slopes of the region. Moreover, the management inputs required for growing cardamom are low but the crop gives a higher financial return than rice or maize. The shade trees used in the system are also a major source of fuel, fodder and timber, especially as access to state owned forests is restricted by legislation. However, increasing incidence of viral chirkey and foorkey disease, panicle rot and capsule borer are reducing the cardamom productivity. It has been observed that integrating dairying and apiculture will further augment profitability from large cardamom agroforestry system.