A multispectral vision system to evaluate enzymatic browning in fresh-cut apple slices

Increased regulation of chemical fumigants has forced the almond industry to seek alternatives for postharvest control of insect pests in raw almonds. This paper reports developments of non-chemical treatment for postharvest disinfestation of almonds using radio frequency (RF) energy. A pilot-scale 27 MHz RF unit was used to evaluate effects of a RF treatment protocol on quality attributes in treated in-shell and shelled almond samples. The RF treatment protocol used 0.75 kW RF power, a forced hot air at 63 °C, back and forth movements on the conveyor at 0.56 m/min, and single mixing, which all improved the final heating uniformity. RF treatments sharply reduced the heating time from 86 and 137 min for hot air heating to only 6.4 and 8.8 min for the center of 1.5 kg in-shell and 2.4 kg shelled almond samples to reach 63 °C, respectively. Almond quality was not affected by the RF treatments because peroxide values, fatty acid and kernel color of treated almonds were better than or similar to untreated controls after 20 d at 35 °C, simulating 2 years of storage at 4 °C. RF treatments did not significantly affect the kernel moisture content of both types of almonds but reduced the moisture content in the shell. RF treatments may hold great potential to replace chemical fumigation for disinfesting almonds.     

The Machine Recognition for Population Feature of Wheat Images Based on BP Neural Network

Recognition and analysis of dynamic information about population images during wheat growth periods can be taken for the base of quantitative diagnosis for wheat growth. A recognition system based on self-learning BP neural network for feature data of wheat population images, such as total green areas and leaves areas was designed in this paper. In addition, some techniques to create favorable conditions for image recognition was discussed, which were as follows: (1) The method of collecting images by a digital camera and assistant equipment under natural conditions in fields. (2) An algorithm of pixei labeling was used to segment image and extract feature. (3)A high pass filter based on Laplacian was used to strengthen image information. The results showed that the ANN system was availability for image recognition of wheat population feature.     

视频显微扫描技术在稻米垩白研究中的应用

利用视频显微扫描技术，结合计算机图形分析，精确考察了垩白分布不同的4个DH株系及其双亲的垩白大小，构建了单粒稻米垩白大小的检测体系；同时还对6个早稻品系的透明度和垩白大小的测定进行了比较，初步探讨了视频显微技术在稻米垩白分析中的应用。     

基于SSSL的水稻重要性状QTL的鉴定及稳定性分析

【目的】单片段代换系（SSSL）是通过高代回交和分子标记辅助选择构建的，只含有来自供体亲本的一个染色体片段，遗传背景与受体亲本相同的品系。本研究的目的是利用SSSL检测不同环境条件下水稻重要性状的QTL。【方法】以32个SSSL为材料，随机区组试验设计，在2～4个季节中对水稻22个重要性状的QTL进行分析。【结果】共鉴定出59个QTL，分布于第1、2、3、4、6、7、8、10和11号染色体上。其中的18个QTL能够在2次以上重复检出，稳定性较好的QTL占检出QTL的30.5%，大多数农艺性状的QTL效应较小、稳定性较差。不同的性状，QTL稳定性不同，千粒重、粒长、谷粒长宽比、抽穗天数等性状的QTL较稳定。稳定性好的QTL，不仅具有较大的加性效应，而且受环境影响较小。【结论】利用单片段代换系可以有效地对水稻重要性状的QTL进行多年多季的稳定性分析。水稻大多数重要农艺性状QTL的不稳定性，反映了水稻生长发育过程的可塑性，可能是通过栽培措施使水稻品种获得高产优质的重要遗传基础。     

一种结合形状特征的多光谱遥感图像分割方法

提出一种结合形状特征和光谱特征对多光谱遥感图像进行分割的方法。首先确定形状因子和光谱因子的表达式．然后应用区域生长算法在给定区域异质性阈值的约束条件下进行图像分割。实验结果表明此方法对中高分辨率多光谱遥感图像的分割效果较好，有一定的推广价值。     

改进CV模型在高分辨率遥感影像分割中的应用

针对遥感图像的特点及分割要求给出了一种CV简化模型,并对改进模型的正确性进行了实验验证.实验结果表明,该方法不但提高了运算速度,而且能够得到连续封闭的目标地物矢量数据,因此可方便地利用分割边界的几何特征实现地物目标的精确识别.     

圆叶椒草的组织培养与植株再生研究

以圆叶椒草茎段为试材,采用植物组织培养方法,研究了6-BA、NAA、IBA对圆叶椒草的愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化以及试管苗生根培养的影响,以期筛选出愈伤组织和芽分化以及生根诱导的最佳培养基.结果表明:愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织和不定芽分化最理想的培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L;试管苗生根培养最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5mg/L+0.5％活性炭.     

Effect of root temperature on nodule development of bean, lentil and pea

The rhizobia-legume symbiosis is the main source of fixed nitrogen for many agricultural systems. However, it is inhibited by low soil temperature. To date, research on nodulation has involved either qualitative or destructive analyses. The use of computer-based image analysis potentially allows nodules to be followed during the course of development. Seedlings of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) were transplanted into plastic growth pouches suspended in water baths maintained at 10, 15, 20 or 25 °C. Two days after transplanting, all plants were inoculated with appropriate rhizobial strains. Seven days after inoculation, plant roots were scanned; this was repeated weekly for 7 weeks. Data on nodule length were collected through image analysis. Nodule length was correlated with nodule size and development. There were increases in the precision of estimates of environmental effects through observation of individual nodule development, as opposed to averages for populations of nodules. The effects of root temperature on nodulation and nodule development were observed both in the delayed onset of nodulation and in reduced subsequent nodule growth rate, resulting in effects on final nodule size.     

利用单片段代换系鉴定水稻株高及其构成因素的QTL

 通过t测验比较了单片段代换系与受体亲本华粳籼74之间的表型差异，对以6个水稻品种为供体的52个单片段代换系代换片段上株高及其构成因素的QTL进行了鉴定。以P≤0.001为阈值，在14个代换片段上共鉴定出24个QTL，包括10个株高QTL、2个穗长QTL、4个倒1节间长QTL、5个倒2节间长QTL、3个倒3节间长QTL，这些QTL分布于水稻的9条染色体上。QTL加性效应值为-4.08～3.98 cm，加性效应百分率为-19.35%～10.43%。