嗜酸乳杆菌La-1产细菌素发酵条件的研究

合适的发酵条件能够有效地提高嗜酸乳杆菌La-1细菌素的产量。在已经确定碳源、氮源和复合维生素的基础上,采用正交试验的方法研究了以MRS为基础的发酵培养基中各营养成分的相互协同作用,10L发酵罐试验证实,优化后的培养基和各项优化技术参数能使细菌总数提高了53.6%,细菌素抗菌活性提高了35.3%,抑菌圈达到了25mm以上。     

雪白弯颈霉产环孢菌素发酵条件的优化

[目的]探讨雪白弯颈霉(Tolypocladium inflatum)产环孢菌素的最适发酵条件。[方法]采用正交试验,研究不同培养时间、培养基种类、装瓶量、菌种接种量(以菌片计)对雪白弯颈霉产环孢菌素的影响。[结果]在培养时间为4 d,发酵培养基为马铃薯200.00 g、甘露醇40.00 g、蛋白胨6.00 g,装瓶量为100 m L,菌片投放为9片时雪白弯颈霉产环孢菌素的发酵条件为最优。[结论]试验结果为提高雪白弯颈霉产环孢菌的产量提供了理论依据。     

平菇液体菌种培养条件的优化研究

以培养温度、起始pH、最佳装液量、最佳培养时间为指标,采用4因素3水平正交试验,最终优选出的平菇液体菌种最适宜培养条件为温度24℃、起始pH 6.5、装液量240 L、培养时间3 d。发酵罐最佳配方为：玉米面2%、麸皮1.2%、红糖1%、磷酸二氢钾0.01%、硫酸镁0.005%、酵母膏0.25%。     

不同碳氮比对苹果渣发酵基质有效氮和主要理化性状的影响·

设计了不同C／N值的苹果渣发酵试验,研究发酵后苹果渣的有效氮含量以及主要理化性状。结果表明,随着C／N值的降低,苹果渣发酵基质有效氮的含量和pH值均呈现升高的趋势,并呈显著负相关;苹果渣发酵基质的容重略有增加。     

温度对固定化微生物发酵制氢的影响

研究了不同发酵温度对固定化微生物制氢的影响,结果表明:当发酵温度为35℃时,其最大累积产氢量为496mL,平均比产氢速率为15.8 mL/(h.g)。     

干湿耦合厌氧发酵工艺设计与发酵特性试验

针对目前大中型沼气工程存在原料单一及沼液沼渣处理难的问题,提出了干法发酵与湿法发酵相结合的干湿耦合厌氧发酵工艺,即畜禽粪便采用湿发酵,将湿法发酵产生的沼液沼渣与秸秆混合进行干法发酵.并研究了干湿耦合比例——沼液沼渣与秸秆比例(BRSR)及干法发酵渗滤液回流对发酵特性的影响,结果表明,随着湿干比例的增加启动时间缩短、产气量增加;干法发酵的渗滤液总固体质量分数为1％以下,达到了固液分离的效果,有利于循环利用和喷淋,解决了湿法厌氧发酵沼液沼渣处理难的问题,实现了沼液的循环利用.     

玉米弯孢菌叶斑病拮抗放线菌BPS2发酵条件的初步探索

通过单因子和正交试验对玉米弯孢菌叶斑病[Curvularialunata(Waker)]拮抗放线菌BPS2进行了发酵条件的研究,包括发酵液的初步筛选、碳源、氮源、初始pH值、装液量、发酵时间等。结果表明,最佳培养基和培养条件为1000mL培养基中蔗糖2.0%、玉米粉2.0%、黄豆饼粉3.0%、蛋白胨0.6%、硫酸铵0.3%、磷酸二氢钾0.1%、氯化钠0.1%、碳酸钙0.3%,培养初始pH值为6,250mL三角瓶装液量为30mL,发酵周期为60h。     

添加剂对汽爆玉米秸秆养分和发酵特性的影响

为解决饲料短缺问题,提高收获籽实后玉米秸秆的利用效率。本试验以经汽爆处理的玉米秸秆进行厌氧发酵,设对照（CK）、分别添加乳酸菌制剂Sila-Max（MAX）,Sila-Mix（MIX）及纤维活性菌（活性菌）4个处理,发酵60 d后测定营养成分及发酵品质。结果表明：不同处理间常规营养成分无显著差异;康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系（Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System,CNCPS）评价结果表明,活性菌组乳酸、MAX组总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于其他处理（P<0.05）;从发酵品质来看,活性菌组pH、NH₃-N/TN显著低于其他处理（P<0.05）,乳酸显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）,MAX组乙酸、丙酸含量显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）,MAX,MIX组干物质损失率显著低于其他处理组（P<0.05）。综上,纤维活性菌可以改善秸秆发酵品质;Sila-Max可以增加乙酸、丙酸含量,减少干物质损失,具有提高秸秆有氧稳定性、抑制饲料二次发酵的潜力;Sila-Mix可以减少秸秆干物质损失。     

Effect of fermentation on sorghum protein fractions and in vitro protein digestibility

Changes in pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and proteins ofDabar sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (Linn) Moench.) during naturalfermentation at 37 ^°C for up to 36 h were monitored. The pH ofthe fermenting material decreased sharply with a concomitant increase in the titratable acidity. Total soluble solids increased with progressivefermentation time. The crude protein and non-protein nitrogen slightlyincreased during the last stages of fermentation. The in vitroprotein digestibility markedly increased as a result of fermentation.The globulin plus albumin fractions increased significantly (p 0.05)during the first 8 h of fermentation. Kaffirin fraction decreasedduring the first 8 h of fermentation but increased sharply as fermentationprogressed. Cross-linked kaffirins fluctuated during the fermentationprocess. Glutelin like protein, which was the minor fraction, trueglutelins, the second most abundant fraction, together with non-extractableproteins fluctuated during the fermentation process.     

Nutritive value of baobab milk (gubdi) and mixtures of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) and hungry rice,acha (Digitaria exilis) flours

The baobab milk and fermented baobab/acha flour mixtures were analyzed chemically for their proximate, ascorbate, mineral and antinutrient composition. The dry pulp scraped from baobab fruits was kneaded, made into solution, extracted through cheese-cloth and stored frozen until analyzed. The acha and baobab grains were cleaned, fermented for 24 to 120 hours, dried and hammermilled into fine flours. The unfermented flours served as controls. The standard assay methods of AOAC were selected for use for the analysis of the nutrients and the antinutrients. The mixtures were composed of 70% acha and 30% baobab flours (70:30 protein basis). The baobab milk contained more protein (1.5%) and minerals (Fe, 17.8 mg; Ca 134.2 mg) than those of human milk (protein, 1.3%, Fe, 0.2 mg, Ca 30 mg) and cow milk (Fe, 0.1 mg; Ca 1.20 mg) and most leading national commercial infant formulas e.g. cerelac (Fe, 10.0 mg). The composite flours contained more nutrients than the baobab or the acha flour alone. The BF96 had greater advantage over other BF flours as a supplement to acha. The mixtures are within the reach of lower income group and can be incorporated into their diets.