基于ProE的香蕉假茎切块还田机构的模拟仿真设计与可行性试验

根据香蕉假茎先分段再进行无支撑切块还田的工艺设计思想,设计了香蕉假茎切块还田机构。该机构采用多把圆盘锯齿刀背刀交错布置于2条旋转轴上的类似对辊式运动原理的切块方法,利用ProE设计软件模拟仿真出合适的刀盘组合,以最快最准确的速度来完成切块机构的设计制作,并对此机构进行可行性试验。结果表明,采用嘲盘锯齿刀背刀交错布置在2条传动轴上的类似对辊式运动原理的切块机理可以实现切块作业。     

基于ADAMS的农用汽车前悬架仿真试验研究

为解决农用运输车前悬架存在振动过大等问题,基于ADAMS软件对农用汽车前悬架进行模拟仿真试验,以指导农用运输车前悬架的优化设计,使其具备更好的动力学性能。优化结果：上横臂长度、上横臂在汽车横向平面的倾角为332.6mm、12.5°,下横臂长度、下横臂在汽车横向平面的倾角为516.5mm、6.5°,车轮接地点的侧向滑移量由初始的19.783mm下降为3.2911mm。     

海藻酸钠-聚乙烯醇交联微球制备参数优化研究

采用海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇为包埋剂,选取交联时间、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇用量比（SA ∶ PVA）以及海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇的总浓度为影响因素设计L49（52×7）正交实验,探讨包埋的最佳理化条件。以包埋材料的成球效果,包埋小球的硬度、弹性及微观结构为考察指标,比较包埋小球性能,探讨包埋条件。结果发现当SA ∶ PVA为7 ∶ 3,总浓度为4％,交联时间为24 h时包埋效果最佳。     

测土配方施肥对花生的肥效试验初报

通过14种施肥处理研究配方施肥对花生产量的影响,以及氮、磷、钾配合施用的肥料效应。结果表明：每个测土配方施肥处理花生的产量都比对照(空白)增产;14个施肥处理中的N3P2K2处理产量最高,肥料用量和氮磷钾比例最为合理,采用该配方施肥能使花生生产获得较高的经济效益。     

马铃薯叶片水分利用效率及相关生理性状研究

试验于2011年在哈尔滨东北农业大学香坊试验实习基地进行,以4个马铃薯品种为材料,通过盆栽控水试验对马铃薯的叶片水分利用率（LWUE）及与其相关生理性状进行研究。结果表明,在水分胁迫下参试品种的叶片水分利用效率均表现为花期〉蕾期〉苗期〉收获期,且品种间叶片水分利用率差异显著。光合速率、蜡质、可溶性糖含量与LWUE呈极显著正相关。蒸腾速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度与LWUE呈显著负相关,气孔导度与LWUE呈极显著负相关。     

长期绿肥还田对江南稻田系统生产力及抗逆性的影响

 依据江南丘陵地区双季稻田28年（1981-2008年）长期绿肥还田的田间定位试验和4年的养分耗竭盆栽试验,分析比较了长期不同量绿肥还田对稻田系统生产力和抗逆性的综合影响。结果表明,常量绿肥还田和高量绿肥还田处理下,早稻、晚稻和历年的全年平均籽粒产量和生物学产量及其变异系数与长期单施化肥处理差异不显著,但由于绿肥还田处理施用绿肥替代部分化肥,平均每年的化肥N、P和K投入量比单施化肥处理分别减少90.0、9.9和72.0 kg/hm2。绿肥处理的双季稻全年产量呈上升趋势,而长期化肥处理则呈下降趋势,且前者的全年产量可持续性产量指数均略高于后者,常量绿肥还田下稻田系统的耐瘠能力也显著高于长期单施化肥处理。不同量绿肥还田下稻田系统生产力差异不显著,但耐瘠能力常量还田处理较高。     

国外纤维亚麻品种的比较与评价

采用随机区组对从国外引进的纤维亚麻品种进行了比较试验。结果表明:各参试品种的生育期与对照品种相当;TX-3、TX-13、SU和TX-14的原茎产量、种子产量和出麻率优于对照品种FANY,其它参试品种的原茎产量低于对照品种,但出麻率均优于对照品种;TX-3、SU和MARYLIN对枯萎病达中度抗病水平;比较各参试品种的综合表现,TX-3和SU两品种生育期适中、产量和出麻率高、抗病性好,可推广应用。     

DPS统计软件在《试验统计方法》课程教学中的应用效果评价

DPS统计软件具有完整的数据输入、编辑、试验设计、统计分析、图形制作等功能,在《试验统计方法》课程教学中,将DPS统计软件作为实验课的教学辅助工具,可激发学生的学习积极性,显著提高教学质量。     

Enhanced kernel set promoted by synchronous pollination determines a tradeoff between kernel number and kernel weight in temperate maize hybrids

Maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is strongly related to the number of harvested kernels, where kernel number can be increased by synchronously pollinating silks rather than allowing them to be progressively pollinated as they naturally appear from the husks. However, there is scarce evidence on how this practice affects kernel weight (KW) and plant grain yield (PGY), and no report exists on its effects when combined with treatments aimed to reduce apical dominance, like male sterility and detasseling. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (Exp₁ and Exp₂) using two hybrids, cropped at contrasting stand densities (3 and 9 plants per m²) and including (i) male-fertile and male-sterile versions, (ii) tasseled and detasseled plants, and (iii) natural (NP) and synchronous pollination (SP; pollen added manually to ears bagged 5 days after initial silking) systems. Tassel growth of sterile and fertile versions was also evaluated in a separate experiment (Exp₃). Detasseling increased the number of ears per plant reaching silking (P < 0.001) of NP plants, but this beneficial effect of reduced apical dominance did not improve kernel number per plant (KNP) or PGY. Similarly, the early arrest of anther growth in male-sterile plants had no clear benefit on KNP. In contrast, KNP was enhanced by synchronous pollination (range between −13% and +71%; average of +15.4% in Exp₁ and +3.9% in Exp₂). However, this pollination system promoted a decreased in KW (range between −30% and +4%; average of −11.8% in Exp₁ and −7.8 in Exp₂) such that the treatment had no effect on PGY (range between −19% and +37%; average of +1% in Exp₁ and −4% in Exp₂). Because plant growth rate around flowering was not different between pollination treatments, assimilate availability per kernel was reduced from ovary fertilization onwards in synchronously pollinated plants when compared to open pollinated plants. This explains the reduced KW when increasing KNP by synchronous pollination. In summary, none of the imposed treatments allowed grain yield to be increased at the plant level.     

正交试验法制备生物柴油最佳反应条件的选择

生物柴油可以由菜籽油与甲醇在碱催化剂的作用下通过酯交换反应制得。为解决生物柴油酯交换过程中的产物与催化剂分离问题,制备了负载型固体碱催化剂,观察了反应条件如醇油比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等的变化对生物柴油转化率的影响。采用正交试验方法找出菜籽油酯交换反应的最佳反应条件为醇油摩尔比18∶1,催化剂用量8%,反应温度65℃,反应时间7 h。在此反应条件下生物柴油转化率可达到98%以上。