抗伊氏锥虫变异表面糖蛋白单克隆抗体的初步研究

应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备了2个抗伊氏锥虫变异表面糖蛋白的McAb。特异性实验结果表明,2个McAb只与伊氏锥虫同一变异型表面抗原发生特异反应,而不与同种异株或同株不同变异型伊氏锥虫发生交叉反应,亦不与路氏锥虫等不同种抗原反应。运用正辛酸与硫酸铵二步沉淀法纯化了腹水MeAb,纯化后的McAb活性没有明显降低。应用2个McAb,以ELISA抑制试验检测了4份伊氏锥虫血清,结果均未出现明显的抑制作用,表明血清样本间很少或完全没有与McAb相类似的抗体,进而说明伊氏锥虫存在多个血清型亦即变异抗原型。     

滨海地区土壤化学因子对杨树生长影响的研究

本文采用相对变率关联分析法,对滨海地区杨树的树高、直径、单株木材积和材积生长量与主要的土壤化学因子:HCO_3~-,Cl~-,SO_4~(2-),Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Na~++K~+,阴离子总量、全盐量及pH值,进行了关联分析。结果表明,影响滨海地区杨树生长的主要土壤化学因子是土壤pH值,其次为HCO_3~-离子,再次为Ca~(2+)离子,从而为改良滨海土壤及提高造林质量,提供了理论依据。     

1株难以定型的鸭疫里默氏菌分离株

采用未经过吸收和经过吸收的抗血清，通过凝集试验和沉淀试验对1999年从河北某鸭场分离到的1株鸭疫里默氏菌(编号为C515)进行了研究。玻片凝集试验可将C515鉴定为19型，试管凝集试验表明，C515与19型参考菌株只有单向低度交叉凝集反应；C515不在10型抗血清中凝集，但C515抗血清可与10型参考菌株发生凝集反应；交互吸收可消除C515与10型和19型之间的交叉凝集反应，但不影响同源凝集反应和同源沉淀反应。C515与1～19型中的其他17个型的参考菌株没有可见的凝集反应，c515与1～19型参考菌株均不产生可见的沉淀反应。单独比较c515与1～19型参考菌株的关系，可将它鉴定为不同于1～19型的血清型，但该菌株还与10型的4个亚型菌株存在不同程度的交叉反应，尤其与亚型4(代表菌株为C598)存在高度交叉凝集反应和清晰的交叉沉淀反应；若将C515定为10型的亚型，又不符合10型分离株的共性。因此，该菌株属于难以定型的一类，可将它暂时鉴定为C598菌株的一个变异株。     

Do animal exhibitors support and follow recommendations to prevent transmission of variant influenza at agricultural fairs? A survey of animal exhibitor households after a variant influenza virus outbreak in Michigan

Influenza A viruses circulate in swine and can spread rapidly among swine when housed in close proximity, such as at agricultural fairs. Youth who have close and prolonged contact with influenza‐infected swine at agricultural fairs may be at increased risk of acquiring influenza virus infection from swine. Animal and human health officials have issued written measures to minimize influenza transmission at agricultural exhibitions; however, there is little information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of these measures among animal exhibitors. After an August 2016 outbreak of influenza A(H3N2) variant (“H3N2v”) virus infections (i.e., humans infected with swine influenza viruses) in Michigan, we surveyed households of animal exhibitors at eight fairs (including one with known H3N2v infections) to assess their KAP related to variant virus infections and their support for prevention measures. Among 170 households interviewed, most (90%, 151/167) perceived their risk of acquiring influenza from swine to be low or very low. Animal exhibitor households reported high levels of behaviours that put them at increased risk of variant influenza virus infections, including eating or drinking in swine barns (43%, 66/154) and hugging, kissing or snuggling with swine at agricultural fairs (31%, 48/157). Among several recommendations, including limiting the duration of swine exhibits and restricting eating and drinking in the animal barns, the only recommendation supported by a majority of households was the presence of prominent hand‐washing stations with a person to monitor hand‐washing behaviour (76%, 129/170). This is a unique study of KAP among animal exhibitors and highlights that animal exhibitor households engage in behaviours that could increase their risk of variant virus infections and have low support for currently recommended measures to minimize infection transmission. Further efforts are needed to understand the lack of support for recommended measures and to encourage healthy behaviours at fairs.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病BK912变异株疫苗安全及效力试验

使用３批ＩＢＤ－ＢＫ９１２冻干疫苗对２０日龄在隔离器中饲养的ＳＰＦ鸡经２次点眼、口服各２０００ＴＣＩＤ５０，干二免后１４天用１００ＢＩＤ５０１０８４Ａ法氏囊囊毒攻毒，对照组１００％发病，免疫的３个组１００％保护，通过对囊指数的测定，疫苗安全，对囊无损伤。     

豫南地区猪伪狂犬病病毒流行株的主要毒力基因遗传变异分析

为掌握豫南地区猪群中流行的伪狂犬病病毒（Pseudorabies virus,PRV）分子遗传特征,本研究利用PCR方法从PRV感染猪的组织中扩增其主要毒力基因gB、gE、gC、gD和TK,并进行核苷酸序列测定。利用MegAlign软件进行流行毒株的主要毒力基因与已发表的参考序列的相似性、进化树和关键位点氨基酸变异分析。测序结果表明,本研究成功从5份PRV感染猪组织中扩增出PRV的gB、gE、gC、gD和TK基因。氨基酸相似性和进化树分析结果表明,豫南地区的5株PRV流行株与国内流行毒株在G1群,与G1群国内流行毒株的gB、gE、gC和gD氨基酸相似性分别为98.5%~100%、97.2%~100%、97.5%~100%和98.3%~100%;与G2群亲缘关系较远（以Bartha、Becker、NiA3株为代表的欧美地区流行毒株）,与G2群内毒株的gB、gE、gC和gD氨基酸相似性分别为96.4%~97.4%、94.6%~95.7%、92.7%~94.0%和96.3%~99.0%。关键氨基酸变异分析结果表明,与Bartha株（或Becker和NiA3株等）相比,5株流行毒株的gB氨基酸存在75-77位"PGL"的缺失,94位"G"的插入;gE氨基酸存在48和496位有"D"的插入,gC氨基酸存在57-63位"VSGTTGA"的插入和65-69位"SPEAG"突变为"ASTPA",gD氨基酸存在278-281位"RP"或"RPRP"的插入。此外,流行株的gB、gE、gC、gD和TK氨基酸序列存在多个单位点的氨基酸突变。因此,豫南地区PRV流行株具有PRV变异毒株的分子遗传特征。上述结果证实,5株PRV流行毒株均为变异毒株,与疫苗毒株Bartha-K61株亲缘关系较远。     

不同水分状况下桃树根茎液流变化规律研究

利用热脉冲技术研究桃树根茎液流变化规律，并用自动气象站对气象因子进行同步监测。对液流日变化、日际变化及不同位点液流变化规律进行了研究，还分析了水分胁迫下树干液流的波动特征。运用回归的方法建立环境气象因子与树干液流量之间的数量关系。其结果表明：根茎液流日变化和日际变化趋势相同；木质部内不同深度处液流速率大小不同；水分胁迫下，树干液流有波动特征；气象因子与树干液流量之间的数量关系能很好地预测桃树的蒸腾耗水量。     

新基因p7TP3剪切体1的克隆与亚细胞定位

利用RT-PCR技术扩增丙型肝炎病毒p7蛋白反式调节基因3剪切体1（p7TP3剪切体1）开放阅读框序列。将目的基因片段插入pGEM-T载体中,经双酶切和测序鉴定后,定向克隆至荧光表达载体pEGFP-C1,EcoRI及BamHI双酶切鉴定。脂质体法转染HepG2细胞,荧光显微镜下观察确定其亚细胞定位。结果表明,p7TP3剪切体1片断长度为381 bp,与预期结果一致;亚细胞定位结果表明,该蛋白定位于细胞浆中。