栓皮栎不同变异类型RAPD分析

运用RAPD技术从235条随机引物中筛选出35条引物,对取自秦岭北坡4个类型的24份天然栓皮栎种群的材料基因组DNA进行扩增.结果表明:栓皮栎天然群体的总体遗传多样性水平高,栓皮栎天然群体遗传分化大、遗传变异高;通过UPGMA聚类分析,将栓皮栎天然群体划分成厚皮深裂型、厚皮浅裂型、薄皮浅裂型、薄皮深裂型4个变异类型是有遗传基础的,其与形态学分类基本一致;多态位点数、多态百分率、观测等位基因平均数、Shannon信息指数和Nei基因多样性指数所显示的各类型遗传多样性变化规律都一致,即厚皮深裂型＞薄皮浅裂型＞薄皮深裂型＞厚皮浅裂型,各变异类型的遗传多样性水平高;栓皮栎遗传种质资源极其丰富,遗传改良潜力大.     

Pathogenicity and antigenicity of a new variant of Korean nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus

Despite the existence of an active vaccination program, recently emerged strains of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Korea have caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, we assessed the pathogenic and antigenic characteristics of a K-IIb type field strain of IBV that emerged in Korea since 2003, such as Kr/Q43/06. Specific pathogen free 1-week-old chickens exhibited severe respiratory symptoms (dyspnea) and nephropathogenic lesions (swollen kidneys with nephritis and urate deposits) following challenge with the recent IBV field strain. The antigenic relatedness (R value), based on a calculated virus neutralization index, of the K-IIb type field strain and K-IIa type strain KM91 (isolated in 1991) was 30%, which indicated that the recent strain, Kr/Q43/06, is a new variant that is antigenically distinct from strain KM91. This report is the first to document the emergence of a new antigenic variant of nephropathogenic IBV in chicken from Korea.     

狗牙根辐射诱变后代变异植株的形态特征比较和ISSR分析

对狗牙根Cynodon dactylon ‘Princess.77’辐射诱变后代中筛选的7个变异植株与其对照以及目前草坪工程中应用的‘Common’、 ‘Jackpot ’、‘Ulma’、‘ Nume×Sahara’、‘Tifway’、‘Tifgreen’等共14份材料进行表型性状比较和ISSR分析,结果表明：各变异植株与对照之间在节间长度方面均有显著差异;节间直径除HN016与对照差异不显著外,其他变异植株与对照之间差异均显著（P＜0.05）;变异植株HN015的绿期最长,平均270.3 d,HN010的绿期最短,平均242.3 d;从38个ISSR随机引物中筛选出10个引物,对这14个狗牙根材料的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,并进行遗传相似系数与聚类分析,形态变异植株与其对照之间的遗传相似系数为0.585～0.776,遗传差异性比较明显。     

清肝宁肺汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘大鼠模型疗效的实验研究

目的探讨清肝宁肺汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)大鼠模型的疗效。方法通过注射卵蛋白(OA)致敏、雾化吸入OA和辣椒素刺激咳嗽的方法,复制CVA大鼠模型。随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松片组、清肝宁肺汤组、清肝宁肺汤合地塞米松片组(以下简称为清肺汤加地米组),以2 min内咳嗽次数,肺、气管及心脏体质量指数,肺组织病理变化,体质量和死亡率为指标。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠咳嗽次数显著增加(P<0.01),肺及气管、心脏体质量指数升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),肺组织病理切片可见炎性改变。给药后各组上述指标均有所改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),清肺汤加地米组和地塞米松片组起效快,但地塞米松片组体质量下降明显,死亡率高。结论清肝宁肺汤能够有效治疗CVA,并能降低地塞米松片的毒副作用。     

Effects of SLT-Ⅱe on Cytokines of Inflammatory Response Secreted by PIMVECs

The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of TNF-α,P-selectin,ICAM-1,NO and ET in porcine intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (PIMVECs) treated with Escherichia coli Shiga-like toxin type Ⅱ variant (SLT-Ⅱe).SLT-Ⅱe was extracted from Escherichia coli by using ultracentrifugation,and the concentration was determined by BAC kit.The purity of SLT-Ⅱe was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.The optimal incubation time (0,2,4,8,12,24 h) and concentration of SLT-Ⅱe (0.1,0.5,1,5,10 μg/mL) on PIMVECs were evaluated by WST-1.The levels of TNF-α,P-selectin,ICAM-1,NO and ET in cell culture supernatant of control group (0 μg/mL SLT-Ⅱe) and test group (1 μg/mL SLT-Ⅱe) were detected by ELISA.The results showed that using ultracentrifugation could extract pure SLT-Ⅱe with a concentration of 721.75 μg/mL.1 μg/mL SLT-Ⅱe could significantly reduce the activity of PIMVECs after 8 h (P<0.01) and significantly increase the TNF-α secretion of PIMVECs after 9 and 12 h treatment (P<0.05).The NO/ET values at 9 and 12 h were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).After 9 and 12 h treatment the content of P-selectin was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the levels of ICAM-1 was significantly increased at 12 h (P<0.05).In summary,1 μg/mL SLT-Ⅱe could induce the increase of TNF-α,P-selectin,ICAM-1 and NO/ET secreted by PIMVECs,which laid a foundation for studying the pathogenesis of piglet edema disease.     

A Chromosomal Variant Regenerated from Embryo-Derived Callus of a Cross between H. vulgare L. and Psathyrostachys fragilis (Boiss.) Nevski

A hybrid plant was regenerated from embryo-derived callus after crossing Hordeum vulgare with Psathyrostachys fragilis. A mciotic analysis of pollen mother cells revealed the frequent occurrence of one ring bivalent and twelve univalents. It appeared that eight H. vulgare and six P. fragilis chromosomes were present and an unknown duplicate H. vulgare chromosome had compensated for the loss of one P. fragilis chromosome. Although it remains unclear whether the anomaly was present in the original explain or had occurred during the callus phase, the technique could be used to investigate genome homology between the two species.     

狗牙根的组织培养及其矮化变异体研究初报

 以杂交狗牙根品种‘Tifeagle’的匍匐茎节作外植体，诱导出胚性愈伤组织，进一步分化后获得了再生植株。在再生植株中出现了体细胞变异，其中一株TV4的匍匐茎节间长度比亲本减短了47％，叶长减短了32％，叶宽增大了30％，根系较亲本更发达，耐冷性略高于亲本。     

以水稻白叶枯病原菌培养过滤液离体筛选再生植株后代的抗病性研究

用人工接种方法,从水稻感病品种青二矮和桂朝二号体细胞组织培养再生植株后代(R2)中,筛选抗白叶枯病变异株系。测试932个株系,发现12个有抗性变异,其中7个整个株系的植株表现一致抗病,另5个则有抗感分离。在有抗性变异的12个株系中,6个是从含白叶枯病原菌培养过滤液培养基培养得来的327个无性系中筛选出来的;另6个是从来源于不含病原菌培养过滤液培养基培养的605个无性系中产生。变异率分别为1.83%和0.99%。经测定W1和W78两株系R2扰病变异植株,在R3、R4均抗病。它们的抗性与原种及感病对照品种金刚30的抗性达极显著差异,与抗病对照品种IR26属同一水平。     

Assessment of naturally acquired neutralizing antibodies against rabies Lyssavirus in a subset of Nunavik’s Inuit population considered most at risk of being exposed to rabid animals

Contact with infected saliva through the bite of a rabid animal is the main route of infection with the rabies Lyssavirus in humans. Although a few individuals have survived the infection, rabies remains the most lethal zoonotic infection worldwide. Over the last century, the dogma that rabies is invariably fatal has been challenged by the survival and recovery of infected animals. In humans, 11 studies have found rabies virus‐specific antibodies in unvaccinated individuals exposed to rabies virus reservoir species, suggesting the possibility of asymptomatic rabies virus infection, contact with non‐infectious virus or exposure to the virus without viral replication. Two of these studies were conducted in Arctic hunters. Considering the extensive exposure of Nunavik's Inuit to potentially infected animals through hunting, trapping, skinning and the preparation of Arctic carnivores, we analysed archived serum samples from the 2004 Nunavik Inuit Health Survey for the presence of rabies virus‐neutralizing antibodies (rVNA) in this sub‐population. A total of 196 participants who were considered at highest risk for exposure to rabies virus were targeted. Serum samples were tested for the presence of rVNA using a variation of the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test, an assay recommended for the quantification of neutralizing antibody titres following vaccination. Our study identified two seropositive individuals among the 196 participants but a review of their medical record and a phone interview revealed previous vaccination. Our results do not provide evidence for naturally acquired rVNA in Nunavik's Inuit population.