Cutting technic forPinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern

The cutting technic for thePinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern in the hilly region of Jiangxi Province was studied by establishing the model of growth progress according to Richards function and simulating the tending cutting on computer by use of dynamic programming. The results showed that the best time for the initial thinning was at tree age of 8–10 and final cutting was at tree age of 25. The optimal thinning project was 3 times of thinning cutting including the first thinning, and the thinning time was at tree ages of 8, 12 and 16, respectively. Their thinning intensities were separately 950, 700 and 300 trunks per hectare, and the preserved density was 550 trunks per hectare until the final cutting Foundation item: This study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (A grant 0330023) Biography: WANG Qing-chun (1970-), male, Ph. Doctor, Senior Engineer in Academy of Forest Inventory & Planning, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330046, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

气候变化下西北太平洋大海洋生态系海表面温度特征分析

黄鳍金枪鱼 (Thunnus albacares) 为高度洄游的大洋性鱼类,有较高的生态和经济价值,中西太平洋 (Western and Central Pacific Ocean, WCPO) 是全球金枪鱼捕捞产量最高的海区。为了解和预测中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼不同渔业对气候变化的反应,根据1990—2020年世界各国在中西太平洋的围网和延绳钓作业以及海洋尼诺指数 (Oceanic Niño index, ONI) 数据,分析了常规自回归积分滑动平均模型 (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model, ARIMA) 和加入ONI标准差为协变量的动态ARIMA模型在渔业资源量研究中的适用性,以及ONI对中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼年际单位捕捞努力量渔获量 (Catch per unit effort, CPUE) 的影响。结果表明：1) 常规ARIMA模型能够充分考虑中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼年CPUE的变化特征,可用于黄鳍金枪鱼年CPUE的长期拟合;2) 相比常规ARIMA模型,动态ARIMA模型的拟合度更好,拟合值和真实值的相关性更高,同时平均绝对误差、均方根误差更小;3) ONI对中西太平洋赤道南北海域黄鳍金枪鱼的年CPUE影响不同,相对而言,在赤道以北,ONI的影响因素更关键,模型的拟合度更高;4) ONI对中西太平洋不同渔业的黄鳍金枪鱼的年CPUE影响有差别,对中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔业存在滞后1~2年的影响,而在强厄尔尼诺和强拉尼娜现象时,对围网渔业的影响速度较快,不存在滞后。     

圆弧插补对数算法及误差分析

提出了一种采用对数算法的圆弧插补方法，并对插补误差进行了分析，插补软件利用ＭＣＳ－５１汇编语言编制。     

回转机械转动惯量和动摩擦力矩测试方法

针对机械的回转系统,提出了一种整机测试春转动惯量和动摩擦力矩的新方法,分析了测试原理,推导了计算公式,并进行了初步的测试研究,实测证明,这种测试计算方法可以直接进行回转系统的惯量和摩擦力矩的测试,测试的对象为回转系统中的全部零部件,因此这种测试计算方法为整机回转系统的测试研究提供了依据。     

基于TM卫星图像的水体边缘检测研究

图像的边缘检测是图像特征提取和图像分析理解的基础.运用Roberts,Sobel,Prewitt,Laplacian 4种经典边缘检测算子对TM遥感影像进行水体边缘检测研究,然后对各种算子获得的结果进行比较.结果认为:采用Roberts算子获得的水体边缘不清晰,而且边缘不连续,边缘检测效果比较差;采用Sobel算子获得的水体边缘局部效果不佳,边缘定位精度不高;采用Laplacian算子获得的水体边缘不具有方向性,定位精度高,检测出了绝大部分的边缘;采用Prewitt算子方法二获得的水体边缘明显,效果最佳.因此,Prewitt算子方法二是最佳的基于TM遥感影像提取水体边缘的方法.     

颗粒料质量流量测量误差动态估算方法

提出了一种利用冲量原理测量固体颗粒物料实时物料速度和质量流量的方法,同时给出了一种可动态估算速度和质量流量测量误差的方法.利用自行设计的实验装置,并采用大豆作为实验材料进行了测量误差估算的实验,实验结果表明:在所设计的实验条件下,估算的质量流量相对误差最大值为4.00％,平均相对误差为1.44％;估算的速度相对测量误差最大值为9.69％,平均相对误差为5.03％,动态测量精度和总质量计量精度之间有较好的相关性.     

Three new algorithms to calculate the irreplaceability index for presence/absence data

The irreplaceability index is used for determining the priority of sites for conservation. We propose three new and simple algorithms for calculating it from presence/absence data without any statistical assumptions when the representative combination size is the minimum. The rare species algorithm gives accurate results but takes the longest calculation time. The species richness algorithm gives approximated results and takes the shortest calculation time. The combined algorithm is intermediate in accuracy and calculation time. We applied the combined algorithm to real data of butterflies in the Kanto district, central Japan, and derived irreplaceability values.     

用动态摄影测试水稻插秧机性能

本文提出了动态摄影的概念,并研制出其实用装置,用来拍摄插秧机分插机构秧爪运动轨迹照片,对研究、试制及鉴定插秧机性能起了重要作用。     

黄泛平原粗砂潮土农田土壤水分动态研究

根据土壤物理性质测定和水分定位观测结果,结合当地气候、作物生育特点,将黄泛平原粗砂潮土土壤水分垂直性分布划分为：速变层（０～４０ｃｍ）,活跃层（４０～１００ｃｍ）和稳定层（１００ｃｍ以下）;将土壤水分季节性动态划分成：强烈腾发期、补充下淋期、缓慢消耗期和相对稳定期。     

Analysis on the ultrasonic online location for partial discharge in the stator winding of generator

The propagation characteristics of the partial discharge’s ultrasonic signal in the stator of generator and the difference between the ultrasonic signal and the running background noise are analyzed with experiments. Ultrasonic online location for partial discharge is proven to be feasible. For non blind area monitoring, the stator is divided into several equal parts. Locating equations are established with electroacoustic detection method and optimized with genetic algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method of ultrasonic online location for the partial discharge in the stator of generator is correct.