冻烤鳗抗生素残留量微生物分析法

本文叙述了农业部1997年批准的中华人民共和国冻烤鳗水产行业标准中以纸片扩散法检测烤鳗样品中抗生素残留量的原理,操作方法,最低检出量和对30份烤鳗样品的检验结果。同时探讨了制定烤鳗抗生素残留量的质量标准和检测方法的思路。     

虚拟仪器在气制动阀类零部件性能测试中的应用

虚拟仪器是计算机技术发展的产物，是计算机硬件、软件和仪器技术的完美结合。本文论述了虚拟仪器的现状、结构及其在气制动阀类零部件性能测试中的应用。     

汽车前后轴制动力分配原理

对汽车在刹车状态下的滑移情况进行了力学分析,并对不同速度下汽车的刹车及前后刹车时间的差异所产生的不同刹车效果进行了分析。     

车辆气压制动安全保护装置的试验研究

采用气压制动装置的车辆,气压低是造成事故的主要原因之一。为保证车辆的安全运行,在气压制动系统中施加安全保护开关,控制发动机的点火电路(汽油机)或熄火电磁阀电路 (柴油机),可实现低气压时的自动保护。     

湿式多片制动器油槽内三维抛物流的数值计算

采用控制容积法对三维抛物流的基本方程进行了离散化,并针对湿式多片制动器径向油槽内冷却油运动方程的抛物性,计算出摩擦盘在不同运动速度下,油槽内流体的流场,从而为进一步计算出冷却油与摩擦副之间的换热系数和湿式多片制动器的开发设计提供了理论依据。     

A nonlinear 3D finite element analysis of the soil forces acting on a disk plow

This study aimed to compare predicted soil forces on a disk plow with measured forces within the tillage depth of clay (90 g kg⁻¹ sand, 210 g kg⁻¹ silt, 700 g kg⁻¹ clay) and sandy loam (770 g kg⁻¹ sand, 40 g kg⁻¹ silt, 190 g kg⁻¹ clay) soils. The model assumed the effects of both tilt angle and plowing speed. Two plowing speeds (4 and 10 km/h) at three tilt angles (15°, 20° and 25°) were compared and the draft, vertical, and side forces determined. A 3D nonlinear finite element model was used to predict the soil forces while a dynamometer was used to measure them on a disk plow in the field. An incremental method was used to deal with material nonlinearity and the Trapezoidal rule method was used to analyze the dynamic response of soil during tillage. Field tillage experiments were conducted to verify the results of the finite element model. It was found that increasing the tilt angle of the plow increased the draft and vertical forces and decreased the side force. Increasing plowing speed increased the draft and side forces and decreased the vertical force. Generally, the results from the finite element model were found to be compatible with the experimental results in clay soil, while in sandy loam the differences between predicted and measured data were probably due to problems of measuring soil mechanical characteristics in the triaxial test.     

圆盘分割法在转基因大豆抗虫鉴定上的应用

大豆食心虫是大豆的主要害虫之一,随着大豆种植面积的扩大,其为害逐年加重。应用转基因抗虫品种防治大豆食心虫是现阶段应用研究热点,但其抗虫性一直存在着不易检测的困难。针对这一问题,本实验室设计、提出一种新型室内抗虫生测方法———圆盘分割法。该方法是根据大豆食心虫发生规律和取食习性来进行转基因大豆抗虫鉴定。试验证明了圆盘分割法的可行性;同时,该方法结合网室接虫鉴定法可以使转基因大豆抗虫鉴定更为高效和准确。     

改善农用运输车制动方向稳定性的探讨

从改善农用运输车制动方向稳定性的角度，提出在制动管路中装置感载比例旁通阀，以提高农用运输车的行车安全性．文中导出了制动时前、后轮同时抱死拖滑的理想制动压力和感载比例旁通阀的设计计算表达式．     

混合动力汽车下坡辅助电-液复合制动控制方法

为提高混合动力汽车下坡辅助控制中电、液复合制动的综合性能,该文提出一种综合考虑整车安全及经济性的电、液复合制动控制方法。通过对混合动力汽车下坡辅助制动转矩变化过程及各辅助制动系统特性的分析,拟定了以安全性为基础、以经济性为目标的下坡辅助制动转矩分配原则,利用前馈加反馈的控制方法制定了电机辅助制动系统及液压辅助制动系统的转矩协调控制策略。并通过仿真及试验平台对以上算法进行了验证,结果表明该方法可以有效地减小液压系统启动延时,保证了液压辅助制动系统的响应速度及下坡辅助系统整体的响应精度。该研究提高了整车控制的安全性和经济性,也为电动车辆复合制动进一步研究提供了思路。     

Cotton management in a compacted subsurface microirrigated coastal plain soil of the southeastern US

A loamy sand Acrisol (Aquic Hapludult) that had been microirrigated for 6 years became so severely compacted that it had root limiting values of soil cone index in the Ap horizon and a genetic hardpan below it. Deep and surface tillage systems were evaluated for their ability to alleviate compaction. Deep tillage included subsoiling or none. Both deep tillage treatments were also surface tilled by disking, chiseling, or not tilling. Subsoiling was located in row or between rows to avoid microirrigation tubes (laterals) that were buried under every other mid row or every row. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) was planted in 0.96-m wide rows. Cotton yield was improved by irrigation from 485 to 1022 kg ha⁻¹ because both 2001 and 2002 were dry years. Tillage loosened the soil by an average of 0.5–1.3 MPa; but compacted zones remained outside tilled areas. Subsoiling improved yield by 131 kg ha⁻¹ when performed in row where laterals were placed in the mid rows; but subsoiling did not improve yield when it was performed in mid rows. For subsurface irrigation management in these soils, the treatment with laterals buried under every other mid row was able to accommodate in-row subsoiling which improved yield; and this treatment was just as productive as and had been shown to be less expensive to install than burying laterals under every row.