A Spatial Approach to Participatory Planning in Forestry Decision Making

A method is introduced in which qualitative information obtained in a public participation process is transformed into quantitative spatial decision support for forest management planning. In the first phase, qualitative analysis is implemented by using the tools of qualitative research analysis. Then, a method is developed whereby it is possible to connect the expressed opinions to certain locations, to weight these opinions in a sensible way, and then to combine them in the form of a score map. In this phase, geographic information system (GIS) and preference analysis tools were used. The case study, carried out in the area managed by the Finnish Forest and Park Service, illustrates how to pack huge amounts of unstructured public feedback as decision support. The result of the analysis was a score map ranking pixels in the study area according to the aggregated preferences and norms expressed by public. Based on the case study experiences, it was concluded that most of this kind of public feedback can be illustrated for decision makers by using a few score maps.     

药用植物腊叶塑封标本制作技术

提出了药用植物腊叶塑封标本制作中采集——压制——装订上台纸——塑封等各环节的方法,尤其针对标本制作中存在的变色、叶片脱落等问题提出了用5%酒精溶液浸泡、0.3%沸盐水浸泡、烘干箱烘干、硅胶干燥、醋酸铜溶液保色等解决方案。     

FORESTAR：A decision—support system for multi—objective forest management in Northeast China

Past monoculture forestry in China has contributed to countrywide ecological disasters and economic difficulties in forestry regions. China‘s new forestry programs, Natural Forest Conservation Program and Returning Farmlands to Forests Program, provide opportunities for ecosystem management of mountain forests in China. A decision support system, FORE-STAR, has been developed for better managing and protecting natural forests in Changbai Mountain area. It uses GIS-based forest inventory data at a scale of forestry bureau. The first version contains two sub-modules: forest operation and forest res-toration. Under each sub-module, users can compare several decision options and make optimal choices. It can help field for-esters, forest managers, and policy makers make multi-objective and consistent decisions in planning forest management at hierarchical administrative scales.     

苗圃精细筑床机设计

林业苗圃筑床机是育苗生产全程机械化的基础设备,但该设备三十多年几乎没有任何改进.针对原有(传统)筑床杌在作业过程中存在的问题和现代育苗生产的需求,研制开发了新型的苗圃精细筑床机.介绍了苗圃精细筑床机的总体方案、总体结构及总体参数的设计,以及其关键部件的设计过程.     

厦门岛城市绿地可达性研究

文章应用RS技术结合GIS工具,以厦门岛Landsat TM卫星影像作为研究数据来源,并结合厦门岛用地现状图、远景绿线规划图等数据资料制作厦门岛数字地图,以绿地可达性为评价指标,衡量厦门岛的当前绿地系统及远景绿地规划为居民提供生态服务的有效性;通过现状绿地与远景规划绿线之间的整体绿地可达性对比,对远景绿线规划进行评价;对绿地可达性不佳区域,以多种来源的数据作为分析依据,对绿地建设工作提出改进意见,为绿地建设工作提供了一种有效的决策支持平台。       

中温固化型PF树脂胶粘剂的研制

将竹帘胶合板的"冷进冷出"工艺改造成"热进热出"工艺,关键技术是降低热压温度,而一种中温固化型的酚醛树脂是实现该技术的主要条件.选取树脂反应终点的粘度、甲醛、氢氧化钠与苯酚的摩尔比、促进剂加量4个主要因素,以每个因素三个不同水平进行正交试验,合成各种不同配方的胶粘剂,然后进行竹帘胶合板的压制.通过对制品耐沸水性和耐老化性的检验,确定适合中温固化酚醛树脂的最佳工艺参数为:胶粘剂反应终点的粘度为1.08 Pa·s,甲醛、氢氧化钠与苯酚的摩尔比分别为1.75和0.30,促进剂加量为苯酚质量的4%.按这组参数合成的酚醛树脂胶粘剂可以在105～115℃的中温条件下实现快速和完全固化.     

The use of compensatory and non-compensatory multi-criteria analysis for small-scale forestry

Small-scale farm forestry has the potential to offer many benefits both to landholders and the wider community. As with all changes in land-use practices, there are associated benefits and costs and these are not uniformly distributed. They have varying impacts on the different values, aspirations, goals and objectives that exist within the community. Furthermore, the community does not consider these values, aspirations, goals and objectives of equal importance. The degree of concern can vary from minor to high and overriding all other considerations. When evaluating farm forestry options it is necessary to address all of these concerns. This paper examines the combined use compensatory and non-compensatory multi-criteria analyses to evaluate forestry options, in a case study for the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. These aggregation techniques are found to be highly complementary and together provide a comprehensive analysis. The compensatory technique provides a sound measure of overall performance of a forestry system, whereas the non-compensatory technique alerts decision-makers to presence of particularly poor performance with respect to individual criteria. The compensatory technique used is simple and understandable even for those with non-mathematical backgrounds. This analysis can identify and aid communication of the relative benefits and costs, and trade-offs, between economic, environmental and social considerations.     

干涉测量土地利用影像分类决策树法森林识别研究

利用ERS－1和ERS－2 SAR串行轨道数据经干涉测量处理生成的干涉测量土地利用影像对森林识别方法进行初步研究。内容包括基于目标识别选择合成干涉测量土地利用影像处理方法、应用斜分类器（OCI）生成分类决策树以及在自主开发的软件中调整分类决策树、对分类结果进行像元级别上的精度检验和误差分析等。结果表明：ERS－1和ERS－2 SAR串行轨道数据经干涉测量处理，利用其强度影像和相干影像可以合成多种干涉测量土地利用影像；其中最小值影像和 标准差影像较之于其它强度影像和变化影像更有利于区分水体和森林；由于OCI生成决策树的算法决定了在分类处理中没有不可分类别的存在，所以在初期选择分类类别时，要尽可能多的覆盖原始影像的数值区间；选择的各类别样本数据要尽可能的“纯”，以减少类别间数值区间的重叠，从而减少误分类情况。     

马尾松毛虫越冬幼虫简易序贯抽样模型研究

采用指数曲线拟合方法，研究了马尾松毛虫越冬3－4龄幼虫的p-m关系，得其关系方程为m=0.0431e^6.5703p，制作了p-m简易估计相关数表，以此基础上，采用马占山（1988）的简易序贯抽亲决策模型进行了简易序贯抽样分析，制作了简易序贯抽样分析图、表。另外，本文还提出了“基本抽样数”的概念及其计算公式：qmin=tα^2Pt/(1-Pt）。     

国内外竹材造纸及其经济效益评价

本文根据国内外(包括中国、印度、日本、孟加拉国、缅甸、菲律宾、澳大利亚、苏联等)报道的竹材制浆造纸方面资料综合而成。文章内容有引言、竹材纤维形态与化学成分、世界竹材造纸工业简况和造纸竹材利用的经济效益。文章列举大量事实说明造纸工业用竹材为原料比用针叶材或阔叶材经济效益高。